INNOVATIONS IN INLAND OPEN WATERS - PowerPoint Presentation

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INNOVATIONS IN INLAND OPEN WATERS

Central Inland Fisheries Research Institute

Barrackpore, Kolkata- 700 120

Dr. SAJINA A. M.Slide2

Inland open waters of MeghalayaRivers & canals- 5,600 Km

Reservoirs – 0.08 lakh haTanks & Ponds- 0.02 lakh haWetlands

Issues & ChallengesNeed/Scope for InnovationIntroductionSlide3

Proper planning and development of fisheries- need to assess and monitor inland water resources

Issue- Scattered nature, Difficulty in accessibility, Declining water areaIntervention- employ the remote sensing technology for assessment of the fisheries resources and GIS for management of resources

Mapping of water resources using GIS and remote sensingSlide4

Standardised the methodology for estimating water spread area

of inland fisheries resources and their production status using GIS tools in West Bengal and Uttar Pradesh

Mapping of water resources using GIS and remote sensing

Mapping of water bodies

in Punjab, Haryana, Tamil Nadu, Andhra Pradesh and ChhattisgarhSlide5

Preparation of

electronic atlas for water bodies of >10 ha area in 6 States

KeralaKarnataka,

Maharashtra,

West Bengal,

Punjab,

Haryana,

Bihar

Digital Elevation Model

of catchments and streams were created for four water bodies of

West Bengal

and six water bodies of

Uttar Pradesh

Mapping of water resources using GIS and remote sensingSlide6

Issues

More demand and less supply of affordable protein by allCapture fisheries production- more or less stagnantIntervention- Production enhancement from inland open water resources

Stock enhancement/RanchingPen cultureCage FarmingCage farming in reservoirsSlide7

CIFRI providing technical assistance for the implementation of cage farming for table fish in 12 States under NMPS

Andhra PradeshTamil NaduKarnataka

Madhya PradeshOrissaBiharJharkhandUttar Pradesh Himachal Pradesh

Cage farming in reservoirs and wetlandsSlide8

Technology for carp seed raising in cages

have been developed; 150-210 no. of fish fingerlings (80-100 mm) can be produced per cubic meter of the cage at a cost of Rs 0.4/fingerling with a cost benefit ratio of 2.5 to 2.7

Cage farming in reservoirs and wetlandsSlide9

Issue-Overexploitation, Juvenile fishing, Destructive fishing, Habitat alteration

Intervention- Captive breeding and culture Hilsa (T.ilisha)- New Programme

for breeding, seed production and culture under NFBSFARACaptive breeding and culture of depleting fish resourcesSlide10

Issue- Changes in temperature and rainfall pattern affecting the biological cycle of fishes

Intervention-Harnessing the beneficial effects of climate changeClimate change action plan to minimize negative impacts and exploit new opportunitiesSlide11

Indian major carps Labeo

rohita, Catla catla and Cirrhinus

mrigala of six states viz. West Bengal, Assam, Tripura, Andhra Pradesh, Madhya Pradesh and Uttar PradeshThree coldwater fishes Schizothorax richardsonii, Onchorhynchus mykiss

and Tor putitora in Uttarakhand

Two estuarine fishes T. ilisha

and

Liza

parsia

in Hooghly

Matlah

estuarine system

Climate change action plan to minimize negative impacts and exploit new opportunitiesSlide12

Study

was conducted in fish hatcheries of Andhra Pradesh, Madhya Pradesh, Uttar Pradesh, West Bengal, Assam and Tripura.

Hatcheries of N-24 Parganas, W. B. - Reproductive maturity of IMC has advanced by nearly one month (from April to March) and the duration of spawning has extended by one month (from July to August)Climate change action plan to minimize negative impacts and exploit new opportunitiesSlide13

The breeding of rainbow trout record an advancement of gonadal

maturity as early as January in the high altitude of Uttarakhand.The IMC Labeo

rohita presently is surviving and growing in the pond waters of Uttarakhand hills.Climate change action plan to minimize negative impacts and exploit new opportunitiesSlide14

Intervention- Development of environment mitigation protocols

through microbiological and biotechnological interventionsBioremediation of stressed aquatic ecosystems

Issue- Due

to

heavy pollution load

, many Indian rivers are losing or have lost their self-purification ability and are now

septic with toxic and/or oxygen scavenging pollutantsSlide15

Six bacterial strains, capable of releasing phosphorous from calcium bound phosphate,

were isolated from wetland sedimentsIn process-

Microbiological formulations for organic pollution degradation in aquatic environmentBioremediation of stressed aquatic ecosystems

17 phenol/

chlorophenol

degrading bacteria were isolated

from

Churni

, Hooghly and

Damodar

rivers

More than 150 bacteria have been isolated from different aquatic habitats

for arsenic transformations;

f

our strains having Arsenic reduction capability

have been isolated and proven their roles in arsenic reduction and mobilizationSlide16

Rapid field bio-

assessment approach for addressing cumulative and / or synergistic impact of anthropogenic stressors on inland aquatic ecosystemFish based Index of Biotic Integrity (IBI), Health assessment Index (HAI), Habitat suitability index (HSI)

Capable of providing early warning signals for environmental degradationBiotic indices for assessing environmental health of ecosystemsSlide17

Issue- transformation of river ecosystems by fragmenting channels and altering river flows for hydropower generation and other purposes.

Intervention- To estimate the requirement of minimum environmental flow in the river for sustainable fishery

Environmental flow in river systems to sustain ecosystem properties and productionSlide18

Various methods - Tennant method, Huges

& Munster method and Building block methodNorth east- Nyamjang Chhu river of Arunachal Pradesh Minimum water release of 3.5

cumecs from the barrage will maintain conducive depth and flow velocity of 0.55 m and 0.36 m/s respectivelyEnvironmental flow in river systems to sustain ecosystem properties and productionSlide19

An efficient and useful method to systematically describe ecosystems and to explore their properties

Provide valuable information on the health of reservoir habitats, as well as the capacity to support biological production and sustainable developmentSoftware- Ecopath, Ecosim

Ecosystem based Mass balance modeling of reservoirsSlide20

Wyra reservoir, Andhra Pradesh

First attempt in India on modelling a tropical productive reservoirTo assess the impact of environmental management measures (implementation of fishing ban) taken to conserve the fish stocks in the reservoir

Mass-balanced models of reservoir ecosystem were constructed for two periods, for 1995–1996 (pre-ban) and 2002–2003 (post –ban) using EcopathThe ecosystem indices indicate that the reservoir during post-ban phase was in a more resilient state (resistant to perturbations) compared to the pre-ban phase The ban was found to be useful in conserving the most prized prawn, Macrobrachium malcolmsonii

in the reservoirEcosystem based Mass balance modeling of reservoirsSlide21

Kelavarapalli reservoir, Tamil Nadu

First attempt in India to assess the impact of invasive fishes on the reservoir ecosystem through ecosystem-based approachInteresting observation in this study is that the most dominant invasive fish in this reservoir (Nile Tilapia) does not negatively impact any of the fish groups

African Catfish - exerts a direct negative impact on its preys–indigenous catfishes, Pearl spot and TilapiaCurrent data from the reservoir confirms the accuracy of the prediction from the model and Coimbatore District Collector issued orders banning culture and marketing of African catfish

Ecosystem based Mass balance modelingSlide22

Karapuzha reservoir, Kerala

Prey-predator interactions revealed that the major carps do not negatively impact the local fish species in the reservoir

Ecosystem based Mass balance modeling of reservoirs

Based on the results of this study, the Kerala Government decided to proceed with stocking of fishes in reservoirs of KeralaSlide23

Issues

Inland open water resources are complex and multifunctional The decisions on sub-optimal or irrational use of inland waters are often taken due to lack of availability of information on goods and services provided by them and their actual value Intervention-Concept of estimation of the actual monetary value of the goods and services comprising the ecological, economic and social aspects.

Purpose-To ensure conservationValuation of goods and services in inland open-watersSlide24

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