A Teaching Strategy Dr Everett D McCoy Problem Solving Characteristics Open ended There is No right answer Problem Solving Characteristics Open ended Ambiguous Statement must be clarified ID: 379301
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Slide1
Problem Solving
A Teaching Strategy
Dr. Everett D. McCoySlide2
Problem Solving: Characteristics
Open ended
There is
No
right answerSlide3
Problem Solving: Characteristics
Open endedAmbiguous
Statement must be clarified
There is
No
right
answerSlide4
Problem Solving: Characteristics
Open endedAmbiguous
Broad scope
Assumptions must be made
There is
No
right answer
Statement must be
clarifiedSlide5
Problem Solving: Characteristics
Open endedAmbiguous
Broad scopeTopical
Has meaning to the student
There is
No
right answer
Statement must be clarified
Assumptions must be
madeSlide6
Problem Solving: Characteristics
Open endedAmbiguous
Broad scopeTopicalInterdisciplinary
Engaging across academic areas
There is
No
right answer
Statement must be clarified
Assumptions must be made
Has meaning to the
studentSlide7
Problem Solving: Steps of Research
Open endedAmbiguous
Broad scopeTopicalInterdisciplinary
There is
No
right answer
Statement must be clarified
Assumptions must be made
Has meaning to the student
Engaging across academic areasSlide8
Problem Solving: Students…
take responsibility for learningtake action to solve problemsresolve conflicts
discuss alternativesfocus on thinkingSlide9
Problem Solving
It’s the middle of July and both you and your tomatoes are wilting in the yard. Or maybe a low pressure cell is napping overhead, your
arm aches from holding an umbrella, and you’re watching the basement fill with water. Either way, you want to know how much rain it is—how many gallons have
hit your roof, yard, block, or town. And, of course ...
how many baths could you get from a rainstorm?
How many baths can you get from a rainstorm?Slide10
Problem Solving :
What is it?It’s the middle of July and both you and your tomatoes are wilting in the yard. Or maybe a
low pressure cell is napping overhead, your arm aches from holding an umbrella, and you’re watching the basement fill with
water. Either way, you want to know how much rain it is—how many gallons have hit your roof, yard, block, or town. And, of course ...
how many baths could you get from a rainstorm
?
How many baths
can you
get from a rainstorm?
The ability to identify and solve problems by applying appropriate skills systematically.
Definition:
A process; an ongoing activity where we use what we know to discover what we don't.
Description:
1. Seeking information
2
. Generating new knowledge
3
. Making decisions
Functions
:
Slide11
Problem Solving
It’s the middle of July and both you and your tomatoes are wilting in the yard. Or maybe a low pressure cell is napping overhead, your
arm aches from holding an umbrella, and you’re watching the basement fill with water. Either way, you want to know how much rain it is—how many gallons have
hit your roof, yard, block, or town. And, of course ...
how many baths could you get from a rainstorm?
How many baths
can you
get from a rainstorm?Slide12
Problem Solving: What is it?
Definition:
The ability to identify and solve problems by applying appropriate skills systematically.Description: A process; an ongoing activity where we use what we know to discover what we don't.
Functions: Seeking information Generating new knowledge Making decisionsSlide13
Problem Solving: Five Step Process
Understand the problem
Describe any barriersIdentify appropriate alternativesTry a solutionEvaluate the results
Students
must
understand the nature of a problem and its related goals.
Frame problems
in their own words
Use drawings to look at a problem from many different perspectivesSlide14
Problem Solving :
Understand the problemIt’s
the middle of July and both you and your tomatoes are wilting in the yard. Or maybe a low pressure cell is napping overhead, your arm aches from holding
an umbrella, and you’re watching the basement fill with water. Either way, you want to know how much rain it is—how many gallons have hit your roof, yard, block, or town. And
, of course ... how many baths could you get from
a
rainstorm
?
How many baths
can you
get from a rainstorm?
Is it total rain or just by the hour?
Is it a standard or large bath tub?
Is it just rain or a storm?Slide15
Problem Solving: Five Step Process
Understand the problem
Describe any barriersIdentify appropriate alternativesTry a solution
Evaluate the results
What
is
the problem?
Identify constraints
Verbalize impedimentsSlide16
Problem Solving :
Describe any barriersIt’s
the middle of July and both you and your tomatoes are wilting in the yard. Or maybe a low pressure cell is napping overhead, your arm aches from holding
an umbrella, and you’re watching the basement fill with water. Either way, you want to know how much rain it is—how many gallons have hit your roof, yard, block, or town. And
, of course ... how many baths could you get from
a
rainstorm
?
How many baths
can you
get from a rainstorm?
What are area and volume?
How do we change units?
How do we measure rain?Slide17
Problem Solving: Five Step Process
Understand the problem
Describe any barriersIdentify appropriate alternativesTry a solution
Evaluate the results
Available approaches include
Visual Images
Guesstimate
Tables
Manipulatives
Work Backwards
Patterns
Systematic ListsSlide18
Problem Solving :
Identify alternatives
It’s the middle of July and both you and your tomatoes are wilting in the yard. Or maybe a low pressure cell
is napping overhead, your arm aches from holding an umbrella, and you’re watching the basement fill with water. Either way, you want to know how much rain it is—how many gallons have
hit your roof, yard, block, or town. And, of course ... how
many baths could you get from
a
rainstorm
?
How many baths
can you
get from a rainstorm?
How much rain is there?
How much water is in a bath?
How large is a yard?Slide19
Problem Solving: Five Step Process
Understand the problem
Describe any barriersIdentify appropriate alternativesTry a solution
Evaluate the results
Keep
accurate records
thoughts
, proceedings,
procedures
.
Work through a
strategy
doesn’t
work,
modify, gives bad data
Monitor
the
steps
Come back laterSlide20
Problem Solving :
Try a solutionIt’s
the middle of July and both you and your tomatoes are wilting in the yard. Or maybe a low pressure cell is napping overhead, your arm aches from holding
an umbrella, and you’re watching the basement fill with water. Either way, you want to know how much rain it is—how many gallons have hit your roof, yard, block, or town. And
, of course ... how many baths could you get from
a
rainstorm
?
How many baths
can you
get from a rainstorm?
1” of rain in 1
sq.ft
. is about 1 gallon.
1 bath holds about 40 gallons.
The average yard is now ¼ acre.Slide21
Problem Solving: Five Step Process
Understand the problem
Describe any barriersIdentify appropriate alternativesTry a solution
Evaluate the results
Multiple
opportunities to
self-assess
skills and solutions
risk-taking
self-assurance
independenceSlide22
Problem Solving :
Evaluate the results
It’s the middle of July and both you and your tomatoes are wilting in the yard. Or maybe a low pressure cell
is napping overhead, your arm aches from holding an umbrella, and you’re watching the basement fill with water. Either way, you want to know how much rain it is—how many gallons have
hit your roof, yard, block, or town. And, of course ... how
many baths could you get from
a
rainstorm
?
How many baths
can you
get from a rainstorm?
Did I get a negative number of baths?
Is it less than
1?
More
than 1,000,000?
Does
this make sense?Slide23
Problem Solving: Five Step Process
Understand the problem
Describe any barriersIdentify appropriate alternativesTry a solution
Evaluate the resultsSlide24
Problem Solving: Five Step
Understand the problem
Describe any barriersIdentify appropriate alternatives
Try a solutionEvaluate the results
Knowledge
Understanding
Analysis
Synthesis
Verification
Process ResearchSlide25
Problem Solving: Five Steps of Research
Knowledge
UnderstandingAnalysisSynthesis
VerificationSlide26
Problem Solving: Examples
How many baths can you get from a rainstorm?
Where should I live to live the longest?
What makes
a “Wonder” Wonder-full
?
Should a current project be built?
How do you teach a TAG student?Slide27
Problem Solving: Five Step Process
Understand the problemDescribe any barriers
Identify appropriate alternativesTry a solutionEvaluate the resultsSlide28
Problem Solving: Five Step Process
Students must understand the nature of a problem and its related goals.
Students should…Frame the problem in their own wordsUse drawings to look at a problem from many different perspectives
1. Understand the ProblemSlide29
Problem Solving: Five Step Process
In short, what is the problem?Students should…
Identify barriers or constraints preventing them from achieving their goal Verbalize impediments
2. Describe any BarriersSlide30
Problem Solving: Five Step Process
Visual Images
GuesstimateTablesManipulativesWork BackwardPatternsSystematic Lists
3. Identify Appropriate Alternatives
Students have many approaches
available to solve a problem.Slide31
Problem Solving: Five Step Process
Keep accurate, current records of thoughts, proceedings, and procedures.Work through a strategy until it doesn’t work, needs to be modified, or yields inappropriate data.
Monitor the steps undertakenBe comfortable putting a problem down and tackling it at a later time.
4. Try a SolutionSlide32
Problem Solving: Five Step Process
Students must have multiple opportunities to self assess skills and solutions
risk-taking self-assurance independenceFrequently, students are overly dependent upon teachers to evaluate their performance
5. Evaluate the Results