The Cold War WORLD HISTORY READERS Level 6 ④ What countries rule the world today The community of countries joined by the United Nations rules the world today How is this different from the past ID: 773765
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The Cold War WORLD HISTORY READERS Level 6- ④
What countries rule the world today? The community of countries joined by the United Nations rules the world today. How is this different from the past? What two countries became superpowers after World War II? In the past, the most powerful country often ruled over the rest and sometimes built an empire. The United States and the Soviet Union (USSR) Who Rules the World? The United Nations Headquarters in New York City The Roman Empire
What was the war between the US and the USSR called? The Cold War How long was the Cold War? It lasted 46 years! It started in 1945 and ended in 1991. The Cold War Why was it called a proxy war? There were never any direct battles between the two superpowers. However, they opposed each other in self-contained wars in several places of the world such as Greece, Korea, Afghanistan, and Vietnam.
What were some of the differences between the US and the USSR? Why did the two countries fight? It was a war to create an empire and an ideological war. Each country wanted to impose its beliefs on other countries. • Democratic • Free economy and press • Personal freedoms United States • Communist • State economy and controlled press • Control over its people Soviet Union The US vs. the USSR vs.
How was the war fought? What was Mutually Assured Destruction (MAD)? Both the US and the USSR had nuclear bombs, and either of them could use their deadly bombs at any time. They had enough nuclear weapons to destroy each other. MAD was the knowledge that the US and the USSR could destroy each other—at the same time! • Through proxy wars • With psychological warfare using speeches, movies, and books• With spies • Through the space race The most powerful Soviet atomic bomb A world map showing nuclear missiles in various countries Two missiles ready to be launched from a military base A secret underground bunker How The Cold War Was Fought
As the Cold War developed, who supported the US? Most of the countries of Western Europe and Japan aligned themselves with the US. Who supported the USSR? What was the Non-Aligned Movement? Many Eastern European countries such as Poland, East Germany, Ukraine, and Czechoslovakia aligned themselves with the USSR. Countries who declared themselves neutral and did not align with either side. An Indonesian stamp dedicated to the Non- Aligned Movement The US Army Station in Germany Why was the Berlin Wall important during the Cold War? It became a symbol of the Cold War. It represented the dividing line between the two superpowers. The Rest of the World The Berlin Wall
Did China align with one side during the Cold War? No, sometimes, China would be allied with the Soviet Union and the communist cause, and other times it would become friendly with the United States, particularly under President Nixon. Who imposed a communist government over China? Mao Zedong China
What happened in Cuba in 1959? A revolution overthrew the dictator Batista, and Cuba became communist. Who supported this? What did the Soviet Union put in Cuba in 1962? The USSR They put missiles in Cuba to threaten the United States. The location was much closer than the USSR, so the US was very worried. How long did the missiles stay in Cuba? 13 days What was remarkable about this? The world had never been so close to an actual nuclear war. The Cuban Revolution A Soviet ship carrying missiles as it leaves Cuba
US helicopters over Vietnam When did the Vietnam War begin? 1954 When did it end? In terms of the Cold War, why was it significant? 1975 It was a long, violent war with both US and Soviet involvement. The Vietnam War resulted in the deaths of many young Americans, and sparked a cultural rebellion against war in the US. What happened at the end of the Vietnam War? Vietnam became a communist country. A US protest against the Vietnam War The Vietnam War Memorial in Washington, D.C. with the names of all the American soldiers who died The Vietnam War
Laika and the satellite that took her into space What were some Soviet successes during the space race? The Soviet Union sent Sputnik, the first satellite, into space. It also sent Laika, the first dog, into space. What was the most important American success during the space race? The United States was the first to put astronauts on the moon. An American astronaut on the moon Apollo 11 flying to the moon The Space Race
Mikhail Gorbachev and Ronald Reagan ended the Cold War. What happened in 1989 and 1990? The Berlin Wall came down, and the German border opened. When did the Soviet Union fall? It fell in 1991. The Berlin wall being torn down A map of the Russian Federation The End
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