Do Now what is your definition of stress Stress Understanding Psychology 413445 What is Stress Stress is the anxious or threatening feeling resulting from our appraisal of a situation ID: 536327
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Slide1
What are the Sources of Stress?
Do Now: what is your definition of stress?
"Stress" Understanding Psychology, 413-445Slide2
What is Stress?
Stress is the anxious or threatening feeling resulting from our appraisal of a situation
and our reaction to demands placed upon us.Stress is a person’s reaction to his or her inability to cope with a certain tense event or situation.
"Stress" Understanding Psychology, 413-445Slide3
What are the Components of Stress?
A stressor is a stress-producing event or situation.
A stress reaction is the body’s response to a stressor.Distress
is stress that stems from acute anxiety or pressure.
Eustress
is positive stress which results from challenges.
"Stress" Understanding Psychology, 413-445Slide4
What are the Types of Conflict Strategies?
Approach-Approach
Avoidance-Avoidance
Approach-Avoidance
Double Approach-Avoidance
"Stress" Understanding Psychology, 413-445Slide5
Approach-Approach
Do I want to go to the ball game or the concert tonight?
You choose between two options which you like.
"Stress" Understanding Psychology, 413-445Slide6
Avoidance-Avoidance
Should I stay up all night studying for my psychology or math test?
You must choose between two disagreeable options.
"Stress" Understanding Psychology, 413-445Slide7
Approach-Avoidance
Should I ask him to go to prom with me? He may say yes, he may say no.
You find yourself in a situation that has both enjoyable and disagreeable consequences.
"Stress" Understanding Psychology, 413-445Slide8
Double Approach-Avoidance
Should I stay home and wait for my girlfriend to call me, or should I just go out with my friends?
You must choose between multiple options, each of which has positive and disagreeable aspects.
"Stress" Understanding Psychology, 413-445Slide9
Why do people view situations differently?
The level of stress you feel depends on how you appraise the situation.
Primary appraisal
refers to our immediate evaluation of a situation.
Secondary appraisal
involves deciding how to deal with a potentially stressful situation.
"Stress" Understanding Psychology, 413-445Slide10
What stresses teenagers?
Procedures:
Develop a list of life events that you believe to be stressful to teenagers and
reank
them from 1 to 20.
Share your list with at least 3 classmates and have them check the events that have happened to them in the past year.
Ask each person to indicate any illnesses they have had in the past year.
"Stress" Understanding Psychology, 413-445Slide11
Putting it all together!
Analysis:
For each person, add up the values for the events they have circled. Note the illnesses they have recorded.
Does your rating scale show any relationship between stressful events that teenagers face and illnesses they experience? Explain.
"Stress" Understanding Psychology, 413-445Slide12
How do we Respond to Stress?
Do Now: pick a number: 1, 2, 3, or 4
"Stress" Understanding Psychology, 413-445Slide13
Review: What are the Sources of Stress?
What is the difference between
eustress
and distress?
Should stress always be avoided? Explain.
Explain ONE of the following conflict situations: (remember your number?)
Approach-Approach
Avoidance
-Avoidance
Approach-Avoidance
Double Approach-Avoidance
"Stress" Understanding Psychology, 413-445
Answer the following questions on a separate sheet of paper:Slide14
Our Reaction to Stress can be…
Beneficial
Harmful
"Stress" Understanding Psychology, 413-445Slide15
Fight or Flight Response
Fight or Flight is a survival mechanism.
It prepares us for self-defense.
It involves hormones (which increase energy) and adrenaline.
"Stress" Understanding Psychology, 413-445Slide16
General Adaptation Syndrome
According to Hans
Selye
, we experience 3 stages when our body reacts to stress:
Alarm
Resistance
Exhaustion
"Stress" Understanding Psychology, 413-445Slide17
Alarm
This is our Fight or Flight Response.
If the alarm reaction is insufficient, a person may develop symptoms of anxiety.
"Stress" Understanding Psychology, 413-445Slide18
Resistance
This stage is when we find a way to cope with the stressor based on our knowledge.
At this stage a person may suffer psychosomatic symptoms from strain they he or she pretends is not there.
Psychosomatic symptoms are physical symptoms that are caused by stress or tension.
"Stress" Understanding Psychology, 413-445Slide19
Exhaustion
If exposure to a specific stressor continues, we will reach a state of exhaustion.
Did you know that workers on an assembly line are more likely to reach exhaustion than their managers? This is because their job is repetitive and they have little control.
"Stress" Understanding Psychology, 413-445Slide20
Emotional and Cognitive Responses to Stress
Emotional
Anxiety
Anger
Fear
Cognitive
Difficulty concentrating
Recurring thoughts
Poor decision making
"Stress" Understanding Psychology, 413-445Slide21
Burn-Out
If a person is constantly in a frustrated state, they may experience “burn-out”.
Prolonged stressor.
"Stress" Understanding Psychology, 413-445Slide22
Behavioral Reactions to Stress
List 3 behavioral reactions to stress
"Stress" Understanding Psychology, 413-445Slide23
Physical Reactions to Stress
List 3 physical reactions to stress?
"Stress" Understanding Psychology, 413-445Slide24
Factors that Influence our Reaction to Stress
Personality
Perceived control over stressors
Social support
"Stress" Understanding Psychology, 413-445Slide25
Perceived Control over Stressors
J.M. Weiss conducted an experiment which supports this theory.
2 groups of rats were given identical electric shocks.
One group was able to control the shocks by touching their nose to a panel (reinforcement).
The other was not able to control the shocks.
The groups that could regulate the shocks developed fewer ulcers.
"Stress" Understanding Psychology, 413-445Slide26
Social Support
Social groups provide (at least) 4 kinds of support:
Emotional
Appraisal
Informational
Instrumental
"Stress" Understanding Psychology, 413-445Slide27
Emotional:
Affection
and concern
Appraisal:
Assistance in “sorting out” the stressor
Informational:
After
appraisal, a person evaluates their response to a stressor.
Instrumental:
Direct
help, such a money or housing.
"Stress" Understanding Psychology, 413-445Slide28
Summary
How do you use social support to handle stress?
When you are stressed, what
are your
most common behavioral and cognitive reactions?
When have you used the fight or flight response?
"Stress" Understanding Psychology, 413-445Slide29
Enchanted
You will compare Giselle and Robert’s response to stress.
For EACH character:
Identify the Type of Conflict Strategy they primarily use:
Approach-Approach
Avoidance-Avoidance
Approach-Avoidance
Double Approach-Avoidance
Factors that influence their stress:
Personality
Perceived control over stressors
Social support
The type of social support they offer each other.
"Stress" Understanding Psychology, 413-445