Interpersonal Attraction Behavioural attributions in self and others Attitude formation Effect of the group on the individual Interpersonal Attraction What determines your likingdisliking of someone ID: 268049
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Slide1
Social Psychology
Interpersonal Attraction
Behavioural attributions in self and others
Attitude formation
Effect of the group on the individualSlide2
Interpersonal Attraction
What determines your liking/disliking of someone?
1) Similarity of personality and attitudes
2) Physical attractiveness
3) If they like us, or at least, start off disliking then liking us
4) If we have low self-esteem
5) Familiarity
6) First impressionsSlide3
Attribution Processes
For others: Fundamental Attribution Error (but occasionally the discounting principle)
For yourself: Self-serving biasSlide4
Attitude Formation
2) Cognitive dissonance: when behaviour and attitudes/knowledge are at odds
-what can you do?
-alter behaviour, find cognitive support for behaviour, or change opinion
-e.g. Smoking
-boring study, grasshopper-eating study
Formal communication:
-source of the message
-message itself
Theories of attitude change
1) Balance TheorySlide5
Group Behaviour
-in competition: Triplett (1897)
-when cooperating: social loafing
-with an audience: it depends...
-
Zajonc
settles things
-when
in
the audience: bystander intervention
-pluralistic ignorance
-diffusion of responsibility
-
normative function
: we follow the group to fit in, or not look dumb
-
comparative function
: we look to the group for information about ambiguous situations
Popular explanation for why we do this: social comparison theorySlide6
The effect of the group on bystanders even applies when individual is threatened with harm
(smoke study)Slide7
What about overt activity?
Asch line length studySlide8
Social roles as defined by the group
Zimbardo’s
Stanford Prison Experiment (1974)
-the setup:
-ads placed on Stanford University campus, for a 2-week study they would be paid $15/day to participate in
-students who answered were
randomly
assigned to be a guard or a prisoner
-study began with a real police officer showing up at the “prisoners” houses and arresting themSlide9
Behaviour influenced by an authority figure
Milgram’s
obedience study
-people are less conforming today, aren’t they?
-what is your evidence?
-I could argue people might conform more (video games)
-what were you laughing at?
-
Milgram
was successfully replicated in 2009Slide10
CultsSlide11
Group brainwashing
-sleep deprivation
-love bombing
-under-isolation
-physical exertion
-peer pressure
-milieu control
1
st
stage softens you up:
2
nd
stage: ego manipulation
-mystical manipulation
& sense of superiority
-need for purity
-confession
-loading the language
-doctrine over individuals
Moonies Scientology
Army