PPT-WHY DO ATOMS

BOND The Periodic Table H He Li Na K Be Mg Ca B Al C Si N P O S F Cl Ne Ar 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 GROUPS Learning Objective To understand covalent bonding Electron arrangement in . Physical Science. Chapter 4 – Section 2. State Standards. CLE.3202.1.2 – Describe the structure and arrangement of atomic particles. What is an Atom?. The three main components of an atom are . distinquished. Physical Science. Chapter 4 – Section 2. State Standards. CLE.3202.1.2 – Describe the structure and arrangement of atomic particles. What is an Atom?. The three main components of an atom are . distinquished. . Rutger M. T. Thijssen. Van der Waals - Zeeman Instituut voor Experimentele Natuurkunde. Abstract. In Amsterdam We have recently produced the first two-dimensional lattice of magnetic microtraps for ultracold atoms based on patterned magnetic films [1]. Ultracold rubidium atoms are transferred to hundreds of individual microtraps, each cloud hovering 10 micrometers above the chip surface and separated by ~20 micrometers. We are currently investigating highly excited Rydberg states of the atoms, used to mediate long-range interactions between neighbouring microtraps. This could allow entanglement of mesoscopic ensembles of atoms and paves the road toward quantum information processing with neutral atoms. We have built a dedicated laser system using 780 nm and 480 nm narrow-band diode lasers stabilised to a two-photon electromagnetically induced transparency resonance in a Rubidium vapour cell. We can excite Rydberg states from n=19 up to n~100. We have used this system to excite and image Rydberg atoms in ultracold rubidium gas confined in a surface magneto-optical trap. We are now studying the influence of the nearby (magnetic and conducting) chip surface on the Rydberg excited atoms. . . and . Periodic Table. Antoine Lavoisier. Law of Conservation of Matter: matter can not be destroyed nor created.. Dalton’s Atomic Theory. All elements are composed of atoms.. Atoms of the same element are identical. Atoms of any one element are different than atoms of another element.. Atoms, Orbitals & Bonding Topics:. Very quick history of chemistry…. What is organic chemistry?. Atomic models: nuclear to quantum. All . about . orbitals. How . orbitals fill: electron . configuration. Non metals and Metalloids. A non metal is an element that is not a metal and does not have properties of metals. A metalloid is an element that is not a metal but it is similar to a metal.. Physical properties of nonmetals: Most nonmetals are poor conductors of electric current and heat. Solid nonmetals tend to be dull and brittle.. Flame Test . Flame Test. According to Bohr theory of the atom, electrons may occupy only specific energy levels. Electrons in atoms jump from their ground state to excited states by absorbing energy. Eventually these electrons fall back to their ground state, reemitting the absorbed energy in the form of light. Because each atom has a unique structure and arrangement of electrons, each atom emits a unique spectrum of light. This characteristic light is the basis for the chemical test known as a flame test. In this test, being placed within a flame excites the atoms. As they reemit the absorbed energy in the form of light, the color of the flame changes. For most metals, these changes are easily visible. However, even the presence of a tiny speck of another substance can interfere with the identification of the true color of a particular type of atom. . . are the smallest components of nature. with the properties of a given substance.. Electrons. (negative charge). Protons. . (positive charge). Neutrons. . (no charge). For any given element:. Atomic Number . Essential Questions:. What is. . the basic structure of atoms? . How is an atom’s mass calculated? . Which subatomic particles are electrically charged?. .. Essential Questions:. 4. Where are the three main subatomic particles located?. Atoms are composed of protons, neutrons and electrons. These subatomic particles are charged….. Atoms make elements… Elements can’t be broken down into anything simpler. . Examples:. Carbon= C. The structure of atoms dictate their properties. How atoms combine dictate what we see in the many . minerals. in nature. . New technologies allow us to peer ever closer at the minute structures of minerals, down to the scale of individual atoms.. and Ions. Jim Geiger. Cem 151. Atomic Theory of Matter. The theory of atoms:. Original to the Greeks. Leuccipus, Democritus and Lucretius. (Aristotle thought they were nuts). He believed that one could divide up a piece of matter an infinite number of times, that is, one never came up with a piece of matter that could not be further divided. He suggested that everything in the world was made up of some combination of four elements: earth, fire, water, and air. The elements were acted upon by the two forces of gravity and levity. Gravity was the tendency for earth and water to sink, and levity the tendency for air and fire to rise.. What are Atoms?. Atoms. are the building blocks of matter made up of Protons, Neutrons & Electrons.. Inside the Atom. A . proton. is a positively charged (+) particle in the center of the atom. DE Chemistry. Dr. Walker. Timeline. B.C.. 400 B.C. . Demokritos. and . Leucippos. . use the term ". atomos. ” . 1500's. Georg Bauer: systematic metallurgy. Paracelsus: medicinal application of minerals.