Evaluating Impacts: Assessing the Benefits Throughout the Value Chain - PowerPoint Presentation

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Evaluating Impacts: Assessing the Benefits Throughout the Value Chain

Pascal BernardoniProject manager at REDD

Effective

impacts

evaluation of IP and product branding

strategies

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Themes of the presentationVarious purposes for monitoring and evaluating branding initiativesEvaluating

potential and achieved impacts Criteria for evaluation of an IP and branding strategy

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ScopeProduct with specific quality linked to the area of production due to human and natural factors

protected asGeographical Indications in sui generis systemOrCollective and certification marks

With clearly defined production rules (code of practice)

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Multiple dimensions of the Origin Linked Products and their

expected impacts

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Why do we need evaluations ?Transparency between donors and implementersPolicy and politicsScience and knowledge

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Transparency and accountabilityExternal evaluations that check results against objectivesLimited learning process for supporters and value chain stakeholders

Increasingly, donors tend to conduct evaluations with more added value (lessons learned, measurement of impacts)

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PolicyDevelopment Organisations and Government policiesNeed of to verify assumptions on development impacts

Means for public and private actors to learn from their experiences and to incorporate them into policy and practiceRobust basis for raising funds and influencing policy

In developing countries, still

limited science based evidences of OLP IP and branding strategies benefits

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PoliticsDispute between at WTO level to widen the scope of the TRIPS agreement to all food products

Number of countries try to demonstrate the benefit of the Geographical Indications, especially for developing countries and LDC

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Science and knowledgeBasis for questioning and testing assumptionsReveal mistakes and offers paths for learning and improvements of the overall approach

Need of having the impacts assessment for a quantitative representative sample of products (SinerGI data base and FAO case studies for example)

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Evaluating IP and branding strategiesEvaluating effective and potential impactsImpacts

Are observed effects …. of the implementation of IP and branding strategy implementation

... in three main dimensions of the sustainable rural development: economic, social and environmental

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Input

Activity

Output

Outcome

Impact

Traditional product, human and natural resources

Higher biodiversity ?

Number of plant species in meadow?

Landscape?

Producers‘ Income ?

Registration process

Negotiation of the code of practices

Rules for production methods

Use of traditional/ local breeds or varieties

Higher retail price

Husbandry techniques

Promotion of local tourism?

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“Objective” methods (hard data): a picture of the impact differential between two states or two systems diachronic evaluation (time series) before / after, historical approach

synchronic evaluation (cross section) with / without approach

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Methodological approach

Objective methods

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“Subjective” methods : the level of recognition of positive or negative effects of initiatives by external or internal actors (comparison of preferences)

Lickert scales (agree, do not agree with…)Participative

approach

Methodological approach

Subjective methods

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Methodological approach

Main difficulty: How to assess expected impacts

How to assess “impacts” for

systems in progress?

Impossible to assess effective impacts

Identify and assess factors which could potentially be impacted by IP and branding strategies

These potential / expected impacts are often in line with the main motivations of the initiators or the supporters of a IP and branding strategy

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Price to milk producers in the

Compté PDO value chain

9 %

14%

Milk for

Compté

Industrial milk

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Why impacts are so long to materialise ?

Market stimuliValue chain stakeholders reactions

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Type of impacts and evaluation criteriaExpected impacts are:EconomicSocial

Environmental

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Economic impactsPotential criteriaOverall added valueDistribution of the added-value along the value chain

Producer income

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Important to take into account all value chain stakeholdersRetail price increase does not mean automatic benefit for all stakeholdersMechanisms ensuring a fair distribution of the added valueMeasuring the margin distribution (prices all steps of the value chain)

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Social impactsPreservation of cultural heritagePreservation of population in rural and marginal areasWomen and minorities employement

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Envrionmental impactsNatural resourcesLandscapeBiodiversity

These impacts on environment can on the long term produce effects on economic performance:Over-exploitaion of natural

resources

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Do not forget to measure non-expected impactsNon-expected impacts can be positive or negativeNegatives impacts can be a threat to the overall sustainability of the value

chainDo not limit the assessment of impacts to the objective of the IP and branding strategy

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Established GI systems

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ConclusionsLack of knowledge on impacts of IP and branding strategies in developing countriesImportant need of evaluation and research

Difficulty to assess expected impacts because of their multi dimension and process long timeframes

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More about Evaluation of IP and brandingFAO Quality

& Origin programme http://www.foodquality-origin.org/home/en/

The Effects of Protecting Geographical Indications: Ways and Means of their Evaluation

https://www.ipi.ch/fileadmin/user_upload/Juristische_Infos/e/publication_no_7_2nd_ed_Effects-of-Protecting-Geographical-

Indications.pdf

Siner

-GI and

DOLPHINS for Gis in

European

Unionhttp://www.origin-food.org/2005/base.php?cat=10&page=

10All links at

http

://redd.pro/

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