Science Centres Educators Long Jinjing Introduction PART 1 A brief review to the evolution of the educators function as well as the educational philosophy in science ID: 644644
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Slide1
Guiding Inquiry-learning: the Core Functions of Science Centres Educators
Long JinjingSlide2
IntroductionPART 1:
A brief review to the evolution of the educator's function as well as the educational philosophy in science centers of the world
TWO PARTS
PART 2:
the practice of China in the educators
core functions transformationSlide3
About the questions……
Title of them:
Tour guide
E
xplainer
T
ranslator
I
nterpreter
Docent Educator…………Question 1: Which is the core function for the educators in science centers?Slide4
About the questions……
New development:
In 2007, the education came in
the first among
the museum
functions
in the ICOM latest definitions, museum education as a more explicit output makes the museum's main business undergoing
reconstruction
Question
2: What change will happen to the educators in the new situation?Slide5
Part 1:Rule of the
D
evelopment
Educational philosophy evolution
Educational functions adaption
Educator’s core functions variation
Learn from the history:
Nature history museum
Science & Industry museum
Discovery palace in ParisExploratorium in USASlide6
Stage1: Start-up period for science centers
Time: late 19th and early 20th century
Social background:
The rapid development of capitalist industrial production, a large number of skilled Workers in urgent need
Educational philosophy advocated:
"progressive education movement" based on Pragmatic philosophy
The most representative educationist thought: Dewey, Learning by doing, Focus on training the ability to adapt to the reality of life, pay attention to the direct experience of learningJohn. DeweySlide7
Stage1: Start-up period for science centers
The changes of the science museums:
In 1907, the Deutsches Museum first attempt to change: some industrial machinery is dissected, opened and run;
In 1937, "Discovery Palace" in Paris was built up, hands-on interactive exhibits taking place all static displays;
Adjustment in teaching methods:
Teaching-Commentary + stimulus-response
The educator’s core functions at that time:
Demonstrate exhibits and explain to the public, guide the audience to observe, answer their questions
Interactive exhibits Interaction and CommunicationSlide8
Stage2: Rapid development period for science centers
Time: 1960s~1980s
Social background:
the first science education reform in US, aim to foster scientific elite (scientists and technical experts) to enhance the national strength
Educational philosophy advocated:
Against the life adapt and emphasize science curriculum structured and theorization
The most representative educationist thought: Bruner and Schwab, Discovery learning and Inquiry learning, Focus on guiding students as scientists to discover the truth, enable students to become discoverers. Jerome S. BrunerSlide9
Stage2: Rapid development period for science centers
The changes of the science museums:
Adjustment in teaching methods:
Stimulate public interest in exploring science through a variety of activities, pay more attention on the inquiry process and cultivating the basic inquiry skills
The educator’s core functions at that time:
Deeper theoretical thinking and curriculum design;
Guide the audience to observe, record, measure, imagine, explain and so on, to enhance their scientific skills;
Living show
Lab curriculum
Science club ExperimentMany kinds of educational activities is producedSlide10
Stage3: Modern science centers
Time: 1980s to nowSocial background:
the second Science Education Reform in US, the 2061 plan, Emphasis on “scientific inquiry”, aimed at the public understanding of science
Educational philosophy advocated:
Constructivism
Inquiry Learning
The most representative educationist thought: On the basis of understanding the original concept of the audience has been formed, to help them constantly revised and expanded their own conceptual scheme, enhance the ability to apply scientific concepts Inquiry learningSlide11
Stage3: Modern science centers
The changes of the science museums: Courses and activities designed in Science Center are following the "National Science Education Standards", around the core concepts of science;
Adjustment in teaching methods:
Taking the Constructivism as guidance, focus on the core scientific concepts learning, design various forms of teaching activities
The educator’s core functions at that time:
Guide the audience to use a variety of scientific inquiry skills to build a core concept
Directed by the NGSSSlide12
Part 2:The Practice of China
New development:
Since
the 1980s, China's science center
have began
to
establish, learning from the western world
Recently , Having
began to focus on "Scientific inquiry" and "creative
cultivate", we present higher demand to the educational functions and levels to the science center educators.Slide13
Status of the Science Center’s educator in China
350
in total
75%
small size(no educators)
100
In good run
7000
employees
50% educatorsBuilding size Educators take up the most massive rate, the location of the core functions of teaching staffs will show a direct impact on the educational effects of the Science Centers.Slide14
Status of the Science Center’s educator in China
Only
30%
undergraduate or above
less
than
50%
majored
in science or
engineeringless than 10% staffs majored in education The educators in science centers in china may have low professional level. The reason is that the educators in Science Centers have long been positioned as a tour guide or explainer, just do some simple tasks, which make China Science centers suffered a lot of difficulties in the development and promotion on a high level education. Education backgroundSlide15
What’s
the outstanding
characteristic
of science centers that is different from other educational institutions?
What
are the
core functions
of the Science Center Educators?
Self-examination of the Science Center’s educatorSlide16
About Outstanding characteristics of science centers education
In school
,
the main purpose is a systematic study of scientific knowledge, learning from
books
;
In museum
,
to
realize the human understanding of nature and technology achievements in different periods of natural transformation, learning from historical static display and demonstration;In science center, to establish a scientific worldview, learning from interactive exhibits by themselves. Gain direct experience in practice; Slide17
The most unique educational resource:
The outstanding characteristics of the hands-on exhibits: The Practice ; Inquiry Learning; Direct Experience
What the exhibits evolve from?
Evolved by science laboratory equipment, production tools, natural and scientific phenomena in
life;
to
provide the material conditions for viewers
to explore inquiry
learning, and
to gain direct experience. Hand-on ExhibitsSlide18
PROFESSION
Facing
the audience at all levels, from childhood to old age;
U
ndertaking
the task of teaching various subjects, giving explanation,
Doing
science experiment, giving a show or performance and so on;
Being familiar with using different teaching methods;
Developing various educational materials, lesson plans and even teaching aids. Professional TeacherGuiding inquiryDuty About the core functions of Science Centers educatorSlide19
Counselor
Competition
The exploring practice in china
The first National Science Center Counselor Competition in 2009Slide20
there
is no clear description for
judge
criteria.
Question:
Most judges based on their first impression to score,
the external personal temperament, language fluency, the affinity
are often the major factors in evaluation, but the topic content and teaching strategies adopted by the educators are usually ignored.
RULES the content, the language, the image2009,2011,2013Slide21
What is the most important?
Exploring:
Taking innovation on the speech content and educational methods. After six years exploration, we consider that "
guide the audience to rely on exhibits to do inquiry activities
" should be the core functions of educators.Slide22
Based
on exhibits phenomena and running processes, to guide the audience to explore the exhibits by
themselves.
to stimulate their interest in
science.
to inspire
the audience
using scientific methods to
think.
Target audience: teenagers group or individual visitor or geekUsing different teaching methods to different peopleRULES CHANGEspeech content , educational methodsSlide23
Thank You
！
Our exploration is still going on……