TAC February 20 2015 1 This project seeks to improve the land usetransportation system in the SF Bay Area through parking policies Approach Create a regional parking database that will ID: 737717
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Value Pricing Pilot (VPP) Parking Project
TAC February 20, 2015
1Slide2
This project seeks to improve the land use/transportation system in the SF Bay Area through parking policies. Approach:
Create
a
regional parking database that will be useful both for local and regional analysesAnalyze effects of various parking policies, especially pricing,
using regional
land use (UrbanSim)
& transportation (Travel Model One) models, other analyses and case studies. Use expert review, develop recommendations, publicize results Develop and support use of the regional parking database through workshops for local jurisdictions demonstrating local parking analysis methods, and publicizing protocols.
2
Project Goals
Recap - Project
GoalsSlide3
Database goals: Make parking data collection and analysis more efficient and effective; create a space to host and view parking data throughout the region, across locations and time.
Provide a standardized way to organize data to make it more consistent across different collections
Standardizes the collection fields, reducing time and monetary costs for setting up projects
Consistent comparison of new data collections to past collections
Consistent comparison of
data
collections in different cities/locationsEnables easy entry into the database that hosts dataCreate a process for Geo-IDing data collection to allow automated mapping and visualizations in GIS3
Database
DatabaseSlide4
Data Collection
F
ield work for all 25 PDA
areas in cities completed by February 28th
Previous studies (16 study areas
); working to standardize legacy data to match new database schema.
4
Study Area Sites
1
Santa Rosa
2
Hayward
3
South San Francisco
4
Sausalito
5
Vallejo
6
Albany - SPA7Albany - Solano8Alameda9Sunnyvale10Pinole11Burlingame12Lafayette13Union City14Dublin15San Jose - N Downtown16San Jose - NE Downtown17El Cerrito del Norte18El Cerrito Plaza19Millbrae20Martinez21Gilroy22Emeryville23Fairfield (2 /21, 2/28)24San Jose - S Downtown (2/21, 2/28)25San Jose Diridon Station (2/21, 2/28)
Database
DatabaseSlide5
5
Database
Database
Working to standardize data collection
Compare
changes over time
Compare
different locations
Easily mapped
Quickens project start-upSlide6
Data Collection Fields
Each new data collection project is organized by a single
Project ID
(2)
Each
Blockface
or Facility has another ID which codes the Location
6
Database
Project
ID
Study Area Location
City Name
Project Title
Consultant Name
Project
Month
Project
Year
Project Notes9Albany San Pablo AveAlbany MTC VPP Regional Parking Project (Albany San Pablo Ave)CDM Smith, MTCSeptember2014The MTC VPP Regional Parking Project is collecting parking data throughout the Bay Area to compile a database of parking information. http://www.mtc.ca.gov/planning/smart_growth/parking/2014.htmBlockface IDProject IDParking TypeStreet Name/Facility NameFrom StreetTo StreetSide of Street7260909on-streetState StFirst StSecond StNDatabaseSlide7
The
blockface
ID is connected to inventory and occupancy information, as well as a GIS location
7
Database
DatabaseSlide8
Each
blockface
or off-street facility has Inventory data attached to it
8
Database
DatabaseSlide9
9
Data Collection
Occupancy data is collected for each
blockface
/facility as well as for each day of collection
Fields in yellow are suggested as the minimum standard for future data
collection - flexible
DatabaseSlide10
10
Database
WebsiteSlide11
Auto-generated inventory and occupancy heat maps
Instructional worksheets to help interpret heat maps
11
Database
WebsiteSlide12
12
Database
WebsiteSlide13
Backend system and development status
Kearey Smith
13
Database
DatabaseSlide14
Questions?
14
Database
DatabaseSlide15
11 Policy Questions – focus on pricing policies
15
Policy Questions
Policy Questions
# 1 Where is local parking
supply greater than demand
, and where is local demand greater than supply, and at what prices for parking does this hold? Does this vary systematically by type of place or other criteria?
# 2 What would be the impact of
reduced parking requirements
on distribution and types of new development in different areas of the region?
# 3 How much demand exists for
housing with lower amounts of parking
? At what prices and in which areas?
# 4 What would be the impact of
unbundling
parking from rents on residential demand in urban areas, and how would it alter demand vis-à-vis less urban areas? What would be the transportation, environmental and financial impacts of a charge placed on parking spaces?
# 5 Could some planned or proposed parking
structures be downsized
through pricing and provision of other modes without negative impacts on transit ridership/revenues and downtown retail?
# 6 What would be the impact on employment location and types, and on employees’ income of a regional parking cash-out program?# 7 What are the most effective actions the regional agencies can take to support pricing parking policies? #8 Under what conditions might cities and transit agencies want to enact or enforce various priced parking policies? #9 Under what conditions do individuals perceive parking pricing policies to be appropriate?# 10 How common are the conditions that would lead to a successful local parking pricing policies in the San Francisco Bay Area?# 11 What are the specific approaches to parking pricing programs and the components that are most important for a successful program?Slide16
16
Policy Questions
Policy Questions
Policy Question
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
Introduction
a. Why
is this
question
important Draft
Report Complete
b. Who
is the audience for this question
c. Methodology overview
Analysis
a. Background and
Literature Review
b. Modeling Analysis
Work
in Progress - focus
c. Other Technical Analysis
d. Expert Panel
Analysis
June-July
Summaries and Conclusions
a. Summary of
findings, challenges
b.
Policy Recommendations
11 Policy Questions
D: Draft complete
P: In progress
F: Future workSlide17
17
Policy Questions
Policy Questions
Policy Question 1
Where is local parking supply greater than demand, and where is local demand greater than supply, and at what prices for parking does this hold? Does this vary systematically by type of place or other criteria?
Tools
Heat map of all data collection will show peak periods and “hot spots;” in addition to this information being summarized in a few brief sentences per city, our team is developing informational packets that will have workflows on how to interpret heat maps and use them to inform policy decisions.
Progress
Question
Background and Purpose
Literature Review
Best Practice Applications
Analysis of Data Collection (Using GIS)
Expert Panel
Summary and
Recommendations
August14 –May15JuneJulySlide18
18
Policy Questions
Policy Questions
Policy Question 2
What would be the impact of reduced parking requirements on distribution and types of new development in different areas of the region?
Tools
UrbanSim has been used to simulate reducing parking requirements in the region by ½ as well as eliminating parking requirements.
Progress
Question
Background and Purpose
Literature Review
Best Practice Applications
Modeling (UrbanSim)
Expert Panel
Summary and
Recommendations
February - MarchJuneJulySlide19
19
Policy Questions
Background regarding Methodology - UrbanSim
Developed by the Urban Analytics Lab at UC Berkeley
Discrete Choice Model
Transportation and Land use integration
Populate fields with local data to get context-specific modeling
Policy QuestionsSlide20
20
Policy Questions
Policy Questions
New
Residential
Growth
New
Non-Residential
Growth
In TPA
Out TPA
In TPA
Out TPA
Baseline Scenario
73.2%
26.8%
Baseline Scenario
60.0%
40.0%
Scenario 2 – reduced requirements by 1/275.4%24.6%
Scenario 2
63.1%
36.9%
Scenario
3 – eliminated parking requirements
76.7%
23.3%
Scenario 3
65.8%
34.2%
Policy Question #2 Results
- If parking requirements are reduced by ½ in the TPAs, 75.4% of new growth will occur within TPAs, 2.2% more with standard parking requirements. Slide21
21
Policy Questions
Policy Questions
Policy Question 3
How much demand exists for housing with lower amounts of parking? At what prices and in which areas?
Research & Best Practices
(
Draft
Complete)
MTC
“Choosing Where We Live”, with auto ownership by market segment, including interest in smart growth
areas
Other research and best practices
.
Additional Analysis
TransFORM
data on 65 affordable residential sites.
Progress
Question Background and PurposeLiterature ReviewBest Practice ApplicationsTransFORM Data AnalysisExpert PanelSummary and RecommendationsFebruary - MarchJuneJulySlide22
22
Policy Questions
Policy Questions
Policy Question 4
What would be the impact of unbundling parking from rents on residential demand in urban areas, and how would it alter demand vis-à-vis less urban areas? What would be the transportation, environmental and financial impacts of a charge placed on parking spaces
?
Research & Best Practices
(
Draft Complete
)
Review
of unbundled parking in San Francisco, Seattle, Arlington, Bellevue, Berkeley, and St. Louis
Literature and review of findings by Todd Litman
Foregoing
Residential Parking Permits
in the City of Hoboken, New Jersey
Carsharing & Unbundled Parking in San
Francisco
Progress
Question Background and PurposeLiterature ReviewBest Practice ApplicationsExpert PanelSummary and RecommendationsJuneJulySlide23
23
Policy Questions
Policy Questions
Policy Question 5
Could some planned or proposed parking structures be downsized through pricing and provision of other modes, without negative impacts on transit ridership/revenues and downtown retail?
Research & Best Practices (
Draft Complete
)
Tools
Travel Model One is being used to supplement research on this question. Scenarios so far have found an overall decrease in ridership when parking is eliminated at 9 subject stations, but an increase in ridership when housing at the stations is added to existing parking. Results vary considerably by location, we are assessing where and why.
Progress
Question
Background and Purpose
Literature Review
Best Practice Applications
Modeling (TMO)
Expert Panel
Summary and
Recommendations
February - AprilJuneJulySlide24
24
Policy Questions
Policy Questions
Policy Question 6
What
would be the impact on employment location and types, and on employees’ income, of a regional parking cash-out program
?
Research & Best Practices
(
Draft Complete
)
Best
practice review of parking cash-out programs, commuter benefit programs and other trip reduction strategies.
Bay Area CBO Analysis (report due June 30, 2015)
California’s
Parking Cash-out
Law
Washington’s Commute Trip Reduction
Law
Boulder Colorado Transit
PassesGenentech’s gRide Rewards program Status Question Background and PurposeLiterature ReviewBest Practice ApplicationsExpert PanelSummary and RecommendationsJuneJulySlide25
25
Policy Questions
Policy Questions
Policy Question 7
What
are the most effective actions the regional agencies can take to support pricing parking policies
?
Research & Best Practices
(Draft Complete
)
Best
practice review
of existing and proposed strategies.
Review of MTC Regional Parking Strategies for Climate Protection, other Bay Area parking policy proposals, State Transportation Control Measures (TCMs) for the Bay Area, Climate Initiatives Program, Bay Area
CBO
Analysis/cash-out policies, PDA Planning, Regional Prosperity Plan, CEQA and Parking,
transit pass
programs/TransLink for TOD, Res.
3434
TOD
Policies addressing similar goals in other locations (MPOs, states, countries) Recommendations - regional actions based on analyses, best-practices, expert inputStatus Question Background and PurposeLiterature ReviewBest Practice ApplicationsExpert Panel*Summary and RecommendationsFebruary-MarchJuneJulySlide26
26
Policy Questions
Policy Questions
Policy Question 9
Under
what conditions do individuals perceive parking pricing policies to be appropriate
?
Research & Best Practices (Draft Complete)
Review of on-the-ground and best practice methods used to understand perception, markets, responses to problems, and public opinion.
MTC’s
Choosing Where We Live
MTC 2012 Parking
Initiative
Public Outreach, Staff
Interviews and Intercept
Surveys
goBerkeley Public
Outreach
San Mateo’s Intercept Surveys and Community Outreach
Vallejo
Park and Ride survey analysisParking Benefit Districts Question Background and PurposeLiterature ReviewBest Practice ApplicationsExpert PanelSummary and RecommendationsJuneJulySlide27
27
Policy Questions
Policy Questions
Policy Question 8, 10, 11
Worksheet Tools
These
questions link several local parking pricing conditions, concepts and concerns and are considered together. They will be used as the basis of several tools and worksheets that the team is putting together to help cities interpret parking occupancy heat maps of local parking conditions.
Data observations:
Demand greater
than
supply / supply greater
than
demand
Parking is more/less
occupied in free or unregulated spaces
“Hot
spots” during peak periods causing crowding in specific
locations
High
on-street demand with available/abundant off-street
supplyUse of public streets in residential areas Question Background and PurposeLiterature Review/Best PracticesAnalysis WorksheetsAnalysis of 25 CitiesExpert PanelSummary and RecommendationsMarch - AprilMay-JuneJuneJuly10: How common are the conditions that would lead to successful local parking pricing policies in the San Francisco Bay Area?8: Under what conditions might cities and transit agencies want to enact or enforce various priced parking policies?11: What are the specific approaches to parking pricing programs and the components that are most important for a successful program?Slide28
Expert Review
Exact scheduling date is in progress – likely in June and open to TAC members to joinDonald
Shoup: UCLATodd Litman:
VTPISusan Shaheen: UC, Berkeley/ TSRCDaniel Rowe: King County Metro28
Next Steps
Policy QuestionsSlide29
29
Policy Questions
Policy Questions
Policy Questions - Final Deliverables
Final Report w/ summary findings, expert review & recommendations
for
regional parking pricing policy implementation;
outreach
Website publication (research and best practices published spring, 2015)
REPORT OUTLINE
Background
Why
is this question important
Who is the audience
How is this question addressed
Analysis
Literature review and best practices
Modeling analysis and discussion
Additional technical analysis
Expert panel
Conclusion and DiscussionSummary of findingsPolicy Recommendations Slide30
30
Policy Questions
Policy Questions
Questions?Slide31
31
Next Steps
Workshop
Time
Topic
Speaker
1:00pm
Introductions
Valerie Knepper, MTC
1:15-2:15 pm
2. Database
, website, and interpreting parking data
Detailed explanation of the VPP Parking Project’s Regional Parking Database. This will include database fields, and how the project is aiming to standardize data collection methodology and create a
single
source for parking data.
This will include an overview of how to interpret parking data and heat maps and the relationship to local parking pricing policies.
Kelly Clonts, CDM Smith
Terri O’Connor, CDM Smith
2:15-2:30 pm
Break
2:30-4pm3. Parking Policy ResearchOverview of the eleven (11) Project Policy Questions including current research efforts and findings to date. Other methods of analysis, such as best practice research and expert panel review will also be reviewed for each policy question.Terri O’Connor, CDM SmithKelly Clonts, CDM Smith4-4:30pm4. Policy Discussion and Q&A - Session will include discussion of potential regional policies for consideration by the expert panel and MTCTerri O’Connor, CDM SmithValerie Knepper, MTCWorkshop on Project Tools - April 3rdSlide32
32
Next Steps
Next StepsSlide33
33
Next Steps
Next Steps
Questions?Slide34
34
TDM Program/CMAQ Funding
TDM Program/CMAQ Funding Opportunity
TDM/CMAQ Funding