Viewing people and situations from different perspectives can lead to improved decision making and more successful outcomes Presented by Peter Oropeza psyD Learning Objectives Participants will be able to ID: 695415
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Balancing Emotional and Cognitive Empathy: Viewing people and situations from different perspectives can lead to improved decision making and more successful outcomes.
Presented by Peter Oropeza,
psy.D
.Slide2
Learning ObjectivesParticipants will be able to:Describe the components of emotional empathy, including the strengths and weaknesses associated with this type of empathy.Articulate aspects of cognitive empathy to better understand their own thinking and identify ways to gain a better understanding of others’ perspectives. Synthesize emotional and cognitive components of empathy to improve conflicts, manage relationships, and improve decision making. Slide3Slide4
So What is Empathy?According to Merriam-Websterthe imaginative projection of a subjective state into an object so that the object appears to be infused with itthe action of understanding, being aware of, being sensitive to, and vicariously experiencing the feelings, thoughts, and experience of another of either the past or present without having the feelings, thoughts, and experience fully communicated in an objectively explicit manner; Slide5
Take out MerriamWebster-Dictionary.org gives you this:Empathy - understanding and entering into another's feelingsSlide6Slide7Slide8
A Psychologist’s Take on Empathy “We should reexamine and reevaluate that very special way of being with another person, which we call empathic.” Carl Rogers, 1974 lecture on Empathy“being empathic is to perceive the internal frame of reference of another with accuracy and with the emotional components and meanings which pertain thereto…it means to sense the hurt or the pleasure of another as he senses it and to perceive the causes thereof as he perceives them…” Rogers, C.R. (1980). Empathic: An unappreciated way of being. In Carl Rogers, A Way of Being. Boston: Houghton Mifflin.Slide9
ExerciseFor the next minute or so, follow along this story of imagery. What was your reaction?Slide10
Where do Emotions and Feelings Come From?Emotions are a human, physiological reaction to stimuli. When we are exposed to a threat, our hearts begin to race, our mouths become dry, our skin turns pale and our muscles contract.Think of an example in your life when you were exposed to some kind of threat. Feelings, to not complicate things too much, are related to our interpretation of that emotional state. Slide11
Emotional Intelligence Emotional Intelligence is the capacity for recognizing our own feelings and the feelings of others, for motivating ourselves and for managing emotions well in ourselves and in othersSlide12
Development of Emotional IntelligenceMayer and SaloveyThe concept of emotional intelligence was studied by John Mayer, PhD (professor of psychology at the University of New Hampshire) and Peter Salovey, PhD (professor at Yale University). Drs. Mayer and Salovey first published a 1990 article defining emotional intelligence as “the ability to monitor one’s own and others’ feelings and emotions, to discriminate among them and to use this information to guide one’s thinking and actions.”Slide13
Daniel GolemanDaniel Goleman, PhD, in his best selling book, Emotional Intelligence: Why it Can Matter More than IQ (1996), was a New York Times best seller and popularized the concept of emotional intelligence and its application in a wide variety of environmentsGoleman’s next book titled Working with Intelligence (1998) outlines the concepts of emotional intelligence and the effective application of its concepts in the workplace. His work in the book Social Intelligence (2006) expands on these concepts.Slide14Slide15
The Case for Emotional and Social IntelligenceAccording to Goleman, individuals who can demonstrate technical expertise as well as emotional and social competence, bring to the table the ability to truly motivate and engage their workforce.Slide16
The Social/Emotional Competence FrameworkAccording to Daniel Goleman emotional competence involves our ability to manage ourselves, and our ability to manage others as follows:Emotional Intelligence (Personal Competence): How we manage ourselvesSelf-Awareness: Knowing one’s internal states, preferences, resources and intuitionsSelf-Regulation/Management: Managing one’s internal states, impulses and resourcesSocial Intelligence (Social Competence): How we handle relationshipsSocial Awareness: Cognitive and emotional empathySocial/Relationship Management: Concern and influenceSlide17
Emotional Intelligence (Personal Competence)Self Awareness involves:Truly knowing and understanding your internal state of emotions and triggersSelf Regulation involves:Managing your internal emotional states and impulsesSlide18
Cognitive EmpathyUnderstanding others perspective Listening and asking questions Slide19
Social Intelligence (Social Competence)Social AwarenessEmotional EmpathySensing others’ emotions, taking active interest in their concernsCognitive EmpathyUnderstanding others perspective Listening and asking questions Slide20
Social Intelligence (Social Competence)Social and Relationship ManagementUsing emotional competence and social awareness to: Effectively interact with other in a non-verbal wayPresent yourself effectively and establish rapportAct accordingly to others needsInspirational leadershipGuiding and motivating with a clear and compelling message (vision)Slide21
Benefits of EQ in InstitutionsInspirational leadershipGuiding and motivating with a clear and compelling message (vision)InfluenceWielding a range of tactics for persuasionDeveloping othersBolstering others’ abilities through feedback and guidance. Feedback should focus on the behavior and the impact of the behaviorConflict managementManage conflict to a good and productive resolutionBuilding bondsCultivating, teaching, and maintain quality relationshipsSlide22
EmpathyEmpathy is the extent to which one has the ability to understand and accept another’s feelings and emotions and intelligently use that understanding to forge stronger interpersonal relationships and make better decisionsAccording to Goleman, empathy-one of the basic components of emotional intelligence- is a critical part of social awareness, and, as such, the key to successful relations in lifeSlide23Slide24
Bias1. Prejudice in favor of or against one thing, person, or group compared with another, usually in a way considered to be unfair.2. A bias may be favorable or unfavorable: bias in favor of or against an idea or opinion. Slide25Slide26
Is Bias Real?Biases are often not conscious in our everyday thinking but affect how we:Feel Think Act Slide27Slide28
Biases Have Real ImpactIn 2014, high school graduation rates were 87% for white versus 73% for black students One study found that white teachers gave more critical feedback to white students than black students. Any thoughts as to the reason?One study found implicit bias can affect teaching/presentation styles of white teachers when teaching to black students. Black students were 54% less likely to be recommended for gifted-education programs.Being black, male, and looking older than your classmates are 3 factors that make a child more likely to be kicked out of preschool. Slide29
10 Common Cognitive Distortions All or nothing thinking: You look at things in absolute, black and white categoriesOvergeneralization: You view a negative event as a never-ending pattern of defeatMental Filter: You dwell on the negatives and ignore the positives.Discounting the positives: You insist that your accomplishments or positive qualities “don’t count.” Jumping to conclusions: (A) Mind Reading- You assume people are reacting negatively even without evidence; (B) Fortune Telling- You arbitrarily predict things will turn out badlyMagnification or Minimization: You blow things way out of proportion or you shrink their importance inappropriately Slide30
10 Common Cognitive Distortions Emotional Reasoning: You reason from how you feel: “I feel like an idiot, so I really must be one.” or “I feel like that person is an idiot; therefore, they really must be one.” “Should” Statements: You criticize yourself or other people with “should” or “Shouldn’ts” or “Musts” or “Oughts” Labeling: You identify with your or others shortcomings. Instead of saying, “I made a mistake” you tell yourself “I’m a loser.” Or, instead of saying “He made a mistake” you may tell yourself “He is a loser.” Personalization or Blame: You blame yourself for something you weren’t entirely responsible for, or you blame other people and overlook ways that your own attitudes and behavior might contribute to a problem.Slide31Slide32
10 Ways to Untwist Your Thinking1.Identify the DistortionWrite down your negative thoughts so you can see which of the ten cognitive distortions you’re involved in. This will make it easier to think about the problem in a more positive and realistic way.
2.
Examine
the Evidence
Instead
of assuming that your negative thought is true, examine the actual evidence for it. For Example, if you feel that you never do anything right, you could list several things you have done successfully.
3.
The Double-Standard
Method
Instead of putting yourself down
, talk to yourself in a compassionate way.
4.
The Experimental Technique
Test
your, and/or others, negative thinking.
5.
Thinking in
Shades of Grey
Think of failures
as partial successes rather than complete failures. Don’t think in extremes of 1 or 10 but rather in shadesSlide33
6.
The Survey Method
Ask people questions to find out if your thoughts and attitudes are realistic.
7.
Define Terms
Rather
than label someone as “inferior” ask your self to define “inferior.”
8.
The Semantic Method
Instead of using “Always” replace the word with “sometimes.”
9.
Re-attribution
Instead of assuming
things are “bad,” think about factors that have contributed to it. Focus on solving the problem rather than blaming.
10.
Cost-Benefit
Analysis
List advantages and disadvantages
of a feeling, negative thought, or a behavior pattern.
10 Ways to Untwist Your ThinkingSlide34
Interventions to Reduce Bias Research provides some examples of how to reduce bias….# 1?Support staff!!!! As one program illustrated, coaching regularly via video and practice exercises on how to effectively interact and discipline consistently. Staff need assistance in not offering “false“ praise. Equal opportunity for students to be involved in gifted programs Diversity of staff Administrative support and training as well.Slide35
Making a Difference in the Lives of Staff and StudentsSlide36
QUESTIONS?