PPT-Acid-Base Balance

Janis Rusin APN MSN CPNPAC Pediatric Nurse Practitioner Lurie Childrens Transport Team Objectives Discuss the mechanisms for maintaining normal acidbase balance Define respiratory and metabolic acidosis and alkalosis. MLAB 2401: Clinical Chemistry. Keri Brophy-Martinez. Terms. Acid. Any substance that can yield a hydrogen ion (H. +. ) or hydronium ion when dissolved in water. Release of proton or H. +. Base. Substance that can yield hydroxyl ions (OH. Fluid, Electrolyte, and Acid-Base Balance. 1. Body Water Content. Infants have low body fat, low bone mass, and are 73% or more water. Total water content declines throughout life. Healthy males are about 60% water; healthy females are around 50%. Acid-base balance . (H. . production = loss). Normal plasma pH: 7.35–7.45. H. . gains: many metabolic activities produce acids. CO. 2. (to carbonic acid) from aerobic respiration. Lactic acid from glycolysis. Diagnosis of acid base balance in diarrhoeic calves. Implementation in practice Dai Grove-White A historical perspective William O ’ Shaughnessy 1831 “I would expect much benefit from the frequently repeated use of the neutral salts by the mouth dissolved in large quantities of tepid water. In severe cases, in which Coakley. 2/27/2014. Quick Review: Acids. Acids are compounds which function as. hydrogen (H+) donors . in biochemical equations/solutes. The more free H+ ions available for donation, the more acidic the compound. M. . Gardner. Copyright2/4/2013. ACID /BASE BALANCE. In order to meet homeostasis, the body fluids must maintain a stable chemical balance of hydrogen ions in body fluids.. This is done by regulating their acidity /alkalinity. . Learning Objectives. Describe . what is meant by acids, bases and . buffers. List . normal pH of the body fluids. . Describe . the processes involved in maintenance of normal blood pH. .. Describe . various types of acidosis and alkalosis. OR. Regulation of Blood . pH. Dr. Anissa Atif Mirza. Synopsis. Introduction. Sources of Acids and Bases in body. What is Acid Base Balance?. Mechanisms Regulating Blood pH.. Significance of Maintaining Acid Base Balance. For cells to function optimally, . a steady balance . between the acids and the bases . is necessary.. Acid-base balance represents homeostasis of hydrogen (H+) ion . concentration in . body fluids. . . . . Asst. Prof. Dr. Dalya Basil. Disorders of Acid-Base Balance. There are two types of acid-base disorders: . Schedule. Intro. Why the pH value of body fluids must be “defended”. Defining pH. Logarithms . (see appendix). Acidosis and alkalosis. Biological Buffers and the Henderson-. Hasselbalch. equation. Many critical illnesses can disturb acid-base balance.. Acid-base disturbances may indicate an underlying disease or organ damage.. Accurate interpretation of acid-base disturbances requires the following:. This lecture presents the basic concepts of pharmaceutical inorganic chemistry with emphasis on the description, mechanisms and uses of various pharmaceutical products which are clinically used to correct various body disorders. The major topics to be covered are acids and bases, intra and extra cellular electrolytes, the gastrointestinal agents and topical agents frequently employed in the conversion of drugs to chemical forms convenient to their product formulations.. Acid-base balance.  . * Acids are electrolytes that release hydrogen ions (H+) when they are dissolved in water.. * Bases are electrolytes are release hydroxide ions (OH-) when they are dissolved in water..