Leah . Cooper. Department . of Pediatrics, University of British Columbia & Child and Family Research Institute, BC Children's . Hospital. Outline. Background. Protein. Amino . Acids. Indicator Amino Acid Oxidation Technique. ID: 598089
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Presentations text content in Nonessential Amino Acid Metabolism in Healthy Adult Males
Slide1
Nonessential Amino Acid Metabolism in Healthy Adult Males
Leah CooperDepartment of Pediatrics, University of British Columbia & Child and Family Research Institute, BC Children's Hospital
Slide2
Outline
Background
Protein
Amino
Acids
Indicator Amino Acid Oxidation Technique
Objective & Hypothesis
Methods
3 Steps in Study
Results
Conclusion
Future
Directions
Slide3
Background - Protein
Structural
component of the bodyEnzymes, Hormones, Neurotransmitters, Transport MoleculesMade of 20 Amino AcidsNeed all 20 in correct proportions for protein synthesis to occur in the body
is the primary determinant of total protein requirement
If total amino nitrogen is inadequate, synthesis of nonessential amino acids and thus protein is less than maximal
Slide7
Some nonessential amino acids (NEAA) may supply nitrogen better than othersRose et al. (1948) showed increased growth by 70-75% in rats fed essential amino acids (EAA) + NEAARechcigl et al. (1957) showed different growth rates in ratsGlutamate gave the largest increase in growthFollowed by Alanine, Aspartate, Asparagine, Proline, and GlutamineSmallest increases in growth were Glycine and Serine
to supply Nitrogen to the body for the de novo synthesis of the other NEAA and for protein
Slide10
Methods
Slide11
Preliminary Study
Target Population: Healthy adult males Between the ages 20-40classified as normal body weight and BMI (18.5-25 kg/m2)Background Information: Medical & Dietary historiesAnthropometric measurementsBody composition Resting energy expenditure (REE) Informed consent
Slide12
Methods
Slide13
2 days prior to each study dayAdaptation diets contain a protein intake of 1.0 g/kg and a caloric intake of 1.7 × REE Provided as 6 milkshakes.
Adaptation
products.nestle.ca
Slide14
Methods
Slide15
10 Study DaysRandomizedDiet: The Base Diet (0.34 g/kg/day) Only EAAThe Base Diet + 1 NEAA (0.73 g/kg/day) 50:50 ratio of EAA: NEAA 5th Meal starts the isotope tracer protocol with an oral dose of L-1-13C- Phenylalanine
Study Day Diet
Base + ALA
BASE (EAA)
Base + SER
Week 1
Week 2
Base + GLN
BASE + PRO
Base + ARG
Week 4
Week 5
Etc…for 10 weeks
Study Day 1 Study Day 2 Study Day 3
Study Day 4 Study Day 5 Study Day 6
Slide16
Study Day Sampling
Sample Collection
Breath and Urine
Baseline
Isotopic Steady State
Carbon dioxide production (VCO2)
Slide17
13CO2 oxidation values analyzed using repeated measures ANOVA (Graphpad PRISM)
Sample Analysis & Statistics
Multi-flow
Continuous Isotope Ratio Mass Spectrometer
Slide18
Results – 50 Study Days
Slide19
The first study to look at NEAA in humansWe suggest all NEAA can satisfy the metabolic demand for total nitrogen.
Conclusion
Slide20
Determine whether a difference in NEAA metabolic demand exists in more vulnerable populations
Future Directions
www.vancitychiro.com
Slide21
Acknowledgments
Dr. Rajavel ElangoLab membersAjinomoto Inc. Co.Child and Family Research InstituteUniversity of British ColumbiaAll my participants!
Slide22
Rose, W.C., Oesterling, M.J., and Womack, M. (1948). Comparative growth on diets containing ten and nineteen amino acids with further observations upon the role of glutamic and aspartic acids. J Biol Chem 176: 753-762.Rechcigl Jr., M., Loosli, J. K., Williams, H. H. (1957). The net utilization of non-specific nitrogen sources for the synthesis of non-essential amino acids I. Growth and nitrogen utilization. J Nutr 63: 177-192.Millward DJ. Methodological considerations. Proc Nutr Soc 2001;60: 3–5. Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations. Energy and Protein Requirements (1991).
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DownloadNote - The PPT/PDF document "Nonessential Amino Acid Metabolism in He..." is the property of its rightful owner. Permission is granted to download and print the materials on this web site for personal, non-commercial use only, and to display it on your personal computer provided you do not modify the materials and that you retain all copyright notices contained in the materials. By downloading content from our website, you accept the terms of this agreement.
Presentations text content in Nonessential Amino Acid Metabolism in Healthy Adult Males
Nonessential Amino Acid Metabolism in Healthy Adult Males
Leah CooperDepartment of Pediatrics, University of British Columbia & Child and Family Research Institute, BC Children's Hospital
Slide2Outline
Background
Protein
Amino
Acids
Indicator Amino Acid Oxidation Technique
Objective & Hypothesis
Methods
3 Steps in Study
Results
Conclusion
Future
Directions
Slide3Background - Protein
Structural
component of the bodyEnzymes, Hormones, Neurotransmitters, Transport MoleculesMade of 20 Amino AcidsNeed all 20 in correct proportions for protein synthesis to occur in the body
www.onlymyhealth.com
Slide4Background – Amino Acids
www.thehealthsite.com
www.rpi.edu
Slide5Background - Evolution
http://
www.nature.com
/
scitable
/
topicpage
/an-evolutionary-perspective-on-amino-acids-14568445
Slide6Background - Nitrogen
Play many metabolic roles in the body
The requirement for
total
nitrogen
is the primary determinant of total protein requirement
If total amino nitrogen is inadequate, synthesis of nonessential amino acids and thus protein is less than maximal
Slide7Some nonessential amino acids (NEAA) may supply nitrogen better than othersRose et al. (1948) showed increased growth by 70-75% in rats fed essential amino acids (EAA) + NEAARechcigl et al. (1957) showed different growth rates in ratsGlutamate gave the largest increase in growthFollowed by Alanine, Aspartate, Asparagine, Proline, and GlutamineSmallest increases in growth were Glycine and Serine
Background – Nitrogen Supply
Slide8Background - Indicator Amino Acid Oxidation Technique
Previous Methods (N balance) were long in duration, very invasive and impractical
The stable isotope based IAAO is rapid, minimally invasive and accurate
IAAO measures the
oxidation of
the tracer
13
C-PHE to
13
CO
2
in breath
O
xidation
is inversely proportional to protein
synthesis
High Oxidation = Low Protein Synthesis
Slide9Objective:
To
determine the metabolic demand
of
9 of the
NEAA
using
the indicator amino acid oxidation (IAAO) method in healthy adult
males
Hypothesis:
There will be
a
hierarchy
among the 9 NEAA,
more specifically
Alanine, Arginine, Asparagine, Aspartate, Glutamine, Glutamate, Glycine,
Proline
,
and
Serine
,
to supply Nitrogen to the body for the de novo synthesis of the other NEAA and for protein
Slide10Methods
Slide11Preliminary Study
Target Population: Healthy adult males Between the ages 20-40classified as normal body weight and BMI (18.5-25 kg/m2)Background Information: Medical & Dietary historiesAnthropometric measurementsBody composition Resting energy expenditure (REE) Informed consent
Slide12Methods
Slide132 days prior to each study dayAdaptation diets contain a protein intake of 1.0 g/kg and a caloric intake of 1.7 × REE Provided as 6 milkshakes.
Adaptation
products.nestle.ca
Slide14Methods
Slide1510 Study DaysRandomizedDiet: The Base Diet (0.34 g/kg/day) Only EAAThe Base Diet + 1 NEAA (0.73 g/kg/day) 50:50 ratio of EAA: NEAA 5th Meal starts the isotope tracer protocol with an oral dose of L-1-13C- Phenylalanine
Study Day Diet
Base + ALA
BASE (EAA)
Base + SER
Week 1
Week 2
Base + GLN
BASE + PRO
Base + ARG
Week 4
Week 5
Etc…for 10 weeks
Study Day 1 Study Day 2 Study Day 3
Study Day 4 Study Day 5 Study Day 6
Slide16Study Day Sampling
Sample Collection
Breath and Urine
Baseline
Isotopic Steady State
Carbon dioxide production (VCO2)
Slide1713CO2 oxidation values analyzed using repeated measures ANOVA (Graphpad PRISM)
Sample Analysis & Statistics
Multi-flow
Continuous Isotope Ratio Mass Spectrometer
Slide18Results – 50 Study Days
Slide19The first study to look at NEAA in humansWe suggest all NEAA can satisfy the metabolic demand for total nitrogen.
Conclusion
Slide20Determine whether a difference in NEAA metabolic demand exists in more vulnerable populations
Future Directions
www.vancitychiro.com
Slide21Acknowledgments
Dr. Rajavel ElangoLab membersAjinomoto Inc. Co.Child and Family Research InstituteUniversity of British ColumbiaAll my participants!
Slide22Rose, W.C., Oesterling, M.J., and Womack, M. (1948). Comparative growth on diets containing ten and nineteen amino acids with further observations upon the role of glutamic and aspartic acids. J Biol Chem 176: 753-762.Rechcigl Jr., M., Loosli, J. K., Williams, H. H. (1957). The net utilization of non-specific nitrogen sources for the synthesis of non-essential amino acids I. Growth and nitrogen utilization. J Nutr 63: 177-192.Millward DJ. Methodological considerations. Proc Nutr Soc 2001;60: 3–5. Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations. Energy and Protein Requirements (1991).
References
Slide23QUESTIONS ??
Thank you for listening !!
Slide24Study Diet
Study Day Base Diet
Slide25