PPT-Amino Acid Synthesis

Stryer Short Course Chapter 31 Nitrogen fixation Bacteria Nitrogenase Costly16 ATP per N 2 molecule Assimilation into Amino Acids In microorganismsplants assimilation of ammonia is keysynthesis of most amino acids. Prepared By. Dr. Khalid Ahmad Shadid. Chemistry Department . Islamic university in . madinah. . 1. Introduction. Internal treatment of diseases of microbial origin by the use of chemical compounds which have a specific toxicity to the infecting micro-organisms but are relatively harmless to the infected host is known as . Plants and bacteria produce all of their amino acids using NH. 4. +. and NO. 3. –. .. Humans can synthesize 9 of the 20 amino acids found in their proteins.. Nonessential amino acids are synthesized in the body, while essential amino acids must be obtained from diet.. Identify and compare DNA and RNA.. Explain the three types of RNA.. Demonstrate understanding using codon and anticodon sequences.. Objectives. Protein Synthesis. Protein Synthesis. DNA contains . genes. Protein synthesis . is simply the "making of proteins." . In order to make even one protein. the body must seek the aid of messenger RNA, transfer RNA, DNA, amino acids, ribosomes, and multiple enzymes. . What to Know. What is the Metabolic Fate of Ammonium?. How is Escherichia coli Glutamine Synthetase regulated?. Understand general ways that organisms synthesize amino acids. Know the definition of essential versus nonessential amino acids. DR AMINA . BIOCHEMISTRY. All tissues have some capability for synthesis of:. The non-essential amino acids,. Amino acid remodeling, . and Conversion of non-amino acid carbon skeletons into amino acids and other derivatives that contain nitrogen. . 1. . Overview. The catabolism of the amino acids involves:. Removal of α-amino groups. . Breakdown of the resulting carbon skeletons.. The resulting compounds will be used to form seven intermediate products: . Approximately 75% are reutilized.. The excess nitrogen forms urea.. Proteins represent 10-15 % of total energy supply.. Digestion and Absorption of Proteins.. The . α. -amino group of many amino acids is transferred to . UNIT IV:. Nitrogen Metabolism. Part . 3. Neonatal screening and diagnosis of PKU: . Early . diagnosis of phenylketonuria is important because the disease is treatable by dietary means. . Because of the lack of neonatal symptoms, laboratory testing for elevated blood levels of phenylalanine is mandatory for detection. . GLYCINE. Glycine is the . simplest . amino acid. Chemically it is “. amino acetic acid. . ".. It is non-essential amino acid and can be synthesized in . tissues. . Though it is non- essential but it is an important amino acid as it forms many biologically important compounds in the body.. I. RNA [13.1]. A. Describe RNA – . Ribonucleic Acid. B. Differences between DNA and RNA. DNA. RNA. Deoxyribose. Ribose. Double-stranded. Single-stranded. G, C, A, Thymine. G, C, A, Uracil. . C. Types of RNA. (N. utritionally. . Essential & Nutritionally Non Essential Amino . Acids ). Lecture : 4. Dr. . Shaimaa. . Munther. Nutritionally Essential & Nutritionally Non Essential Amino Acids . Introduction: . Transcription is the process by which the information in a strand of DNA is copied into a new molecule of messenger RNA (mRNA. ).. DNA unzips to open the codes that need to be make certain proteins.. Metabolic relationship of Amino Acids. Biosynthesis of Amino Acids. The carbon skeletons of many amino acids may be derived from metabolites in central pathways, allowing the biosynthesis of some, but not all, the amino acids in humans.