PPT-21.6 The Genetic Code and Protein Synthesis

The function of the different types of RNA in the cell is to facilitate the task of synthesizing proteins An activated tRNA with anticodon AGU bonds to serine at the acceptor stem Learning Goal . GO TO . BIOINTERACTIVE WEBSITE. DNA replication questions. Why is DNA replication so important?. In what part of the cell cycle does DNA replication occur?. What enzyme brings in the new DNA nucleotides that form complimentary pairs with the old DNA strand?. 36. Which . of the following statements best describes the structure of DNA. ?. A. . Two strands of proteins are held together by sugar . molecules. , . nitrogen bases, and . phosphate groups.. B. . DNA is made of long chains of . nucleotides. each nucleotide has 3 parts:. 1. . deoxyribose. . sugar. 2. . phosphate group. 3. . nitrogenous base.  . DNA Components. there are . 4. possible nitrogen bases:.  RNA and Protein Synthesis. Genes. are coded . DNA. instructions that control the production of . proteins. . DNA is like the master plan.. RNA. contains coded information for making proteins.. RNA . Identify and compare DNA and RNA.. Explain the three types of RNA.. Demonstrate understanding using codon and anticodon sequences.. Objectives. Protein Synthesis. Protein Synthesis. DNA contains . genes. Protein Synthesis. Protein Synthesis. DNA contains . genes. sequences . of nucleotide bases. These Genes code for . polypeptides (proteins). Proteins. are. used . to build cells and do much of the work inside cells. Protein synthesis . is simply the "making of proteins." . In order to make even one protein. the body must seek the aid of messenger RNA, transfer RNA, DNA, amino acids, ribosomes, and multiple enzymes. . Chapter 13: RNA and Protein Synthesis. The Genetic Code. The first step in decoding genetic messages is transcribing DNA into RNA. The RNA contains the code for making a protein. Proteins are made by joining together amino acids into long chains called . Learning Objectives. Identify. . the genetic code and explain how it is read.. Summarize. . the process of translation.. Describe. . the . central dogma of molecular biology.. The Genetic Code. RNA has four bases: adenine, cytosine, guanine, and uracil. These bases form a . Ryan Collins, Gerissa Fowler, Sean Gamberg, Josselyn Hudasek, & Victoria Mackey. Timeline Leading up to Nirenberg's 1966 paper. . 1859:. Charles Darwin published his book “The Origin of Species”. Assistant Professor (. Agril. . Botany). D.B.C.A., . Sulcorna. , . Quepem. , Goa. DON BOSCO COLLEGE OF AGRICULTURE, SULCORNA, QUEPEM, GOA. (Affiliated to Goa University). B.Sc. (. Hons. ) Agriculture. S P T SCIENCE COLLEGE. (SHRI GOVIND GURU UNIVERSITY). Genetic code is the term . used . for the way . . the four bases of DNA--the A, C, G, and Ts--are . strung/arranged . together in a way that the cellular machinery, the ribosome, can read them and turn them into a protein. THE GENETIC CODE373in protein Dounce6 proposed that three adjacent bases in RNA correspondto one amino acid in protein. In addition, the concepts of polarity of transla-tion and activation of amino ac A typical tRNA molecule has a cloverleaf shape when hydrogen bonds form between complementary bases within the tRNA. The acceptor stem attaches to an amino acid and its anticodon bonds with a codon on mRNA..