by Marwa Alhazeen Khadeeja A bu Hwichel Sara Kouta Ekhlas Abu Safia Nuha Abu Khater Yasmeen Abu Issa Safaa Zino Noor Alnono Labour child birth the process of delivering a baby the placenta membranes and umbilical cord from the uterus to vagina to ID: 805510
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Slide1
Induced labour drugs
Done
by:
Marwa
Alhazeen
Khadeeja
A
bu
Hwichel
Sara
Kouta
Ekhla’s
Abu
Safia
Nuha
Abu
Khater
Yasmeen Abu
Issa
Safaa
Zino
Noor Alnono
Slide2Labour: child birth, the process of delivering a baby, the placenta, membranes and umbilical cord from the uterus to vagina to the outside world.
Slide3Labour done during three stages:1. stage one( called dilation)
the cervix dilates fully to a diameter of about 10cm.
2.Stage
two(called expulsion)
The baby moves out by uterus contractions through the cervix and vagina to be born.
3. Stage three: begins after a complete delivery of baby, and ends when the placenta and membranes are expelled.
Slide4There are a wide range of reasons that a women may take medication during labour and birth:To induce labourTo speed up labourTo relieve pain during labour
To speed expulsion of the placenta
To halt
postpartum
haemorrhage
Slide5Oxytoxic Drug: Oxytocin - Prostaglandin
Indecation
of using
oxytoxic
drug:
Premature rupture of membrane
Uteroplacental
insufficiency
Maternal diabetes
Preclampsia
and
clampsia
Post term pregnancy
IUGR
Fasting the slow
labour
تحفيز البدء بعملية الولادة لإمرأة لم تبدأ بالأعراض
Side effects
: uterine overstimulation- uterine rupture- fetal hypoxia- hypotension- water intoxication.
Slide6Drugs that used during labour:
Prostaglandin (
Denoprostone
)
We give it in first stage of labour to
Dilation of cervix prior labour
Induce contractions and speed labour
Used specially in hypertensive or G.D.M
womens
Dose:
3ml
administerted as (suppository, vaginal, gel).
Slide7Oxytocine ( pitocin, syntocinon)
We give it in second stage of labour to:
Induce and
speed up labour
Halt postpartum haemorrhage
Speed
expulsion
of the
placenta
DOSE:
Administer it by I.V infusion very slowly( about 8 drops per 1 minute), put
oxytocine in N/S or dextrose 5%.Antagonist:
Tractocile
Slide8Cytotec(Misoprostol)Synthetic
prostaglandin, used in the second stage to:
Induce and speed labour
Halt postpartum
hemorrhage
May use it in gastrointestinal ulcers
Dose:
200mg
administered
as (vaginal,
rectal
suppository, sublingual tablet)The risk of uterine rupture increases with advantage gestational ages & with prior uterine surgery.
Slide9Methergine Used
in third stage after complete delivery
because
it closes cervix
Uses:
to
prevent or control
postpartum
hemorrhage
To speed
expulsion
of the placentaDose: ,2 mg (IV
, IM, Orally)
Side effects:
hypertension, seizures, N&V, coronary artery vasoconstriction, pulmonary hypertension
Contraindication:
DVT, Asthma, HTN
, Cardiac
disease
.
Slide10syntometrineBelongs to a group of
oxytocics
We give it immediately after delivery of baby or when see the
baby's
shoulder
(in
third
stage)
We use it to:
Help the delivery of placenta
Prevent or control bleeding after delivery. Dose: ,5-1 ml by
(IV or IM)
Side effects:
Hypertension, headache, rash, dizziness, chest pain.
Slide11OxygenAdministrated through an oxygen mask to labouring moms, to help mother deliver oxygen to her baby.
Oxygen mask might be given quickly if baby's heart rate is dropping due to fetal distress.
Slide12There is a range of options for pain relief in labour including non medical techniques and medical pain relief options.1.Non medical techniques
:
help to reduce pain, reduce anxiety and help to better cope with labour, techniques such as:
exercise
gently and regularly during pregnancy, breathing techniques, warm shower, massage.
2. Medical pain relief options:
in
general there are two types of pain relief:
1
. Analgesics
: lessen pain without loss of feeling or muscle movement.
2.
Anesthetics: relieve pain by loss of sensation.
Pain relief medications can either be:
1. Systemic:
affect the entire body without loss of consciousness.
2. Regional:
affect a region of the body.
3. Local:
affect only small area of the body.
Pain management
Slide13Options that may be used in delivery:
Epidural
block
: is the local
anesthesia
or analgesic used for vaginal birth and also for
caesarean
sections, pain medications are given through a tube placed in the space at the base of the spine.
Spinal block
: is a regional
anesthesia
used in CS only, pain medication are administered into the spinal fluid.General anaesthesia: mother is completely a sleep and doesn't have sensation or consciousness, used only in caesarean.
Slide14Analgesics: drugs that relieve pain without loss of muscle function, such as:
Pethedine
Is a strong pain reliever (analgesics)
Used in labour to relieve pain and help in dilation of cervix prior to labour.
Give it as I.M or I.V slowly injections.
It can cause nausea, so we administer anti nausea
medication at
the same
time (
Pramine
)Other side effects:Respiratory depression for mom and baby.
Slide15Hyoscine(
Scabotyl
)
Antispasm
, relieving spasm in the smooth muscles of gastrointestinal tract, biliary, urinary tract and female
genital organs.
Promethazine: (Phenergan)
Antihistamine and antiemetic.
Slide16hyoscine &
phenergan
We use
hyoscine
and
phenergan
together in first stage to:
Soften and dilate the cervix
Shortens
the
duration of first stage (dilation of cervix)Decrease of labour pain. DOSE: Inject of 25mg of phenergan
I.M in dilatation 3-5cm.
Inject 20mg of
hyoscine
I.M in
dilatation 3-5cm.
Slide17Dexamethasone(decort)
It
is a part of corticosteroids (anti inflammatory)
We may use it in case of allergy caused by
hyoscine
Use it in unexpected premature labour, to stimulation of
fetal
lung maturation (bronchodilator)
Decrease number of neonates with respiratory distress syndrome and improve survival in preterm delivered neonates.
Help in relieve pain during labour.