HYPERTENSION BLOOD pressure that is above normal for sustained period Most common health problem In adults and the leading cause of cardiovascular disorder Hypertension is the term used to describe high blood pressure ID: 779231
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Slide1
THE SILENT KILLER
HYPERTENSION
Slide2HYPERTENSION
BLOOD pressure that is above normal for sustained period
.
Most common health problem In adults and the leading cause of cardiovascular disorder.
Slide4Hypertension is the term used to describe high blood pressure. Amedical condition in which constricted arterial blood
vessels
Slide5increase the resistance to blood flow, causing an increase in blood pressure against vessel walls.
Slide6SIGNS AND SYMPTOMS
Most of the time, there are no symptoms.
Asymptomatic.
Idiopathic.
Slide7Symptoms that may occur include
:
Confusion
Ear noise or buzzing
Fatigue
Headache
Slide8Irregular heartbeat
Nosebleed
Vision changes
Shorthness
of breath
Decrease energy
Slide9ETIOLOGY
Hypertension is
classified
into primary and secondary hypertension. Primary no definite cause.
Slide10increase the resistance to blood flow, causing an increase in blood pressure against vessel walls.
Slide11Secondary hypertension it usually the result of some other primary diseases leading to hypertension such as
renal
disease.
Slide12Primary hypertension is attributed to atherosclerosis.
Slide13PATHOPHYSIOLOGY
KIDNEY: release
renin
into the bloodstream.
LIVER: rennin helps convert
angiotensin
to
angiotensin
I
Slide14LUNGS:
angiotensin
I is converted to
angiotensin
II
KIDNEY:
angiotensine
II causes arterial constriction and
aldosterone
secretion.
Slide15ALDOSTERONE : cause sodium and water retention
Retained sodium and water increase
blod
volume.
Slide16Arterial constriction increases peripheral vascular resistance.
Increased blood volume and vascular resistance cause hypertension.
Slide17RISK FACTORS
Family history
Sedentary lifestyle
Obesity
Continual stress
Slide18Advancing
age
Cigarette smoking
Excessive Alcohol consumption
High K intake, ca
, and mg
Slide19High- fat and calorie diet
Stress
Use of contraceptive drugs
Slide20TREATMENT
Diuretics
Ex
.
Hydrochlorothiazide
(
aldoril
,
aproside
)
Furosemide
(
lasix
)
Slide21Beta blockers
Ex.
Atenol
(
tenormin
)
Metoprolol
(
lopressor
)
Slide22ACE inhibitors and
Angiotensin
II receptor blockers
Ex.
Benazepril
(
lotensin
)
Quinapril
(
accupril
)
Slide23Calcium channel blockers
Ex.
Captopril
(
capoten
,
capozide
)
Enalapril
(
vasotec
,
vaseretic
)
Slide24Sympathetic Nerve Blocker
Slide25Exercise regularly
.
Reduce
stress.
Stay at a healthy body
weight.
Slide26NURSING INTERVENTION
DASH type can decrease or lower BP @ 2
weeks.
Stay away for the fast
food.
Slide27If you smoke,
quit!
Limit how much alcohol you drink -- 1 drink a day for women, 2 a day for men.
Slide28Eat a heart-healthy diet, including K and fiber, and drink plenty of water.
Limit the amount of Na you eat
Slide29If you have diabetes, keep your blood sugar under control.
Lose weight if you are overweight. Excess weight adds to strain on the heart. In some.
Slide30DIAGNOSE
The best way to diagnose hypertension is to check your BP frequently.
Slide31That’s all
THANK YOU!
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