Using the Internet Making the Most of the Webs Resources Copyright 2012 Pearson Education Inc Publishing as Prentice Hall 2 Chapter Topics History of the Internet Forms of Internet communication ID: 658409
Download Presentation The PPT/PDF document "1 Technology in Action Chapter 3" is the property of its rightful owner. Permission is granted to download and print the materials on this web site for personal, non-commercial use only, and to display it on your personal computer provided you do not modify the materials and that you retain all copyright notices contained in the materials. By downloading content from our website, you accept the terms of this agreement.
Slide1
1Slide2
Technology in Action
Chapter 3Using the Internet: Making the Most of the Web’s Resources
Copyright ©
2012 Pearson
Education, Inc. Publishing as Prentice Hall
2Slide3
Chapter Topics
History of the InternetForms of Internet communicationWeb entertainmentE-commerce
Web browsers
URLs
Hyperlinks
Copyright ©
2012 Pearson
Education, Inc. Publishing as Prentice Hall
3Slide4
Chapter Topics (cont.)
Search enginesImproving search resultsEvaluating Web sitesData traveling across Internet
Connecting to the Internet
Copyright ©
2012 Pearson
Education, Inc. Publishing as Prentice Hall
4Slide5
History of the Internet
Developed for secure military communicationsEvolved from Advanced Research Projects Agency Network (ARPANET)Funded by the U.S. government in the 1960sEnabled computers at leading universities and research organizations to communicate with each other
Copyright ©
2012 Pearson
Education, Inc. Publishing as Prentice Hall
5Slide6
The Web vs. the Internet
The Web is part of the Internet, distinguished byCommon communication protocols
Navigation links
1989: Web invented by Tim Berners-Lee
1993: Mosaic browser released
1994: Netscape Navigator marked beginning of the Web’s major growth
1997: Internet access was global
Copyright ©
2012 Pearson
Education, Inc. Publishing as Prentice Hall
6Slide7
Internet Communications
E-mailInstant messagingGroup communicationSocial networkingWeb logs and video logs
Wikis
Podcasts
Webcasts
Copyright ©
2012 Pearson
Education, Inc. Publishing as Prentice Hall
7Slide8
E-Mail
Electronic mailAsynchronous communicationTypes of e-mail accountsClient-based (requires client e-mail software)
Web-based (doesn’t require software)
Not private
Can be printed or forwarded
Employer can monitor
Copyright ©
2012 Pearson
Education, Inc. Publishing as Prentice Hall
8Slide9
E-mail Etiquette
Be concise and to the pointUse spell-checkAvoid texting abbreviationsInclude meaningful subject line
Use
smilies
sparingly to convey emotion
Include signature line with contact information
Do not type in all capital letters, which is interpreted as shouting
Copyright ©
2012 Pearson
Education, Inc. Publishing as Prentice Hall
9Slide10
Instant Messaging
Real-time, text-based conversationsPersonal and business usesList of contacts: buddy listIM software detects members’ presence
Example: AOL Instant Messenger
Copyright ©
2012 Pearson
Education, Inc. Publishing as Prentice Hall
10Slide11
Group Communication
Chat roomsNewsgroupsBlogs and vlogsWikis
Podcasts and webcasts
Social networks
Copyright ©
2012 Pearson
Education, Inc. Publishing as Prentice Hall
11Slide12
Chat Rooms and Newsgroups
Chat roomsReal-time, text-based conversationsCan focus on specific topics or interests or be general interest
Username can allow anonymous interaction
Newsgroups
Online discussion forums
Members post and reply to messages
Create or respond to “threads”
Copyright ©
2012 Pearson
Education, Inc. Publishing as Prentice Hall
12Slide13
Netiquette
Introducing yourself when entering a chat roomSpecifically address the person to whom you are talkingRefrain from swearing, name-calling, and using explicit or prejudiced language
Do not post the same text repeatedly with the intent to disrupt the chat, a behavior called
flooding
Copyright ©
2012 Pearson
Education, Inc. Publishing as Prentice Hall
13Slide14
Web 2.0
Web interactions among people, software, and dataSocial web where the user is also a participantNew applications that combine the functions of multiple applications
Copyright ©
2012 Pearson
Education, Inc. Publishing as Prentice Hall
14Slide15
Social Networks
Used to communicate and share information among immediate friends, and meet and connect with others through common interests, experiences, and friends Examples: Facebook and MySpaceMembers communicate by voice, chat, IM, and videoconference
Growth has been explosive
Copyright ©
2012 Pearson
Education, Inc. Publishing as Prentice Hall
15Slide16
Blogs and Vlogs
Personal journals posted on the WebWeblogs: BlogsPrimarily text-basedSimple to create, read, and manage
Entries listed on a single page, with most recent entry at the top
Searchable
Video logs:
Vlogs
Digital video clips playable on media player software
Copyright ©
2012 Pearson
Education, Inc. Publishing as Prentice Hall
16Slide17
Wikis
Wikis: Web sites that allow anyone to change their content Provide a source for collaborative writingEliminate exchanging e-mails
Track revisions
Copyright ©
2012 Pearson
Education, Inc. Publishing as Prentice Hall
17Slide18
Podcasts
Podcasts: Compressed audio or video files distributed on the InternetReally Simple Syndication (RSS) technology allows constant updates for subscribers
Podcasts are all over the Web
Need “aggregator” software to gather podcasts
Need media player software to play them
Simple to
create
Copyright ©
2012 Pearson
Education, Inc. Publishing as Prentice Hall
18Slide19
Webcasts
Webcasts: Broadcasts of audio or video content over the InternetOften liveDelivered to your computerUse streaming media
Copyright ©
2012 Pearson
Education, Inc. Publishing as Prentice Hall
19Slide20
Twitter
Social networking and microblogging service that enables you to exchange short text messages in real time with your friends or “followers” Twitter messages, called tweets, are limited to 140 charactersBusinesses are using Twitter to respond to customer queries, or to broadcast new services or products
Copyright ©
2012 Pearson
Education, Inc. Publishing as Prentice Hall
20Slide21
Web Entertainment
MultimediaInvolves forms of media and textGraphicsAudio
Video
Streaming audio and video
Games
Multiplayer online games
Interact with other players
Copyright ©
2012 Pearson
Education, Inc. Publishing as Prentice Hall
21Slide22
E-Commerce
E-Commerce: Conducting business onlineBusiness-to-consumer (B2C)Business-to-business (B2B)Consumer-to-consumer (C2C)
Copyright ©
2012 Pearson
Education, Inc. Publishing as Prentice Hall
22Slide23
Secure Web Sites
Display:VeriSign seal (do not rely on this alone)Closed padlock or key iconURL changes from http:// to https://
Copyright ©
2012 Pearson
Education, Inc. Publishing as Prentice Hall
23Slide24
Online Shopping Guidelines
Shop at well-known, reputable sitesAvoid making online transactions when using public computersPay by credit card, not debit cardCheck the return policy
Copyright ©
2012 Pearson
Education, Inc. Publishing as Prentice Hall
24Slide25
Web Browsers
Computer softwareGraphicalEnable Web navigationPopular browsers:
Microsoft Internet
Explorer
Mozilla Firefox
Apple Safari
Google Chrome
Copyright ©
2012 Pearson
Education, Inc. Publishing as Prentice Hall
25Slide26
Browser Features
Quick Tabs: Show thumbnail images of all open Web pages in open tabs Tabbed browsing: Multiple pages available in the same browser windowBuilt-in search engine(s)
Copyright ©
2012 Pearson
Education, Inc. Publishing as Prentice Hall
26Slide27
URLs
URLUniform Resource LocatorUnique Web site address
URL
Copyright ©
2012 Pearson
Education, Inc. Publishing as Prentice Hall
27Slide28
Top-Level Domains
Copyright © 2012 Pearson Education, Inc. Publishing as Prentice Hall28
Domain Name
Who Can Use the Domain Name
.biz
Businesses
.com
Originally for commercial sites but can be used by anyone now
.
edu
Degree-granting institutions
.gov
Local, state, and United
States government
.info
Information service providers
.mil
United States military
.name
Individuals
.net
Originally for networking organizations but no longer restricted
.org
Organizations (often nonprofits)Slide29
Hyperlinks
Copyright © 2012 Pearson Education, Inc. Publishing as Prentice Hall
29Slide30
Favorites and Bookmarks
Allow you to return to Web pagesFavorites (Internet Explorer and Safari)Bookmarks (Firefox and Google Chrome)Stay up to date
Live
b
ookmarks (Firefox)
Organize and share
Social bookmarking sites
Copyright ©
2012 Pearson
Education, Inc. Publishing as Prentice Hall
30
30Slide31
Popular Search Sites
Copyright © 2012 Pearson Education, Inc. Publishing as Prentice Hall31
AltaVista
www.altavista.com
Keyword search
engine.
Clusty
www.clusty.com
Keyword search engine that groups similar results into
clusters.
ChaCha
www.chacha.com
This
site lets you chat with a real live professional guide who helps you search, and it’s free of charge
.
Also available by texting your questions to 242242.
Complete-Planet
www.completeplanet.com
Deep Web directory that searches databases not normally searched by typical search
engines.
Dogpile
www.dogpile.com
Metasearch
engine that searches Google, Yahoo!,
Bing,
and
Ask.
Excite
www.excite.com
Portal with keyword search
capabilities.
InfoMine
www.infomine.com
Subject directory of academic resources with keyword search engine
capabilities.
Rollyo
www.rollyo.com
Short for Roll Your Own Search Engine. Basically, this site lets you create your own search engine (
searchroll
) that searches just the sites you want it to search.
Open Directory Project
www.dmoz.org
Subject directory with keyword search
capabilities.
Stumbleupon
www.stumbleupon.com
Lets you rate pages thumbs up or thumbs down. As it learns your preferences, your search results improve.
Technorati
www.technorati.com
A great search engine for blog
content.Slide32
Search Engines
User types word or phrase into search boxSpider or
Web crawler
program scans Web pages
Results are indexed and sent to the
client
Different engines produce different hit lists
Multimedia search functionality is also available
Copyright ©
2012 Pearson
Education, Inc. Publishing as Prentice Hall
32Slide33
Improve Search Results
Place quotation marks around phrasesSearch within a specific Web siteEnter wild card symbols
Use the advanced search form
Copyright ©
2012 Pearson
Education, Inc. Publishing as Prentice Hall
33Slide34
What Can You Borrowfrom the Web?
AvoidPlagiarism: Representing someone else’s ideas or words as your own Copyright violation: Using another person’s material for your own economic gain Properly credit information you quote or paraphrase
Obtain written permission from copyright holder
Copyright ©
2012 Pearson
Education, Inc. Publishing as Prentice Hall
34Slide35
Evaluating Web Sites
Who is the author of the article or Web site sponsor?Is the site biased?Is the information current?Toward what audience is the site geared?Are links available?
The same information should exist on at least three different Web sites
Copyright ©
2012 Pearson
Education, Inc. Publishing as Prentice Hall
35Slide36
Internet Clients and Servers
The Internet is a client/server networkClient computerUsers connected to the InternetRequests data and Web pages
Server computer
Stores Web pages and data
Returns the requested data to the client
Internet backbone
IP addresses
Copyright ©
2012 Pearson
Education, Inc. Publishing as Prentice Hall
36Slide37
Connecting to the Internet
Dial-up connectionsBroadband connectionsDSLCableFiber-optic service
Satellite
Copyright ©
2012 Pearson
Education, Inc. Publishing as Prentice Hall
37Slide38
Broadband Connections
CableUses coaxial cable and a cable modemFast connection speed Speed depends on number of users
Not available in all areas
Copyright ©
2012 Pearson
Education, Inc. Publishing as Prentice Hall
38Slide39
Broadband Connections
Digital subscriber line (DSL)Uses telephone linesFaster than dial-up Doesn’t tie up
phone line
Requires special DSL
modem
Not available in all areas
Copyright ©
2012 Pearson
Education, Inc. Publishing as Prentice Hall
39Slide40
Broadband Connections
Fiber-optic service (FiOS)Sends light through fiber optic linesFaster than cable or DSLExpensiveAvailable only in certain areas
Copyright ©
2012 Pearson
Education, Inc. Publishing as Prentice Hall
40Slide41
Broadband Connections
SatelliteUses satellite dish and coaxial cableSlower than cable or DSLExpensiveCopyright ©
2012 Pearson
Education, Inc. Publishing as Prentice Hall
41Slide42
Wireless Access
Increases mobility and productivityRequires a WiFi hotspotIf device is not wireless-ready, wireless adaptors are available
Aircards
provide wireless access through mobile devices when a
WiFi
hotspot is not available
Copyright ©
2012 Pearson
Education, Inc. Publishing as Prentice Hall
42Slide43
Dial-Up Connections
Use standard telephone lineTie up phone lineRequire a modem to convert analog and digital signalsSlowest connection speed (56 Kbps)Lowest cost
Modern computers have internal modems built into the system unit
Copyright ©
2012 Pearson
Education, Inc. Publishing as Prentice Hall
43Slide44
Comparing Internet Connection Options
DSLAverage download speed of 1.5 MbpsMaximum download speed of 7 MbpsLets you access the Internet and talk on the same phone line simultaneouslySpeed drops as you get farther from the phone company’s central office
Not available on every phone line
Copyright ©
2012 Pearson
Education, Inc. Publishing as Prentice Hall
44Slide45
Comparing Internet Connection Options
CableAverage download speed of 5 MbpsMaximum download speed of 30 MbpsSpeeds are not dependent on distance from central officeLine is shared with others in the neighborhood
Speeds may vary due to peak/nonpeak usage
Might require professional installation if cable is not already present
Copyright ©
2012 Pearson
Education, Inc. Publishing as Prentice Hall
45Slide46
Comparing Internet Connection Options
Fiber-opticAverage download speed of 20 MbpsMaximum download speed of 50 MbpsIncreased speed
Service not shared or dependent on distance from central office
High cost, but becoming lower as the technology continues to be deployed
Not available in all areas
Copyright ©
2012 Pearson
Education, Inc. Publishing as Prentice Hall
46Slide47
Future of the Internet
Large scale networking (LSN)Research and development of cutting-edge networking and wireless technologiesInternet2Project sponsored by universities, government, and industry to develop new Internet technologies
Internet2 backbone supports transmission speeds of
up to 8.8 gigabits per second
Copyright ©
2012 Pearson
Education, Inc. Publishing as Prentice Hall
47Slide48
Future of the Internet (cont.)
Internet entrenched in daily lifeWeb-based services for personal and professional interactionsInternet-enabled appliances and systems
Copyright ©
2012 Pearson
Education, Inc. Publishing as Prentice Hall
48Slide49
Chapter 3 Summary Questions
What is the origin of the Internet?Copyright © 2012 Pearson Education, Inc. Publishing as Prentice Hall
49Slide50
How can I communicate through the Internet?
Chapter 3 Summary Questions Copyright © 2012 arson Education, Inc. Publishing as Prentice Hall
50Slide51
How do I communicate
and collaborate using Web 2.0 technologies?Chapter 3 Summary Questions Copyright © 2012 Pearson
Education, Inc. Publishing as Prentice Hall
51Slide52
What are the various kinds of multimedia files found on the Web,
and what software do I need to use them?Chapter 3 Summary Questions Copyright ©
2012 Pearson
Education, Inc. Publishing as Prentice Hall
52Slide53
What is e-commerce, and what
e-commerce safeguards protect me when I’m online? Chapter 3 Summary Questions
Copyright ©
2012 Pearson
Education, Inc. Publishing as Prentice Hall
53Slide54
What is a Web browser, and what is a URL and what are its parts?
Chapter 3 Summary QuestionsCopyright © 2012 Pearson Education, Inc. Publishing as Prentice Hall
54Slide55
How can I use hyperlinks and other tools to get around the Web?
Chapter 3 Summary Questions Copyright © 2012 Pearson Education, Inc. Publishing as Prentice Hall
55Slide56
How do I search the Internet effectively, and how can I evaluate Web sites?
Chapter 3 Summary Questions Copyright © 2012 Pearson Education, Inc. Publishing as Prentice Hall
56Slide57
How does data travel on the Internet?
Chapter 3 Summary Questions Copyright © 2012 Pearson Education, Inc. Publishing as Prentice Hall
57Slide58
What are my options for connecting to the Internet?
Chapter 3 Summary Questions Copyright © 2012 Pearson Education, Inc. Publishing as Prentice Hall
58Slide59
59
All rights reserved. No part of this publication may be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system, or transmitted, in any form or by any means, electronic, mechanical, photocopying, recording, or otherwise, without the prior written permission of the publisher. Printed in the United States of America.
Copyright ©
2012 Pearson
Education, Inc.
Publishing as Prentice Hall