DR K Smith PharmD MPH Nonmaleficence Translation FIRST DO NO HARM What constitutes harm Its different based on the differences in how people think or perceive things Lets look at each one ID: 613760
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Slide1
A Review of Principles
DR. K. Smith,
PharmD
, MPHSlide2
Nonmaleficence
Translation…..
“ FIRST DO NO HARM”
What constitutes harm? It’s different based on the differences in how people think or perceive things. Let’s look at each one.
Utilitarianism/Grady
Deontology
Virtue Ethicists
Ethical Egoists
Natural Law
Translation……..”First do no harm”
Examples of what harm is?
Based on what??Slide3
CONSEQUENTIALISM
also known as UTILITARIANISM
The class of normative ethical theories holding that the consequences of one's conduct are the ultimate basis for any judgment about the rightness or wrongness of that conduct
.
It is the doctrine that the morality of an action is to be judged solely by its consequences
.Slide4
TYPES OF UTILITARIANISM/CONSEQUENTIALISM
Act Consequentialism is the view that an action is right if
and only
if it maximizes the good for the greatest number of people
Rule Consequentialism is the view that the rightness of an act depends not on the goodness of its consequences, but on whether or not it is in accordance with a certain code of rules, which has been selected for its good consequences.
Yes, Utilitarianism = Consequentialism
CONSEQUETIALISTS BELIEVE THAT HARM IS THAT WHICH PREVENTS GOOD Slide5
DEONTOLOGY
It is sometimes described as
"duty-based"
or
"obligation-based"
ethics, because
Believe that harm prevents you from doing your moral duty
Deontologists, whether a
situation is good or bad depends on whether the action that brought it about
was right or wrong.
Deontologists believe that ethical rules
bind
people to their
dutySlide6
VIRTUE ETHICS
Virtue ethics
is person rather than action based
it looks at the
virtue
or moral character of the person carrying out an action, rather than at
ethical duties and rules, or the consequences of particular actions
.Believe that harm leads you away from using high moral characterSlide7
ETHICAL EGOISTS
Believe that harm goes against your self interest
Believe that moral people ought to do what is in their OWN self-interestSlide8
NATURAL LAW
The natural law approach to solving ethical dilemmas begins with the basic belief that everyone has the
right to live their life
.
natural law theorists draw a line between an innocent life and the life of an 'unjust aggressor.‘
The natural law theory recognizes the legal and moral concept of self-defense, which is often used to justify acts of warSlide9
Additional Principles
Autonomy
SELF RULE
Beneficence
BENEFIT OF OTHERS
Justice
FAIRNESSSlide10
PROCEDURAL JUSTICE
Due process
You get your “turn”Slide11
DISTRIBUTIVE JUSTICE
Balancing benefit and burden
Resource allocation is an example of a major topic