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Early American Explorers Early American Explorers

Early American Explorers - PowerPoint Presentation

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Early American Explorers - PPT Presentation

and the Age of Discovery How did it all begin Lesson Objectives To explain the Age of DiscoveryAge of Exploration To understand the causes and effects of European colonization in the United States ID: 536506

age world explorers discovers world age discovers explorers exploration united explorer discovery states river great explores people empire countries

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Slide1

Early American Explorersand the Age of Discovery

How did it all begin?Slide2

Lesson ObjectivesTo explain the Age of Discovery/Age of Exploration.

To understand the causes and effects of European colonization in the United States.To understand location and patterns of settlements and the geographic factors that influence where people live.

To understand the economic patterns of early societies.Slide3

Explorer Vocabulary

Explorer – someone who travels to gain geographic or scientific knowledge.

New World – Western Hemisphere including North and South America.Age of Discovery – A period of time between the 15th and 17

th

century, when Europeans explored and mapped the world.

Colony

– A group of people that settle far from home and maintain ties to their home country.

Colonize

– To establish a colony.

Cartographer

- Mapmaker

Conquer

– To defeat in combat (war).

Aztecs

– South American people conquered by Cortes.

St. Augustine

– The oldest, permanently settled city in the United States.Slide4

Reasons for Exploration

Curiosity – what’s out there?Money and PowerFame

National PrideReligion –spreading ChristianityTrade – buying and selling foreign goodsNew, shorter trade routesSlide5

Obstacles Faced by ExplorersFear of the unknown

The Sea of Darkness/terrifying monstersPoor maps and navigational toolsLack of good supplies – water and fruit

Disease, starvation and lots of hard workBad weather.Slide6

What Countries Sent Explorers?

PortugalSpain

EnglandFranceSlide7

Explorer Timeline

1st century AD

Chinese invent the first compass.

982

Eric the Red discovers Greenland.

1002

Leif Ericson discovers North America.

1450

Prince Henry

the Navigator builds school for sailors.

1453

Turkish Empire cuts off the land route for spices from Asia to Europe.  Search for sea route begins.

1492

Columbus

sails to the New World.

1497

John Cabot

discovers Newfoundland while he searches for the Northwest Passage

.

1502

Amerigo Vespucci

returns from his explorations of the New World.  American continents named after him by German mapmaker.

1513

Vasco Nunez de Balboa

discovers the eastern shore of the Pacific Ocean. 

Juan Ponce de Leon

searches for the Fountain of Youth in Florida.

1519 - 1522

Ferdinand Magellan

and his crew sail around the world.

1521

Hernando Cortez

Spanish explorer who defeats

the Aztec Empire.

1533

Francisco Pizarro

defeats the Inca Empire.

1534

Jacques Cartier

discovers the St. Lawrence River and the Great Lakes.

1539 - 1542

Hernando De Soto

explores the southeastern United States.

1540

Francisco asquez de Coronado

explores the southwestern United States and discovers the Grand Canyon

. Trying to find Cibola – the Seven Cities of Gold.

1577

Sir Francis Drake

becomes the first Englishman to sail around the world.

1673

Father Jacques Marquette

and

Louis Jolliet

explore the Mississippi River.

1682

Rene-Robert de La Salle

explores the Mississippi River from the Great Lakes to the Gulf of Mexico.Slide8

So, what’s going on in 1492?Christopher Columbus’ first exploration in 1492 marked the beginning of the Age of Discovery, also known as the Age of Exploration.

King Ferdinand II and Queen Isabella I did not have the funds available to finance Columbus’ expedition, but felt they needed to keep Columbus from offering his services to other countries. They borrowed money from several other royal accounts to finance the adventure. Slide9

There’s more…

Europeans had three goals in exploration: gold (money), glory (land and power) and God (introduction of Christianity to the New World).The great powers (countries) worked frantically to explorers to the New World as quickly as possible.

Explorers were given permission to claim land in anyway possible, even if that meant taking slaves or prisoners, or engaging in battles.Some explorers continued to search for a northwest passage as a shortcut to Asia. Though none were successful in finding such a path.Spain, France and England all established themselves firmly in the New World by the 17

th

Century