and the Age of Discovery How did it all begin Lesson Objectives To explain the Age of DiscoveryAge of Exploration To understand the causes and effects of European colonization in the United States ID: 536506
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Early American Explorersand the Age of Discovery
How did it all begin?Slide2
Lesson ObjectivesTo explain the Age of Discovery/Age of Exploration.
To understand the causes and effects of European colonization in the United States.To understand location and patterns of settlements and the geographic factors that influence where people live.
To understand the economic patterns of early societies.Slide3
Explorer Vocabulary
Explorer – someone who travels to gain geographic or scientific knowledge.
New World – Western Hemisphere including North and South America.Age of Discovery – A period of time between the 15th and 17
th
century, when Europeans explored and mapped the world.
Colony
– A group of people that settle far from home and maintain ties to their home country.
Colonize
– To establish a colony.
Cartographer
- Mapmaker
Conquer
– To defeat in combat (war).
Aztecs
– South American people conquered by Cortes.
St. Augustine
– The oldest, permanently settled city in the United States.Slide4
Reasons for Exploration
Curiosity – what’s out there?Money and PowerFame
National PrideReligion –spreading ChristianityTrade – buying and selling foreign goodsNew, shorter trade routesSlide5
Obstacles Faced by ExplorersFear of the unknown
The Sea of Darkness/terrifying monstersPoor maps and navigational toolsLack of good supplies – water and fruit
Disease, starvation and lots of hard workBad weather.Slide6
What Countries Sent Explorers?
PortugalSpain
EnglandFranceSlide7
Explorer Timeline
1st century AD
Chinese invent the first compass.
982
Eric the Red discovers Greenland.
1002
Leif Ericson discovers North America.
1450
Prince Henry
the Navigator builds school for sailors.
1453
Turkish Empire cuts off the land route for spices from Asia to Europe. Search for sea route begins.
1492
Columbus
sails to the New World.
1497
John Cabot
discovers Newfoundland while he searches for the Northwest Passage
.
1502
Amerigo Vespucci
returns from his explorations of the New World. American continents named after him by German mapmaker.
1513
Vasco Nunez de Balboa
discovers the eastern shore of the Pacific Ocean.
Juan Ponce de Leon
searches for the Fountain of Youth in Florida.
1519 - 1522
Ferdinand Magellan
and his crew sail around the world.
1521
Hernando Cortez
Spanish explorer who defeats
the Aztec Empire.
1533
Francisco Pizarro
defeats the Inca Empire.
1534
Jacques Cartier
discovers the St. Lawrence River and the Great Lakes.
1539 - 1542
Hernando De Soto
explores the southeastern United States.
1540
Francisco asquez de Coronado
explores the southwestern United States and discovers the Grand Canyon
. Trying to find Cibola – the Seven Cities of Gold.
1577
Sir Francis Drake
becomes the first Englishman to sail around the world.
1673
Father Jacques Marquette
and
Louis Jolliet
explore the Mississippi River.
1682
Rene-Robert de La Salle
explores the Mississippi River from the Great Lakes to the Gulf of Mexico.Slide8
So, what’s going on in 1492?Christopher Columbus’ first exploration in 1492 marked the beginning of the Age of Discovery, also known as the Age of Exploration.
King Ferdinand II and Queen Isabella I did not have the funds available to finance Columbus’ expedition, but felt they needed to keep Columbus from offering his services to other countries. They borrowed money from several other royal accounts to finance the adventure. Slide9
There’s more…
Europeans had three goals in exploration: gold (money), glory (land and power) and God (introduction of Christianity to the New World).The great powers (countries) worked frantically to explorers to the New World as quickly as possible.
Explorers were given permission to claim land in anyway possible, even if that meant taking slaves or prisoners, or engaging in battles.Some explorers continued to search for a northwest passage as a shortcut to Asia. Though none were successful in finding such a path.Spain, France and England all established themselves firmly in the New World by the 17
th
Century