PPT-From Gene to Protein How Genes

Work Ch 17 What do genes code for proteins cells bodies How does DNA code for cells amp bodies how are cells and bodies made from the instructions in DNA DNA The Central Dogma. Marcus Chibucos, Ph.D.. University of Maryland School of Medicine. June 2014. Overview & goals. Understand. 1. How we predict . presence & structure . of coding & non-coding genes in the genome. Welkin Pope. SEA-PHAGES Bioinformatics Workshop, . 2016. Virion structural and assembly genes. , i.e. those encoding proteins that are either components of virion particles or assist in their formation. These include genes encoding the . Fine Structure of Gene . An imaginary overview . All information of our life is written in two Books . . Two set (23 Pairs) of Chromosomes . One of these Books of life is written by Father. Set of chromosomes (23) inherited from Father. . Ciprian . Gheorghe MD PhD.  . . Tyrosine Kinase R. PI3K. PDK. PAK. Src. GRB2. SHC. SOS. Ras. MAPKKK(Raf). MAPKK. -P. MAPKK . (MEK). SR. IP. 3. R. G. PLC. b. a. 1-AR. PKC. DAG. PKA. Control in Division & Development. pp 217-228. Prokaryotes. 1965 Nobel Prize to Jacob & Monod for work on . lac. operon in . E. coli. Lactose is metabolized by 3 enzymes in . E. coli. Genes for these proteins are sequential. Cancer can be caused by mutations to genes that regulate cell growth and division. Tumor viruses can cause cancer in animals including humans. Oncogenes and Proto-Oncogenes. Oncogenes . are cancer-causing genes. Anablep. . anablep. . with its “4 eyes”. Upper half of lids look aerially while the lower half looks into the water.. Cells of the two parts of the eye exhibit differential gene expression. Individual bacteria respond to environmental change by regulating their gene expression. How do we regulate the expression of our genes? . Involved in gene expression. DNA regulatory sequences. Regulatory genes. Small regulatory proteins (. RNAs. ). Regulatory sequences. Stretches of DNA that interact with regulatory proteins to control transcription.. (Chapter 9). Presented by Dr. Laurie M. Erickson. Chair of the Department of Health Sciences. Blitstein Institute of Hebrew Theological College. Chicago, IL, USA.. Gene Expression can be Regulated.. Gene expression: . Metabolic defects. studying metabolic diseases suggested that genes specified proteins. alkaptonuria. (black urine from . alkapton. ). PKU (phenylketonuria). each disease is caused by . non-functional enzyme. Controlling gene expression is often accomplished by controlling transcription initiation.. Regulatory proteins . bind to DNA to either block or stimulate transcription, depending on how they interact with RNA polymerase.. Genomics Lesson . 7_3. Hardison. 3/1/15. 1. 3. approaches . to gene predictions. Evidence-based. Transcribed regions. Align to mRNA sequence from the same species. Align to spliced ESTs from the same species. Mechanism of regulation of gene expression- An overview. Gene activity is controlled first and foremost at the level of transcription.. Much of this control is achieved through the interplay between proteins that bind to specific DNA sequences and their DNA binding sites. . An imaginary overview . All information of our life is written in two Books . . Two set (23 Pairs) of Chromosomes . One of these Books of life is written by Father. Set of chromosomes (23) inherited from Father.