Watch the following and listen carefully Newsroom You will write 2 paragraphs min ¾ page answering the following Do you agree or disagree with what he said Explain your stance What does America need to keep doing ID: 496280
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Name and title: Is America the Greatest?Watch the following, and listen carefully: Newsroom You will write 2 paragraphs, min ¾ page, answering the following:Do you agree or disagree with what he said? Explain your stance.What does America need to keep doing to stay great? What do we need to do in order to become the greatest again?
1
Sheet of Paper!Slide2
When the new Congress met in 1789, it debated the issue of how to address the President.One side favored a simple “President Washington”.The other: “His Highness” or “His Majesty”.Why do you think Washington chose to be called President of the U.S. instead of a more dignified title?
Warm Up
11/30/15
g4tv.comSlide3
Presidencies of the Early RepublicSlide4
Who were the leaders of the new republic?What were the major domestic problems facing the leaders of the new republic?How successful was the new government in responding to early domestic
challenges?
Focus QuestionsSlide5
No political party- unanimously electedTake oath in New York City April, 1789Sets many precedents as first President:Appoints first cabinet (advisors)Site of Washington, D.C. established
Refused third term
Oath of office
Established federal law over state law
Farewell Address
No.1 George Washington
Precedent: an action taken for the 1
st
time, which is followed by others afterwards Slide6
Most urgent domestic problem: paying off nearly 80 million in foreign and state debt!Hamilton’s Financial Plan:
Establish a
national bank
-uses “Necessary and Proper” Clause in the Constitution to give the nat’l
govt more power than the states
Protective Tariff: Charge foreign nations a
tax on import goods
(“protects” American manufacturing)
Domestic
tax on Whiskey
Creating a Stable EconomySlide7Slide8
Debt was paid off within 10 years (first time US has ever been debt free!)The Outstanding Public Debt as of 17 Nov 2014 at 10:09:38 PM GMT is:
$17,953,524,916,466.23
The estimated population of the United States is
319,430,489so each citizen's share of this debt is $56,204.79.The
National Debt has continued to increase an average of$2.43 billion per day since September 30, 2012!
National Debt
http://www.brillig.com/debt_clock/Slide9
Commander and Chief of the MilitaryNo Navy“Standing” Military funded through
federal tax dollars
.
Building a MilitarySlide10
Judiciary Act of 1789-Established the Supreme Court and the lower federal courts (3rd branch of Gov.)Appointed Supreme Court justices 1st Chief Justice
of the Supreme Court-
John Jay
Setting up the Court SystemSlide11
If someone does you a favor, do you owe them a favor? Even if they ask you to do something that goes against your morals and beliefs? Explain.Warm Up #12 12/1/15Slide12
Washington serves 2 terms & RetiresBattle of Fallen Timbers- Shows authority of Federal government to protect citizensWhiskey Rebellion-
Shows
ability of Federal government to stop Domestic uprising
Defining the Authority of the Central Government Slide13
Battle of Fallen Timbersautomation-drive.comSlide14
Whiskey Rebellionfineartamerica.comSlide15
French Revolution-Debate over which side to support. Determined to be too “Bloody”. Washington decides U.S. will stay neutral.Jay’s Treaty- Negotiates w/ British to
remove British forts
out west.Pinckney's Treaty- compromises to use the port of New Orleans with Spain
Foreign Policies Slide16
French RevolutionSlide17
Jay’s Treatyhistory.army.milSlide18
Pinckney’s TreatyBetween the US and Spain negotiated by diplomat Thomas Pinckney in 1795, was extremely popular.
Spain had called Pinckney to Madrid, expecting him to sign an alliance against Great Britain.
Not only did he refuse, he managed to convince Spain to agree to a more southern border between Spanish West Florida and the United States, securing a disputed region for America.
& USAGE OF NEW ORLEANS!!Slide19
Creates the first Cabinet: chosen by the President to direct departments & give advice.Secretary of War – Henry KnoxSecretary of State – Thomas JeffersonSecretary of Treasury – Alexander HamiltonAttorney General – Edmund Randolph
Maintaining National Security
mrcapwebpage.comSlide20
Department of the InteriorSecretary Sally Jewell
Department
of Agriculture
Secretary Thomas J.
Vilsack
Department of Commerce
Secretary Penny
Pritzker
Department
of Labor
Secretary Thomas E. Perez
Department
of Health and Human Services
Secretary Sylvia Mathews Burwell
Department
of Housing and Urban Development
Secretary
Julián
Castro
Department
of Transportation
Secretary Anthony Foxx
Department
of Energy
Secretary Ernest Moniz
Department
of Education
Secretary Arne Duncan
Department
of Veterans Affairs
Secretary Robert McDonald
Department
of Homeland Security
Secretary
Jeh
Johnson
Vice President of the United States
Joseph R. Biden
Department of State
Secretary John Kerry
Department of the Treasury
Secretary Jack Lew
Department of Defense
Secretary Chuck Hagel
Department of Justice
Attorney General Eric H. Holder, Jr.Slide21
Farewell Address—Warns country to: stay neutral w/ foreign nations
Do not have political parties
– it will divide the nation
Stay out of Debt!
Maintaining National Security cont’d
mrcapwebpage.comSlide22
Farewell Address“Tis
our true policy to steer clear of permanent Alliances, with any portion of the foreign World…”
POLICY OF NEUTRALITY
However [political parties] may … answer popular ends, they are likely … to become potent [powerful] engines, by which cunning, ambitious, and unprincipled men will be enabled to subvert [weaken] the power of the people and to usurp [seize] for themselves the reins of government,
Destroying…the very engines which have lifted them to unjust dominion [authority].WARNING AGAINST POLITICAL PARTIES
GEORGE WASHINGTON, Farewell Address, Sep. 17, 1796Slide23
We WashingtonAll AdamsJog
Jefferson
Many
MadisonMornings
MonroeAfter
John Quincy AdamsJuice
Jackson
All pictures courtesy of
Google images
Acronym for the first 7 PresidentsSlide24
Warm up 12/1/14There is a new campus rule: any student who says anything negative about the Principal, Administrators, or the school will be given 30 days of after-school detention.
Do you agree with this rule? Why/why not?Slide25
No. 2 John Adams
Election of 1796
*President Adams led the
Federalist Party with 71 votes *Jefferson led the
Democratic Republican Party with 68 votes and became the V.P.
Adams was an experienced diplomat and veteran of the Continental CongressSlide26
Maintaining National SecurityNaturalization Act: “Alien Act”
waiting period for immigrants to become citizens is extended
to 14 years
President could deport aliens he deemed “dangerous”Dem-Reps opposed law: argued that the Federalists were trying to decrease the voting power of the Dem-Rep Party, which was supported mainly by immigrantsSlide27
Creating a Stable EconomyFollowed Hamilton’s Financial PlanSlide28
Defining the Authority of the Central GovernmentSedition Act: made it a crime to criticize the President or Congress.
Federalists
were reacting to outspoken immigrants and argued that Freedom of Speech only extended to US citizens. A dozen newspaper publishers were jailed.Democratic-Republicans disagreed and said that the Bill of Rights extended to all people in our nation, not just US citizens.Slide29
Madison and Jefferson said the Alien and Sedition Acts hurt States’ RightsDeclared that to protect their citizens, States could refuse
to enforce bad federal laws – (nullification)
Virginia/Kentucky Resolutions-
Nullified the Alien and Sedition Acts (States’ Rights issue)
Defining the Authority of the Central Govt. (cont’d)Slide30
Exit Slip – ½ sheet of paperAnswer the following in paragraph form:What were the Alien and Sedition Acts and were they fair? Why or why not? Do you agree with Jefferson that States have the right to nullify (reject/ignore) bad federal laws? How “united” would we be if this were the case?Slide31
Warm-up12/2/14
For all your hard work, you have been awarded a scholarship to the college of your choice! However, the person who recruited you (coach, band/choir director, etc.) leaves the college before the new school year begins. Their replacement refuses to honor your scholarship.
Is this fair? Why or why not?Slide32
Foreign PoliciesXYZ affair: France insults America
France was upset because the U.S. gave too many concessions to Britain in Jay’s Treaty
President Adams sent a commission to France to try diplomacy. The Americans were ignored for weeks before…
France agreed to see the Americans if: 1. They loan $10 million to France 2. Pay a bribe of $250,000 to the
ministerAdams would rather go to war than pay A bribe (Tribute: $ paid to be an ally or be protected)
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=afB5NJmER5MSlide33
Undeclared WarWashington warned America to stay neutral, but when France began seizing US ships, Congress cancelled its treaties with France
and allowed U.S. ships to seize French vessels
Adams avoided war with a treaty with Napoleon
in 1799 which was very unpopular in the U.S. Adams felt it was his greatest achievement…
Foreign Policies cont’dSlide34
Building a MilitaryResponse to the XYZ Affair:“Millions for defense, not one cent for tribute!”
--
Charles Pinckney
Congress set aside money to expand the navy and army
Slide35
First Political PartiesSlide36
Election of 1800Republicans: Jefferson and BurrFederalists: Adams and PinckneyJefferson and Burr tied(Federalist) Alexander Hamilton despised Burr and threw his support to Jefferson
The House of Representatives decided-
7days
, and 36 ballots later-Jefferson winsSlide37
Significance of the ElectionAaron Burrs’ anger toward Hamilton grew and resulted in a duel between the two.Election of 1800 resulted in a change to the electoral college - 12th Amendment
separate ballots for VP &
Prez
Amendment 12 – “the Electors shall meet in their respective states, and vote by ballot for President and Vice-President… they shall name in their ballots the person voted for as President, and in distinct ballots the person voted for as Vice- President…”Slide38Slide39
Setting Up the Court System
Before Jefferson takes office, Adams appoints
John Marshall
, a Federalist, to be
Chief Justice of the Supreme Court.
Rushed the Judiciary Act of 1801 through Congress (created new court positions)Midnight appointments
-
before the end of his Presidency, Adams
appointed Federalists to new court positions
to ensure Federalists still had a powerful voice in the Government, Slide40
Warm up 12/3/14
What are
two
things the Federalist party believes/supports?
What are two
things the Democratic-Republican party believes/supports?
Put your warm up away and get out a
SHEET OF PAPER!Slide41
No. 3 Thomas Jefferson
1801-1809
Lawyer, architect, inventor, Violinist, horseman, scientistSlide42
Setting up the Court SystemAdams failed to deliver all his “midnight appointments.”
Jefferson
tells Secretary of State Madison to
refuse to deliver the commission to
one “to-be” Federalist judge, William Marbury
, who sues.“These midnight judges were among my most ardent [enthusiastic] political enemies, from whom no faithful cooperation could ever be expected.”
Marbury
vs. Madison
: John Marshall uses case to create the power of Judicial Review
:
Supreme Court will have the power to declare laws unconstitutionalSlide43
jgonzalez101.com
(left)
Secretary of
State, James
Madison
(right)
Chief
Justice, John
Marshall
More power for
Federal
Govt
!Slide44
Maintaining National Security
1803 Louisiana Purchase
largest land purchase in US history
US pays $15 million or 3¢ per acre to Napoleon Bonaparte of FranceDOUBLES THE SIZE OF THE UNITED STATES!!
France needed money b/c of war debt with the Brits!Slide45
Expedition of Lewis & Clark
1804 mission to
find a N.W. passage to Pacific Ocean
Scientific Expedition
(new plants & wildlife)
attempt at
peace with Natives for trade
http://player.discoveryeducation.com/index.cfm?guidAssetId=486DB4AA-D659-4233-877A-0C4234B865E3&blnFromSearch=1&productcode=US
Maintaining National SecuritySlide46Slide47
Building a MilitaryRefuses to pay tribute to Barbary Coast pirates
Strengthens Navy to protect US trading ships from raids.
“From the Halls of Montezuma to the shores of Tripoli.”Slide48
ussconstitutionmuseum.orgSlide49
Creating a Stable EconomyReduced Taxes
Kept national bank
Cut the federal budget in half Slide50
Defining the Authority of the Central Government Goal: keep the federal govt.’s power limited.
“
We are all Republicans, we are all Federalists”
Jefferson wanted to unite Americans by:
promoting a common way of
lifekeeping the US a nation
of
small,
independent farmers
*DC remained a villageSlide51
Defining the Authority of the Central Govt. (cont’d.)Added a Cabinet position (Sec. of the Navy)
But urged Congress to
decrease the size of the Judiciary
.
Many lost their jobs.Replaced ½ the Federalist positions with Dem-Reps: only 6 out of 600 were Dem-RepsSlide52
Foreign Policies
Disputes w/ Spain over boundary of LA Territory
Did not include Texas!
Did not go to the Rocky Mts
Attempted to buy Florida, but failedSlide53
Foreign Policies France and England blockade US
ships and begin
a policy of
Impressments, the
forced enslavement
of sailors
Embargo Act
of 1807 –
To stop impressments
,
Congress
stops all exports to Europe
w new laws & uses Navy to prevent English ships from coming into US ports
Embargo Act
damages Economy but avoids war!Slide54Slide55Slide56
Key Issues in Jefferson’s Presidency
Added a cabinet position
Cut Government spending
D.C. remained a village
Decreased the JudiciaryEmbargo Act (
ban trade w/ other nations)
Increased size of military
Kept the National Bank
Louisiana Purchase
Reduced taxesSlide57
Warm-up #10
12/5/13
Complete
the sentence!
The acquisition of the Louisiana territory resulted in –
A
securing America’s economic access to the Pacific Ocean.
B
allowing the U.S. to have complete control of the Mississippi River.
C
making the Spanish government angry that France sold the land.
D
causing the British to impress sailors in the Atlantic Ocean.Slide58
No. 4 James Madison
1809 - 1817
As a Framer and Defender of the Constitution, [Madison] had no peer.
-Gary Wills, historianSlide59
Defining the Authority of the Central Government
British aggression towards American sailors continued into Madison’s presidency
Many members of Congress, known
as
War Hawks,
voted to
declare
war
on Britain
for 3 reasons:
Impressment
of U.S. sailors
Interference w/ U.S. shipping
British support of Native
American
uprisings
in the Northwest territories
Henry ClaySlide60
Whose point of view is shown?Slide61
Building a Military
At the onset of the
War of 1812
, the
Army had only
7,000 men
and the
Navy
had only
16 ships
!!!
Experience in Barbary Wars was key to success
Great victories by
heroes such as Commodore Oliver Perry and
General Andrew Jackson
Built American confidence and nationalism
Nationalism
–
intense pride in one’s
country; patriotismSlide62
Setting up the Court System
As the British approached Washington D.C., Dolly Madison stayed behind.
Dolly
and her slaves
saved priceless founding documents
including original drafts of the Declaration of Independence and Constitution, and a famous portrait of George Washington.
Dolly escaped with her life
before the British burned the capital
.
The Burning of Washington D.C.Slide63
War of 1812
Whose point of view is illustrated?Slide64
Whose point of view is shown?Slide65
Francis Scott Key
Lawyer who was detained on a British ship
Watched the all-night bombardment of
Ft
. McHenry at the Battle of Baltimore
At dawn, he saw the American
flag
still flying!
He expressed his pride in his
countrymen
for
withstanding
heavy fire with a poem later known as the
Star-Spangled Banner
,
our
National AnthemSlide66
Warm up
12/5/14
What were the
3 main causes
of the
War of 1812? Who were we at war with?Slide67
Maintaining National Security
Native Americans resistance failed after the British no longer gave them weapons
Gov./Gen.
William Henry Harrison
defeated the Shawnee at the Battle of Tippecanoe
Major setback for the
Native
American resistanceSlide68
Foreign Policies
U.S. continued to have difficulties w/ foreign trade.
Before the War of 1812, Madison enacted
laws that discouraged trade with France and England
.
Proved to be as ineffective as the Embargo Act
Final Battle:
The Battle of New Orleans
Treaty of Ghent
–
officially ends the War of 1812
No clear winner
No land changed hands
Trade disputes left unresolvedSlide69
What is the purpose of this piece of propaganda?Slide70
Creating a stable Economic System
Interrupted trade
with Europe during the war
forced Americans to manufacture goods they previously imported
This resulted in the birth of the US
Industrial Revolution and use of Free Enterprise (economy based on supply and demand with minimal government interference)Slide71
mercantilism vs. free enterpriseSlide72
How did John Locke’s idea of natural rights result in the Free Enterprise System?Slide73
Quick ReviewSlide74
Exit Slip 12/6Imagine you are each of the following characters. Write 2-3 sentences for each, describing how you feel about going to war with Britain during the War of 1812.
Merchant Sailor in Boston
Plantation owner in Georgia
Member of the Shawnee tribeAmerican Sailor