Mariah Ulness 1 Honors BSN Student Denise A Mohrbacher 2 BS amp Traci R Snedden 1 PhD RN APRN CNE 1 UW Madison School of Nursing 2 UW Madison School of Medicine and Public Health ID: 928958
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What is the relationship between standing electric scooter injuries, substance use, and helmet use in the United States from 2017 through 2018?
Mariah Ulness1, Honors BSN Student; Denise A. Mohrbacher2, BS & Traci R. Snedden1, PhD, RN, APRN, CNE 1UW – Madison, School of Nursing; 2 UW – Madison, School of Medicine and Public Health
Background & Significance
Standing electric scooters and the micromobility market have become increasingly popular across the United States (U.S.)Recent studies have found that electric scooter-related injury incidence is rising in the U.S.Recommendations regarding helmet use and avoidance of scooter operation under the influence are largely unmonitoredStudies have found that few riders follow these recommendations.There is a gap in the literature specific to substance use, helmet use, and electric scooter-related injuries using a nationally representative dataset.
To describe the relationship between substance use, helmet use, and standing electric scooter-related injuries using a nationally representative dataset.
Conclusions and Future Research
For the majority of cases (95.7%), it could not be determined if the user was under the influence of any substance.For the majority (82.19%) of cases, it could not be determined if the user was wearing a helmet.Males constituted 90.91% of those documented as substance use.The vast majority of cases documented as substance use occurred while riding an electric scooter (95.45%), vs while as a passenger on an electric scooter.The head was the most seriously injured body part (31.82%) in persons with reported substance use.Future studies require more comprehensive documentation of substance use and helmet use.
Study Design: Retrospective exploratory analysis Sample: U.S. Consumer Product Safety Commission’s (CPSC) National Electronic Injury Surveillance System (NEISS) years 2017 and 2018Inclusion Criteria: Evidence of injury occurring during standing electric scooter useExclusion Criteria: Any device that was not an electric scooter or an electric scooter that was deemed to be a mobility aidProcedures: Three researchers independently examined all cases. With the goal of determining cases of inclusion, all researchers came to a consensus regarding cases that did not definitively meet inclusion and exclusion criteria. Patient demographics, documented helmet use, and documented substance use were included in the final dataset.
References
Badeau
, A., Carman, C., Newman, M., Steenblik, J., Carlson, M., & Madsen, T. (2019). Emergency department visits for electric scooter-related injuries after introduction of an urban rental program. American Journal of Emergency Medicine, 37(8), 1531-1533. doi:10.1016/j.ajem.2019.05.003Bresler, A. Y., Hanba, C., Svider, P., Carron, M. A., Hsueh W. D., & Paskhover, B. (2019). Craniofacial injuries related to motorized scooter use: A rising epidemic. American Journal of Otolaryngology, 40(5), 662-666. doi:10.1016/j.amjoto.2019.05.023[Image]. Retrieved from https://i.guim.co.uk/img/media/e6cd63112ef22731626b85a54e6d9daf6f1a71d0/0_187_3500_2100/master/3500.jpg?width=300&quality=85&auto=format&fit=max&s=095815b311acf92bc35e019e59 04ea49Trivedi, T. K., Liu, C., Antonio, A. L. M., Wheaton, N., Kreger, V., Yap, A., … Elmore, J. G. (2019). Injuries associated with standing electric scooter use. JAMA NetworkOpen, 2(1). doi:10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2018.7381
Study Purpose
Methods
Mean (SD) or n (%)Age, years24.15 (18.39) Range2-93Sex Male332 (64.97%) Female179 (35.03%)Riding Yes479 (93.74%) No20 (3.91%) Could not be determined12 (2.35%)Wearing a helmet Yes32 (6.26%) No59 (11.55%) Could not be determined420 (82.19%)Substance use Alcohol16 (3.13%) Drugs4 (0.78%) Alcohol and Drugs 1 (0.20%) Could not be determined489 (95.7%)
Results
Table 1. Characteristics (N = 511)
Limitations
Data is limited to emergency department (ED) visits.Narratives may have been imprecisely documented.Data may unknowingly include non-electric scooter injuries. Substance use and helmet use not noted in all cases.
Mean (SD) or n (%)Age, years37.23 (14.04) Range20-68Sex Male20 (90.91%) Female2 (9.09%)Riding Yes21 (95.45%) No 1 (4.55%)Wearing a helmet Yes3 (13.64%) No 5 (22.73%) Could not be determined14 (63.63%)Substance use Alcohol16 (72.73%) Drugs (i.e., marijuana, hallucinogens) 4 (18.18%) Alcohol and Drugs (i.e., marijuana, hallucinogens)1 (4.55%) Unspecified, but noted as under the influence1 (4.55%)
Table 2. Characteristics of those who reported substance use (N = 22)
Body Part Most Seriously Hurt n (%) Ankle1 (4.55%)0 (0.00%)0 (0.00%)0 (0.00%)1 (4.55%) Face (Including eyelid, eye area and nose)3 (13.64%)0 (0.00%)0 (0.00%)0 (0.00%)3 (13.64%) Foot0 (0.00%)1 (4.55%)0 (0.00%)0 (0.00%)1 (4.55%) Hand2 (9.09%)0 (0.00%)0 (0.00%)0 (0.00%)2 (9.09%) Head4 (18.18%)1 (4.55%)1 (4.55%)1 (4.55%)7 (31.82%) Leg, lower (not including knee or ankle)3 (13.64%)1 (4.55%)0 (0.00%)0 (0.00%)4 (18.18%) Leg, upper1 (4.55%)0 (0.00%)0 (0.00%)0 (0.00%)1 (4.55%) Mouth ( including lips, tongue, teeth)1 (4.55%)0 (0.00%)0 (0.00%)0 (0.00%)1 (4.55%) Trunk, lower1 (4.55%)1 (4.55%)0 (0.00%)0 (0.00%)2 (9.09%)
Table 3. Injury Location for individuals with reported substance use