Refugees: From Syria and Afghanistan to Climate Change - PowerPoint Presentation

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Refugees: From Syria and Afghanistan to Climate Change

Quick facts and statistics

Ruslan Trad

14 International Youth Conference

Krusevo

2016Slide2

Quick facts: What you need to know about the Syria crisis

Anti-government demonstrations began in March of 2011, part of the Arab Spring. But the peaceful protests quickly escalated after the government's violent

crackdown

Anti-government demonstrations began in March of 2011, part of the Arab Spring. But the peaceful protests quickly escalated after the government's violent crackdown

Divisions between secular and Islamist fighters, and between ethnic groups, continue to complicate the politics of the conflict.

In October 2015, Russia began launching airstrikes at ISIS targets in Syria.

In early February 2016, fighting around Aleppo city intensified and the main route for humanitarian aid was cut off.

In August 2016 Turkey began military operation inside Northern SyriaSlide3

Quick facts: What you need to know about the Syria humanitarian crisis

Syria’s civil war is the worst humanitarian crisis of our time.

Half the country’s pre-war population — more than 11 million people — have been killed or forced to flee their homes.

Families are struggling to survive inside Syria, or make a new home in neighboring countries. Others are risking their lives on the way to Europe, hoping to find acceptance.

According to the U.N., it will take $7.7 billion to meet the urgent needs

The U.N. estimates that 6.6 million people are internally displaced.

Near 200 000 arrested or jailed.

Near 5 million became refugees.Slide4

Quick facts:

Where are they fleeing to?

Many Syrian refugees are living in Jordan and Lebanon

In August 2013, more Syrians escaped into northern Iraq at a newly opened border crossing.

BUT now they are trapped by that country's own insurgent conflict, and Iraq is struggling to meet the needs of Syrian refugees on top of more than 1 million internally displaced Iraqis.

An increasing number of Syrian refugees are fleeing across the border into Turkey, overwhelming urban host communities and creating new cultural tensions.

Hundreds of thousands of refugees are also attempting the dangerous trip across the Mediterranean Sea from Turkey to Greece

Thousands of Syrians flee their country every day. In 2012, there were 100,000 refugees. By April 2013, there were 800,000. That doubled to 1.6 million in less than four months. Slide5

How many refugees are children?

According to the U.N., more than half of all Syrian refugees are under the age of 18. Most have been out of school for months, if not years.

The youngest are confused and scared by their experiences, lacking the sense of safety and home they need. The older children are forced to grow up too fast, finding work and taking care of their family in desperate circumstances.Slide6

Starvation as a weapon of war

Madaya

is one example of the depth of the humanitarian crisis facing the region.

According to the UN there are at least 400,000 people living under siege in 15 towns across Syria.

Doctors Without Borders say that 35 people have died of starvation in

Madaya

alone since the beginning of December 2015, with more than 250 people suffering from severe acute malnutrition. Slide7

Napalm and White Phosphorus used as weapon

Napalm,

Daraya

White Phosphorus, AleppoSlide8

Torture

Since 2011, thousands of people have died in custody in Syria’s brutal detention

centres

. Tens of thousands more have experienced shocking torture.

People have been brutally beaten, raped, given electric shocks and more, often to extract forced “confessions”.

28,000 photos of deaths in government custody that were smuggled out of Syria and first came to public attention in January 2014.

Syria: Stories Behind Photos of Killed Detainees

https://www.hrw.org/news/2015/12/16/syria-stories-behind-photos-killed-detainees

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Quick facts: What you need to know about the Afghanistan crisis

Afghanistan is a facing a complex humanitarian crisis, stemming from the many challenges that have confronted Afghanistan over the past four decades.

0.7 million

Afghans need emergency shelter and related support;

1.7 million

lack food security;

3.1 million

health;

2.9 million

nutrition;

1.7 million

protection; and

1.5 million

water, sanitation, and hygiene.

These increasing humanitarian needs in Afghanistan have directly resulted from a dramatic spike in violence across the country, following the withdrawal of most of international forces at the end of 2014.

2015 was one of the bloodiest years in Afghanistan, during which some 11,000 innocent Afghans were killed

Taliban in offensive, control of 80% of the biggest province, Helmand.Slide10

Quick facts: What you need to know about the Afghanistan humanitarian crisis

F

led their country as a consequence of the long-going Afghan conflict, lasting since 1978. Ever since the Soviet invasion of Afghanistan, refugees have fled into the surrounding states. After the Soviets left, civil war, Taliban conquest, and most recently the Western-led invasion after September 11, 2001 have meant constant warfare in Afghanistan.

Since 2001, more than 5.7 million former refugees have returned to Afghanistan, but 2.2 million others remained refugees in 2013. In January 2013 the UN estimated that 547,550 were internally displaced persons, a 25% increase over the 447,547 IDPs estimated for January 2012.

Top 3 countries:

2,500,000

in Pakistan;

2,400,000

in Iran;

300,000

in UAESlide11

Afghans in Iran

Iran hosts some three million Afghan refugees, many of whom have poured into the country since the United States-led invasion in 2001.

Iranian government of severe maltreatment of Afghans, including summary deportations, physical abuse at the hands of security forces, limited job opportunities outside menial

labour

, and restricted access to education.

However, the EU had drafted a plan to send 80,000 Afghan refugees back to their war-torn country and today, the fate of Europe's Afghan refugees remains unclear.

Iran has been recruiting thousands of Afghan refugees to fight in pro-government armed groups in

neighbouring

SyriaSlide12

Quick facts: European migrant crisis

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egan in 2015, when a rising number of refugees and migrants made the journey to the European Union (EU) to seek asylum and for better living standards, travelling across the Mediterranean Sea or through Southeast Europe.

T

op 3 nationalities of the over one million Mediterranean Sea arrivals between January 2015 and March 2016 were Syrian (46.7%), Afghan (20.9%) and Iraqi (9.4%).

O

ngoing conflicts and refugee crises in several Asian and African countries, which increased the total number of forcibly displaced people worldwide at the end of 2014 to almost 60 million, the highest level since World War II.Slide13

Maps of refugees ways to EU

Map 1

Map 2Slide14

In Global ViewSlide15

Climate, Environmental

refugees

The term climate refugees or climate migrants refers to the subset of environmental migrants forced to move "due to sudden or gradual alterations in the natural environment related to at least one of three impacts of climate change: sea-level rise, extreme weather events, and drought and water scarcity.

T

he world will have

150-200 million

climate change refugees by 2050.Slide16

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