Coverage of Development issues in EM: Television - PowerPoint Presentation

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Coverage of Development issues in EM: Television by DPK PWR

Public Broadcaster: Doordarshan

Doordarshan

began in India on 15th September 1959 as an experiment with a small studio and a transmitter with few TV sets across Delhi.

The aim was to see what TV could achieve in

community development and formal education

UNESCO provided India with 20000 $ and 180

philips

TV sets. Programming was for twice week for two hours

Early

programmes

on these experimental broadcasts were generally

educational

programmes

for school children and farmers.

Doordarshan

Several community television sets were set up in Delhi’s rural areas and schools around Delhi for the dissemination of these

programmes

.

The experiment was successful in bringing about changes in the people and so educational programming was introduced in schools

TV replaced Radio in schools because TV can now demonstrate new knowledge to the students.

Secondary School television project (1961)

This

project was designed for the secondary school students of Delhi.

With an aim to

improve the standard of teaching

in view of shortage of laboratories, space, equipment and dearth of qualified teachers in Delhi this project started on experimental basis in October 1961 for teaching of Physics, Chemistry, English and Hindi for students of Class XI.

The lectures were

syllabus-based

and were telecasted in school hours as a part and parcel of school activities.

The television schools did better in the experiment than the non-television schools.

The

government realized the potential of TV and was investing in TV.

DD’s Krishi

Darshan

Regular

daily transmission started in

1965.

Krishi

Darshan

a special

programme

began in 1967 with an aim of

disseminating agricultural information to rural, farming audiences

.

It’s a program which gives news about the different markets, prices, climate changes, best methods in farming etc

.

It also educates/trains farmers on new techniques and technologies in agriculture

Till

1980’s, transmission was terrestrial, then came the SITE experiment

SATELLITE INSTRUCTIONAL TELEVISION EXPERIMENT

For

the first time in India, satellite was used for broadcasting television programs.

Aim

: To reach a large audience and other social development objectives

One year experiment (1st August 1975 and concluded on 31st July 1976)

This project was primarily undertaken to telecast special development

programmes

through the satellite communication to six rural clusters, which included a total of 2330 villages of 20 districts spread over six states—Andhra Pradesh, Karnataka, Orissa, Madhya Pradesh, Rajasthan and Gujarat.

SITE showed the potential of bouncing signals from the satellites

SITE

SITE was conducted to achieve

national development goals

and for educating the Indian masses living in remote rural areas.

The SITE educational

programmes

were also aimed at making the children sensitive to, and learn, community living and improve their basic concepts and skills in the areas of numeracy, language and Science.

The

programmes

were directed at creating a positive attitude to formal education and making education interesting, creative, purposive and stimulating.

The educational

programmes

were so designed as to familiarize children with facts and matters normally beyond their observation and experience.

Achievements-SITE

SITE was a success, in terms of an experiment in

satellite broadcast technology

More attractive in attracting the

female audience

Survey post experiment showed gain in information, awareness and knowledge in areas such as

Health and hygiene, political consciousness, overall modernity and family planning

In the area of agriculture, large number of innovations triggered by the television

programmes

.

Farmers

adopted only those

new practices

which did not demand additional expense on infrastructure.

A survey of children showed positive gains in the area of language development and in the attitude of seeking knowledge and information from sources other than conventional classroom teaching.

Kheda project

Kheda

Communications Project aimed at the development and local communication in

Kheda

district of Gujarat. This project began in 1975 and continued till 1990

Hardware of

Kheda

Communication Project consisted:

One low-power transmitter located in

Pij

village, which was connected to a local studio, the local

Doordarshan

station, and to a satellite earth station in

Ahmedabad

.

Thus,

Kheda

Communication Project could broadcast either local television

programmes

or national satellite television

programmes

.

Kheda project

Around

650 community television

sets were provided to

400 villages

and also installed in public places like schools, where village audiences gathered in the evenings to view the broadcasts.

Audience participation was vastly encouraged at all levels.

Villagers were involved as actors, writers, and

visualisers

in the production of television programs dealing with such local issues as exploitation, caste discrimination, alcoholism, minimum wages, co-operatives, local and national elections

Kheda project

A

campaign approach

was followed, thus,

synchronising

television programs with local efforts by the development

Serials, folk drama, puppet shows, and other popular local formats were used to continue issues such as family planning, gender equality, and village sanitation.

Chattur

Mota

(Wise Elder) and

Nari

Tu

Narayani

(Woman You Are Powerful) were two popular entertainment-education serials produced by

Kheda

Communication

These serials generated self-confidence, realization of equality etc.

Kheda

clearly encouraged participation by the people and caused changes in the lives of rural people.

TV in the 80’s

INSAT

1 A was launched in space in 1982

Indian government started the National telecast of

Doordarshan

in 1982.

In the same year,

colour

TV was introduced in the market with the live telecast of the Independence Day speech by then prime minister

Indira

Gandhi on 15 August 1982, followed by the 1982 Asian Games held in Delhi.

Doordarshan

provided national coverage for the first time through the satellite INSAT 1A.

Also, for the first time, the transmission was in

colour

.

TV in the 80’s

In addition to the domestic transmission,

Doordarshan

was also providing content for the broadcasters of many other countries.

After 1982,

Doordarshan

was spreading all across India.

As a part of INSAT’s education project,

ETV broadcasts

were started in six states (Orissa and Andhra Pradesh, Bihar, Gujarat, Maharashtra and Uttar Pradesh).

In each state, a cluster of 3-4 districts were selected on the

basis of backwardness of the area

,

availability of suitable developmental infrastructure

and utilization of existing

production facilities

.

TV in the 80’s

Besides developmental

programmes

for community viewing, educational

programmes

(ETV) for two different age groups of school children (5-8 years and 9-11 years) were part of the Educational Television telecast.

As of today, these ETV

programmes

are offered in five languages- Oriya, Telugu, Marathi, Gujarati and Hindi- for a large population of primary school children.

DD national in the eighties started producing serial with development messages being incorporated in the

serials.

Serials for Development

Serials

in India, were started with a aim of tackling

social issues

like family planning, caste harmony, empowerment of women, national integration, dowry, alcoholism and drug abuse

Hum Log (English: We People) was Indian television's first soap opera and also the first serial drama series on the Indian subcontinent.

It began telecast on

Doordarshan

, India's national network on 7 July 1984, then the only television channel of India.

It is the story of an Indian middle-class family of the 1980s and their daily struggles and

aspirations

Serials

156 episodes of Hum Log were broadcast. At the end of every episode, veteran Hindi film actor Ashok Kumar discussed the ongoing story and situations with the audience using Hindi couplets and limericks

Rajani

:

Rajani

was a popular serial which aired on

Doordarshan

during the mid-80s.

The serial had

Priya

Tendulkar

as the main protagonist, a housewife, who championed the cause of justice and fought against corruption and prevalent social evils of Indian society.

SerialsSerials were started in India for a development purpose but people became more interested in the drama rather than the message, hence the shift was towards dramatization of soap operas.

Now, the serials in DD are also entertainment oriented because of the revenue’s involved in it.

DD see that it maintains diversity in it’s content, but major chunk of it content, consists of Serials and other entertainment programs.

Gyan-Darshan Educational Channel

Ministry

of Human Resource Development, Information & Broadcasting, the

Prasar

Bharti

and IGNOU launched

Gyan

Darshan

(GD) jointly on 26th January 2000 as the exclusive

Educational TV Channel of India

.

Within one year of its launching, 26th January 2001, it became non-stop daily 24 hours transmission channel for educational

programmes

.

The

programming constitutes 23 hrs of indigenous

programmes

sourced from

partner institutions and one hour of foreign

programmes

.

Transmission of 12 hrs each for

curriculum based

and enrichment

programmes

is being made.

The

programmes

of IGNOU CIET-NCERT

are

telecast for four hours each, IIT

programmes

for three hours, CEC-UGC

programmes

for two and a half hours and one hour each for TTTI and Adult Education

.

Kishan TV

DD

Kisan

is owned by

Doordarshan

and was launched on 26 May 2015.

Channel

is dedicated to

agriculture and allied sectors

, which disseminates real-time inputs to farmers on

new farming techniques, water conservation and organic farming among other information

Programs

regarding the problems in farming, new techniques and various farm related programs are being played on DD

Kishan

Importance

of television has been

realised

by the government and hence it uses it for development purposes.

Development Communication Division

DCD

has worked with the Government to produce

programmes

on a wide range of subjects, including our flagship

programmes

under the banner of Health & Family Welfare, Drinking

Water

and Sanitation, HRD, Rural Development, HUPA, Power etc.

Some of prominent projects of DCD highlight investor’s protection, tribal affairs, adult education, rural development, petroleum conservation, consumer affairs, corporate affairs, postal life insurance, environment and forest etc.

DCD has seen collaborative ventures such as the HIV/AIDS campaign with NACO, campaigns with UNICEF and BBC World Trust Service.

Dcomm Division

Doordarshan

disseminates public service information (

Psads

) on a wide array of public interest issues and matters:

Health campaigns pertaining to health issues like cardio vascular diseases, RCH, Blindness, Deafness, HIV/AIDS, H1N1, Avian Flu and other seasonal fevers and epidemics are run through DCD.

Successful development campaigns include ‘Do

Boond

Zindagi

Ki

’ is the very popular polio campaign led by

Shri

.

Amitabh

Bachchan

as the brand ambassador.

Other social awareness campaigns like

Swacch

Bharat Campaign (cleanliness),

Jago

Grahak

Jago

(consumer awareness),

Beti

Bachao

–

Beti

Padhao

(save girl child & promoting education for girl child), Bell

Bajao

(against domestic violence) and so forth have been telecast through the DD Network.