A New G overnment Articles of Confederation are simply not working The new constitution would address some of the more serious issues of the Articles Give the national government the power to tax ID: 614400
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Slide1
Federalists, Anti-Federalists, and PapersSlide2
A New G
overnment
Articles of Confederation are simply not
working
The new constitution would address some of the more serious issues of the ArticlesGive the national government the power to taxPowerful executiveNational court systemRestructured amendment processDetermined that only NINE OF THE THIRTEEN states needed to ratify the new constitution for it to take effectTechnically illegal though…Slide3
Federalist Papers
Series of papers written by James Madison, Alexander Hamilton, and John Jay
Written under the name of “
Publius
” or “Common Man”85 essays in totalArgued for ratification of the new ConstitutionSlide4
Federalist No. 10
Federalist
No. 10
addresses the issue of
how to protect against factions, groups, with interest contrary to the rights of othersEssentially, Madison is introducing the notion of “rule of the majority, rights of the minority”Argued for large republicChecking power of factions:Popular sovereignty will prevent minority factions from taking overHarder to prevent take over of a majority faction in a smaller democracySlide5
Federalist No. 51
Federalist No. 51
focused on the need for power within the central government to be fractured
Argued for a
system of checks and balancesAll federal leaders should be elected…except the members of the judicial branchPolitical motivation for rulings rather than legal onesMadison wanted to see the legislative branch further separated, and proposed a bicameral systemLegislative branch speaks with the “true” voice of the publicSlide6
Federalists and Anti Federalists
Two sides will emerge when majority of the delegates in Philly decide to replace the Articles
Federalists:
strongly IN FAVOR of
ratification of the current ConstitutionAnti-Federalists: strongly OPPOSED to ratification of the current ConstitutionBelieved the delegates should be working to fix the ArticlesSlide7
Federalists
Leaders:
James Madison, Alexander Hamilton, John
Jay
Views on the Articles of ConfederationAnti-FederalistsLeaders:Patrick Henry, Richard Henry Lee, John Hancock, Samuel AdamsViews on the Articles of ConfederationSlide8
Views on Articles of Confederation
Federalists
Viewed the Articles as weak
, and no amount of amending would be able to compensate for this weakness
Favored ratificationAnti-FederalistsBelieved that the Articles should be amended or fixedFeared that a strong president and powerful Congress would lead to tyrannyOpposed ratificationSlide9
Federalists
Leaders:
James Madison, Alexander Hamilton, John Jay
Views on Articles
Viewed the Articles as weakFavored ratification of a new constitutionViews on a strong national governmentAnti-FederalistsLeaders:Patrick Henry, Richard Henry Lee, John Hancock, Samuel AdamsViews on Articles
Amend the Articles
Opposed ratification of a new constitution
Views on a strong national governmentSlide10
Views on strong national government
Federalists
Supported a stronger central government
Only a strong central government can successfully keep the states together
Anti-FederalistsDid not want a strong central governmentGovernment would be too far removed from the peopleThought it would lead to tyrannyKeep power with the statesSlide11
Federalists
Leaders:
James Madison, Alexander Hamilton, John Jay
Views on Articles
Viewed the Articles as weakFavored ratification of a new constitutionViews on a strong national governmentSupported a stronger central governmentViews on individual rightsAnti-Federalists
Leaders:
Patrick Henry, Richard Henry Lee, John Hancock, Samuel Adams
Views on Articles
Amend the Articles
Opposed ratification of a new constitution
Views on a strong national government
Power should stay with the states
Views on individual rightsSlide12
Views on individual rights
Federalists
Did not believe that additional individual rights needed to be added to the Constitution
Offered some protection
(i.e. habeas corpus, ex post facto laws)Most states already had their own bills of rightsBecause power would be fragmented, it would be impossible for one branch to take overAnti-FederalistsBelieved that the exclusion of a bill of rights would allow the government to become too powerfulFederal government might strip people of their rightsSlide13
Federalists
Leaders:
James Madison, Alexander Hamilton, John Jay
Views on Articles
Viewed the Articles as weakFavored ratification of a new constitutionViews on a strong national governmentSupported a stronger central governmentViews on a bill of rightsNot necessary since the Constitution would protect some rightsOthers guaranteed by state constitutions
Anti-Federalists
Leaders:
Patrick Henry, Richard Henry Lee, John Hancock, Samuel Adams
Views on Articles
Amend the Articles
Opposed ratification of a new constitution
Views on a strong national government
Power should stay with the states
Views on a bill of rights
Absolutely refused to consider a government that did not federally guarantee individual rightsSlide14
Ratification
Only
nine of the original thirteen need to ratify
the Constitution
New Hampshire made 9, but the Constitution did not go into effectNeeded New York and Virginia New York effectively separated the Union, and the country could not function if it refused to sign offEnough Anti-Federalists will be persuaded to ratify the Constitution with the promise to immediately amend it to include a bill of rightsOver 100 proposed bills will be submitted