Please sit in your assigned seats and quietly follow the di - PowerPoint Presentation

Slide1

Please sit in your assigned seats and quietly follow the directions below:

Answer the following question in your bell ringer notebook:

2) Which statement BEST describes the reason why the American colonies developed a separate culture from Great Britain during the era of colonization?

A) Americans spoke a different language than the British

B) the British practiced a different religion than the Americans

C) colonists and Britain were geographically separated by a great distance

D) colonists increasingly allied themselves with Native Americans against England

Explain your answer!Slide2

USHC Standard 1: The student will demonstrate an understanding of the conflicts between regional and national interest in the development of democracy in the United States.

USHC 1.2: Analyze the early development of representative government and political rights in the American colonies, including the influence of the British political system and the rule of law as written in the Magna

Carta

and the English Bill of Rights, and the conflict between the colonial legislatures and the British Parliament over the right to tax that resulted in the American Revolutionary War

.

THE ROAD TO REVOLUTIONSlide3

Last time in Survey of American History…

After the 1690’s, the English government followed a policy of salutary neglect, leaving the colonists to govern themselves.

It was the change in this policy that riled the colonists to revolt…Slide4

When did England change the policy of salutary neglect in the American colonies?

During the French and Indian War

Why did England change the policy of salutary neglect in the American colonies?

The

cost of the French and Indian War caused Great Britain change its policy toward the colonies and imposed taxes to help pay the war debt.Slide5

French and Indian War

Great Britain, British colonies, France and 12 Native American tribes

Over what?

7 Years War

TerritorySlide6

How did England change the policy of salutary neglect in the American colonies?

1. Parliament

abandoned salutary neglect and enforced their mercantilist policies by cracking down on smugglers.

a.

Mercantilism

: economic policy of exporting (selling) more than you are importing (buying)2. They

established

admiralty courts

which violated the right to trial by a jury of ones’ peers, which is a right stated in the

Magna

Carta

.

a.

Admiralty

courts

: these courts were given

jurisdiction

over a

number

of laws affecting the colonies

3. Parliament

imposed taxes on the American colonies:

a.

Sugar

Tax

: an indirect import tax which applied to anything

imported

into the colonies from a country other than Great

Britain

.

b.

Stamp

Tax

: a direct tax on paper products including, but not

limited

to, stamps.Slide7

Sugar Act

(1764)

Tax on sugar imported from foreign colonies

TARIFF ENFORCEMENT

www.tomrichey.netSlide8

The Stamp Act

(1765)

An

internal tax

on legal documents.

A cartoon protesting the Stamp Act. Colonists

boycotted

British goods in protest, causing Parliament to repeal the Stamp Act the following year.

www.tomrichey.netSlide9

Why were the colonists so upset?

Parliament’s failure to recognize the exclusive right of the colonial assemblies to collect taxes constituted “taxation without representation”.

The colonists began protesting about the loss of their

“rights as Englishmen”

and against

“taxation without representation”.“TAXATION WITHOUT REPRESENTATION”: The colonists were being forced to pay taxes levied by Parliament. Parliament did NOT include any representatives from the American colonies. Under English law, as stated in the Magna

Carta

and English Bill of Right, citizens of England could not be taxed if they were not represented in

Parliament.Slide10

How did the colonists react?

1. American

colonists protested the admiralty courts and increased smuggling.

2. Colonists

strongly opposed the Stamp Act because it was a direct tax rather than an indirect tax, such as the Sugar Act.

3. Colonists created the Sons and Daughters of Liberty and the Stamp Act Congress.4. Colonists created an effective economic boycott which led to the repeal of the Stamp Act.Slide11

Why did the Revolutionary War begin?

1. Stationing

and quartering of British troops.

a. Great

Britain sent troops to the American

colonies to enforce laws imposed by Parliament. b. Colonists were required to house and feed the British troops with no monetary compensation provided (money).

2. The

Boston Massacre.

a. The

Boston Massacre was caused by the stationing

of

British troops. A group of colonists began throwing rocks and other debris at a group of British troops. b. The soldiers responded by opening fire into the mob, which further alienated the colonists.http

://www.history.com/shows/america-the-story-of-us/videos/boston-massacre#boston-massacreSlide12

3. The

Townshend Acts

a. A

series of taxes on colonial products such

as

glass, paint, lead, paper and tea which were designed to raise money to pay the governors and judges in the colonies so they would remain loyal to the King of England4. The Tea Act

a. An

act of Parliament meant to sell the

surplus

of tea held by the British East India

Company

at bargain prices in the colonies. b. This sale would undercut the price of tea being sold in colonies and further enforce the Townshend Acts.Slide13

5. The

Boston Tea Party

a. A

political protest by the Sons of Liberty in

Boston

against the British government and the monopolistic East India Company that controlled all tea imported into the colonies.http://www.history.com/topics/boston-tea-party/videos#the-sons-of-liberty-and-the-boston-tea-party

i

.

Monopoly

: exclusive control of a commodity

or product in a particular market6. The Intolerable (Coercive) Acts a. A series of laws passed in 1774 in response to the Boston Tea Party.

b. They acts triggered outrage and resistance in the colonies, and contributed to the American Revolution.Slide14

“Intolerable Acts”

(1774)

Parliament’s Response to the Boston Tea Party

Boston Port CLOSED

Massachusetts under

Martial Law

British troops to be tried in Britain

Boston forced to

quarter

more soldiers

Quebec’s (Canada) borders extended Catholicism recognized

Contemporary Engraving of Boston Harbor, 1774

(Note ships of war)

www.tomrichey.netSlide15

7. First

Continental Congress

a. Representatives

from 12 of the 13 colonies met

in

Philadelphia to avoid a full-blown war with Great Britain. b. The colonists attending issued the Olive Branch Petition, which outlined both their grievances and their wish to reconcile the issues peacefully.

c. The

Olive Branch Petition was rejected by Great

Britain

, and in August of 1775 the colonies were

declared

in rebellion by England.8. The “shot heard ‘round the world” at Lexington and Concord a. In 1775 the first shot was fired during a standoff between British forces and colonial militia in Lexington, escalating into the Battle of Lexington and Concord.Slide16

Causes of the Revolutionary War

Create a timeline using the causes of the Revolutionary War (8/30/12 notes)

List the events, in order, that led to the Revolutionary War

Illustrate OR write a description for 4 of the 8 events