UPDATES ON PEST SITUATION AND PHYTOSANITARY ACTIVITIES IN - PowerPoint Presentation

Slide1

UPDATES ON PEST SITUATION AND PHYTOSANITARY ACTIVITIES IN AFRICAJUNE 2014 --MAY 2015.

BY

STELLA ORAKA

CDC/ IPPC REP. FOR AFRICASlide2

Situation reports of spreading invasive pests of importance

Locust Emergency Response

Programme

in Madagascar

: Food security for 13 million at risk due to locust plague. $28.8 million mobilized, $10.6 needed to complete campaign by May 2015 and avoid pest resurgence and waste of applied resources. Cost of ceasing is far greater than amount spent so far says FAO REP, Madagascar.

Island also prone to drought and cyclones, may join locust plague to cause about 40% crop loss.Slide3

Globally, Deadly TR4 of Banana Fusarium in Mozambique

Tropical Race 4 of Banana

Fusarium

wilt,

Fusarium

oxysporium

reported in

four countries in Africa, Asia, Australia, Latin America and poising to spread.

Commercial

variety,Cavadish

fallen to disease which causes wilt and mass die-off.

International experts recommend 3-prong strategy

viz

1. Prevent future outbreaks, 2. Manage existing cases 3.

Strenghten

international

colloboration

and coordination.Slide4

Globally, Deadly TR4 of Banana Fusarium in Mozambique (cont’d)

Considered as top threat to global banana industry worth $36 billion and source of income of 400 million people. Disease is also a grave danger to food security as 85% total banana production is consumed domestically

$47 million is estimated by FAO for the control work.Slide5

Tuta absoluta (tomato leaf miner

Originates

from South

America, emerged

in

Europe 2006,

successfully invaded parts of the European Union (EU), North Africa and some west and east

African(e.g. Kenya 2014) countries.

Jugding

for rate of spread may enter South Africa by end of 2015.

Causes yield losses of up to 50% - 100% and can rapidly develop resistance to pesticides.

S.A. Plant Protection & DAFF developing early warning system for pest as part of South

African Emergency Plant Pest Response Plan Slide6

Tuta absoluta (tomato leaf miner(cont’d)

S.A. Plant Protection & DAFF developing early warning system for pest as part of South

African Emergency Plant Pest Response

Plan.

Presently the pest is strictly controlled through quarantine and

t

omato fruits should be from green vegetative parts

Slide7

Potato cyst nematode (Globodera rostochiensis

) reported in Kenya

Only

control measure is to stop potato production in infested farms for up to 7

years but can remain for 30 years.

Pest originated from Peru, occur in Algeria, Libya,

Tunisia and Morocco (under

quarantines. Controlled in Sierra Leone.Slide8

Controls of food security threats and pests in the Southern

Africa

$4 million fund better management of

transboundary

plant and animal pests and disease has been by African Solidarity fund to benefit 8 countries

viz

: Angola,

Botwana

, Madagascar, South Africa, Mozambique, Namibia, Zambia and Zimbabwe in Southern Africa.

An initiative for mobilizing resources ‘from Africa for Africa’.Slide9

Biosecurity Project for ten African countries

– Australian investment

The Australian

International Food Security Research Centre launched

of a two-year, $800,000 

initiative

 for

sub-Saharan Africa to

help 10 countries become better equipped to combat plant biosecurity

threats.

Project covers

 food

safety

 hazards, animal diseases and plant

pests.

chief executive of the Plant Biosecurity Cooperative Research

Centre said that "

pests and diseases are the single biggest threat to the quality and safety of

produce in Africa, hinder economic growth and contribute to poverty.Slide10

Biosecurity Project for ten African countries

– Australian investment (

contd

)

Fusarium

wilt

, also known as Panama disease,

spread from Asia to Africa

.

In 2003, 

Bactrocera

invadens

, a highly destructive Asian fruit fly pest, was detected in Kenya and has spread across the continent.

Tuta

absoluta

 – a tomato pest – was reported for the first time in Senegal in 2012, and is moving south through the continent.

"Maize lethal necrosis virus

, another new example, is causing major crop losses in

east. Africa.

Other invasive pests:

Cassava brown streak virus

,

banana bunchy top virus

,

cassava mosaic virusSlide11

Biosecurity Project for ten African countries

– Australian investment (

contd

)

Are biosecurity measures getting worse?

"Pests are moving a lot more now, and the preparedness of countries is

weak’’ says experts.

Plant Biosecurity Capacity Development

Initiative include

placements of African specialists in relevant Australian institutions; workshops in

Africa, mentoring

programme

and funding to help participants develop biosecurity action plans at national and regional

level.Slide12

Fruitfly control: capacity building initiatives

FAO/IAEA Regional Training Course on Fruit Fly

Biocontrol

in West

Africa.

Regional TC Project RAF5061). 2–6 March 2015, Nairobi, Kenya

.

FAO/IAEA Regional Meeting on SIT

Application

, Including Rearing, Irradiation and Release of Fruit Flies (under TC Project RAF5062).

24–

26 June 2015

Reduit

,

Mauritius.

Training course in taxonomy and systematics of

Afrcan

fruit flies organized by Royal Museum for Central Africa, Belgium and

Sokoine

University of Agriculture, Tanzania from 04-20 May 2015. Slide13

Fruitfly control: capacity building initiatives(contd)

Zimbabwe Ministry of Agriculture,

Mechanisation

and Irrigation Development and FAO has launched a project to control

fruitfly

that will run till December 2015. Banks and financial institutions were also encourage to support the initiative in order for the country to surmount restrictions placed on fruit and vegetable exports by her trading partners as result of the pest.Slide14

SUCCESS STORIES

Ethiopia earn $114 million from fruits and vegetable exports

to EU, YEMEN, SOMALIA, DJIBOUTI, SUDAN AND OTHERS in the first 6 months. It earned $246 million in fiscal year ending

july

2014. New investors come from Netherlands, India, Ecuador and Saudi Arabia.

Morocco, not a food insecure country

, has avoided political upheaval arising for Arab Spring, developed agriculture on two pillars

viz

: focus on 1.large farms and 2. small holder and family farming. Economic growth was 5% in 2011, 4.4 % in 2013. Slide15

SUCCESS STORIES(contd)

West and Central African Council of Agricultural Research and Development(CORAL/WECARD

) has produced 70 short films with over 8100 views on You Tube targeted at about 318 million people of which 70% live in rural areas. Viewer get a glimpse of the 55 coordinated projects putting farmers in the

centre

of the innovative practices and encourages learning through interchange of ideas,

sucesses

, failures between

stakehoders

.Slide16

SUCCESS STORIES(contd)

Fruit Fly Africa

is an

industry owned service body created to plan, co-ordinate and execute area-wide fruit fly control

programmes

in South Africa.

 Area based

programmes

are tailor-made for specific production

regions and

Sterile Insect Technique (SIT) forms part of the integrated approach.

U

p

to 14 million

sterile Medfly

males per week are currently produced at the

Medfly mass rearing facility. 

Host plant management, trap setting, monitoring of FF population,

Baiting of non-farm hotspots,  releases of sterile fruit flies 

,

Liaising

with national and international fruit fly and SIT experts