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The Earliest Humans Outcome: Human Migration & Beginning of Agriculture The Earliest Humans Outcome: Human Migration & Beginning of Agriculture

The Earliest Humans Outcome: Human Migration & Beginning of Agriculture - PowerPoint Presentation

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Uploaded On 2020-06-16

The Earliest Humans Outcome: Human Migration & Beginning of Agriculture - PPT Presentation

Human Migration amp Beginning of Agriculture   Setting the Stage Who are we Ev idence suggests humans could be much older than originally thought Scientists use artifacts to search for answers ID: 778315

human amp beginning migration amp human migration beginning agriculture humans years 000 lucy homo early africa footprints farming turn

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Presentation Transcript

Slide1

The Earliest Humans

Outcome: Human Migration & Beginning of Agriculture

Slide2

Human Migration & Beginning of Agriculture

 

Setting the Stage: Who are we?

Evidence suggests humans could be much older than originally thoughtScientists use artifacts to search for answersArtifact: human made objects like tools and jewelryUnfortunately, prehistory can leave more questions than answersPrehistory: time before the invention of writing

Slide3

Human Migration & Beginning of Agriculture

Important: The

story is not complete

and there are many questions left to answerTwo prevailing ideas (you will not be forced to pick a side):Creation: Idea that a higher power put humans on earthEvolution: Theory that humans evolved from another being

Slide4

Human Migration & Beginning of Agriculture

Interesting Evidence Found in Africa

Anthropologists

(people who study culture) and paleontologists (people who study fossils) attempt to use artifacts and fossils to understand early human’s cultureCulture: a people’s unique way of life

Slide5

Lucy

Slide6

Human Migration & Beginning of Agriculture

Lucy

Unusually

complete skeleton of female hominidHominid: being that walks upright on two legsDiscovered by Donald Johanson in 1974 in AfricaNamed after Beatles song “Lucy in the Sky with Diamonds”Dated to be 3.5 million years old

Slide7

Laetoli Footprints

Slide8

Human Migration & Beginning of Agriculture

Laetoli

Footprints

Two hominid footprints preserved in volcanic ash in AfricaFound by anthropologist Mary Leaky in 1978Dated to be 3.6 million years old

Slide9

Human Migration & Beginning of Agriculture

Neither

Lucy nor the

Laetoli footprints were made by actual humansOther beings such as Cro-Magnons, homo erectus, & Neatherthals walked the earth before we didNo link to these beings has been made; “missing link”

Slide10

Migration out of Africa

Slide11

Human Migration & Beginning of Agriculture

Humans Migrate

Humans are known as

homo sapiens which means “wise men” due to brain sizeEventually homo erectus & homo sapiens migrated out of AfricaEarly humans were nomads or highly mobile people who move from place to place foraging, or searching for new sources of foodAll early humans were also hunter-gatherersHunter-gatherers: those whose food supply depended on

hunting animals

and

collecting

plant foods

Estimates show they started leaving Africa around

125,000

years ago

Slide12

Human Migration & Beginning of Agriculture

Settled in

Europe 33,000

years ago, China 67,000 years ago, Australia 38,000 years ago, North America 12,000 years ago, and South America 12- 33,000 years agoWe know this due to similar stone tool artifacts found in different regions that date to roughly the same time periodShows that early humans used technology: applying knowledge, tools, and inventions to meet their needs

Slide13

Human Migration & Beginning of Agriculture

Why did they leave Africa?

Competition with other humans

Following animal herdsHuman curiosity

Slide14

Human Migration & Beginning of Agriculture

Agriculture Changes Everything!

Early nomadic humans lived in bands of

25-70 peopleAround 10,000 years ago, the Neolithic Revolution began: the beginning of farmingIt started accidentally when some women scattered seeds near a campsite and noticed crops growing there when they came back next seasonRising temperatures worldwide provided longer growing seasonsFarming produces more food than hunting or gathering

Slide15

Human Migration & Beginning of Agriculture

More food means a

higher population

, thus more laborDue to labor and farming methods, permanent settlements developedPermanent settlements turn into villages, villages turn into cities, cities turn into civilizationsOnce you reach a certain population, you can begin specializationSpecialization: the development of skills in a specific kind of work (other than farming)

Slide16

Human Migration & Beginning of Agriculture

Slash & burn

farming was used (cut a field and burn it for nutrients)

Domestication or taming of animals began as well

Slide17

Coming Up Next…!

Eventually all of this led to the creation of the first civilization on Earth in

Mesopotamia

called Sumer