PPT-Phylogeny & The Tree of Life

Phylogeny The evolutionary history of a species or group of species Convergent Evolution A process in which species from different evolutionary branches may come to resemble each other if they live in similar environments and natural selection favored similar adaptions. Phylogenies. The process of evolution produces a pattern of relationships between species. . As . lineages evolve and split and modifications are inherited, their evolutionary paths diverge. . This . - based on whole genome data. Johanne Ahrenfeldt . Research Assistant. Overview. What is Phylogeny and what can it be used for. S. ingle . N. ucleotide . P. olymorphism (SNP) methods. - . snpTree. . 26.1. Phylogeny. Evolutionary history of a species or a group of related species. Made by using evidence from systematics. Focuses on classifying organisms & relationships. Uses fossils, morphology, genes, & molecular evidence. Systematics. Phylogeny. Phylon. = tribe, . geny. . = genesis or origin. The evolutionary history of a species or a group of related species.. Investigating the Tree of Life. Phylogeny: the evolutionary history of a species or group of species. Investigating the Tree of Life. Legless lizards have evolved independently in several different groups. Figure 26.1. Phylogeny. is the evolutionary history of a species or group of related species. For example, a phylogeny shows that legless lizards and snakes evolved from different lineages of legged lizards. http://thumbnails.visually.netdna-cdn.com/the-great-tree-of-life_505ba0c07cda2.gif. Figure 26.1 Some major episodes in the history of life. Figure 26.15 Whittaker’s five-kingdom system. Figure 26.16 Our changing view of biological diversity. We… . 1. st. : Classify the organisms in genres?. 2. nd. : . Discover . Evolutionary Relationships?. Evolution: Classification. Phylogeny. Cladistics. Dichotomous . Keys. Classification. How do scientists classify &identify organisms?. “Inferring Phylogenies” . Joseph Felsenstein. Excellent reference. What is a phylogeny?. Different Representations. Cladogram - branching pattern only. Phylogram - branch lengths are estimated and drawn proportional to the amount of change along the branch. Tandy Warnow. The University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign. Orangutan. Gorilla. Chimpanzee. Human. From the Tree of the Life Website,. University of Arizona. Phylogeny. (evolutionary tree). DNA Sequence Evolution. Objective. SWBAT explain and demonstrate that organisms share many conserved core processes and features that evolved and are widely distributed among organisms today.. Agenda. Chapter 25 Quiz. Chapter 26 notes: sections 26.1, 26.2, and 26.3. The first Darwinian principle told that every phylogenetic tree has one common ancestor. .. Phylogen. e. tic analysis is the study of taxonomic relationships among lineages. .. Willi Hennig . (1913-1976). Phylogenies. Dr Laura Emery . Laura.Emery@ebi.ac.uk. www.ebi.ac.uk. /training. Objectives. After this tutorial you should be able to…. Use essential phylogenetic . terminology . effectively. Discuss aspects of phylogenies and their implications for phylogenetic . Introduction to evolution. Introduction to phylogenetic trees. Build a phylogeny 1. Build a phylogeny 2. Applying phylogenetic trees. Learning objectives. Be able to read a phylogenetic trees and predict evolutionary relationships. Jasmin . sutkovic. What are those?. Phylogenetic trees . represent . the evolutionary relationships among a set of organisms or groups of . organisms. These organisms are c. alled. . taxa (singular: taxon) that are believed to have a common ancestor.