An Analogy shows the relationship between a pair of words An analogy is set up like this ABCD The relationship between A and B is the same as the relationship between C and D For Example ID: 655925
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Slide1
Analogies
What are they?Slide2
An Analogy shows the relationship between a pair of words.
An analogy is set up like this:
A:B::C:D
The relationship between A and B is the same as the relationship between C and D.
For Example:
calf : cow :: chick: hen
(a calf is a baby cow and a chick is a baby hen)Slide3
A trick to solving an Analogy is to create
a sentence that states the relationship between the first pair of words.
Example:
Wealthy : poor:: selfish : _______________________
A. rich
B. greedy
C. generous
D. needy
If a person is
wealthy,
he is not
poor.
Use the same sentence for the second part of the analogy.
If a person is
selfish,
he is not
___________.
C is the answer. If a person is selfish, he is not generous.Slide4
Sometimes only one word in an analogy is missing and you must choose the missing word.
s
hatter : break:: mend : ___________.
A. repair
B. drop
C. place
D. broken
Remember to think of a sentence to help you find the relationship between the words.
If you
shatter
something you
break
it.
If you
mend
something you _________ it. Slide5
On some tests a pair of words in an analogy is missing.
Steal : take ::
A. cheat: robber
B. beg: donate
C. give: supply
D. reject: accept
You would still write or think of a sentence for the pair of words that are given to find the pair of words that are missing.
If you
stea
l something you
take
it.
If you
give
something you
supply
it.
The answer would be
C.Slide6
Be sure to create a sentence to use the words in the order they are given.
Don’t pick the one that seems right. Read all of your choices.
The words that make up the two pairs of words in an analogy should be matching parts of speech.
Example: King: wealthy:: peasant:
A. queen
B. poverty
C. rich
D.
poor
Wealthy is an adjective so your answer should also be an adjective
.
Poor is an adjective so that will be you’re answer.Slide7
Think of a sentence to describe the relationship between the pairs of words in these analogies.
wallet : money ::
bookbag
: books
A
wallet
is used to carry
money
.
A
bookbag
is used to carry
books.Slide8
Example
: coat : clothing :: pizza: food
A
coat
is a type of
clothing
.
Pizza
is a type of
food
.
Example
: pen : write :: scissors: cut
I use a
pen
to
write
.
I use
scissors
to
cut.Slide9
Try it when a pair of words are missing?
Lead is to follow ::
A. show: guide
B. walk: go
C. school: teach
D. give: take
If I
lead
I do not
follow
.
If I
give
I do not
take
.Slide10
Don’t get stuck on looking for just one kind of
relationship.
Analogies can be:
Synonyms-
words with the same meaning
Example: crabby : cranky :: boring :
dull
Antonyms
- opposites
Example
: afraid: brave:: kind :
cruel
Cause and Effect:
A cause make something happen
Example:
raindrops: flood :: snowflakes :blizzard
Whole to part
identify a whole and than a part of it
Example:
duck: feathers:: rabbit: furSlide11
Purpose
– an item and its purpose.
Example
: broom: sweep:: saddle: ride
Action to Object
– an item used to do something.
Example:
w
rite: pencil :: dry: towel
Place to Place:
the relationship between two places.
E
xample:
Phoenix : Arizona :: Des Moines: IowaSlide12
Association
: words that are closely related.
Example
: baseball: homerun :: football:
A. pin
B. touchdown
C. ball
D. sport
Sequence:
things that happen in order
Example: toddle : walk :: babble :
A. scoot
B. crawl
C. stumble
D. talkSlide13
Characteristics
-
an item and a characteristic of it.
Example
: comedy: funny :: tragedy:
A. play
B. stage
C. laughter
D. sad
Degree –
a comparison of two things
Example:
Look: stare:: frown:
A. scowl
B. lips
C. wink
D. speakSlide14
Measurement
- time, weight,
lbs
, etc.
Example
: year: month:: month: day
Worker to tool
– relates workers to their tools
Example:
farmer: plow:: blacksmith: anvil
Location to Object -
a location and something found in that location
Example:
kitchen: stove :: bedroom: bed
Categories:
items and the category they belong in
Example:
Human: mammal: : crow: birdSlide15
Let’s try some!