Prehistory to around 650 - PowerPoint Presentation

Slide1

Prehistory to around 650 CE

AP World History ReviewSlide2

A characteristic of the human species before the advent of civilization was:A) the ability to spread to various geographic settings and climate zones.B) the ability to organize large political units.

C) the inability to communicate about abstractions such as death.

D) that all tasks were shared equally by men and women.E) land ownership was equal.Slide3

A) the ability to spread to various geographic settings and climate zones.

And the answer isSlide4

The Paleolithic Age refers to:A) the period at which agriculture was developed.B) the period in which simple stone tools were developed.

C) the period before the full development of the homo sapiens species.

D) the period before people learned how to communicate.E) the latest of the two stone ages.Slide5

B) the period in which simple stone tools were developed.

And the answer isSlide6

3) Hunting and gathering societies:A) are not able to produce art.B) are always warlike.C) organized rather small groups into political units.

D) could not survive after Middle Eastern people developed agriculture.

E) generally produce a food surplus.Slide7

C) organized rather small groups into political units.

And the answer isSlide8

4) The development of agriculture caused important changes in all of the following EXCEPT:A) population size and life expectancy.

B) male-female relations.

C) the tendency to believe in many gods.D) the stability of human settlements.E) the development of complex social patterns.Slide9

C) the tendency to believe in many gods.

And the answer isSlide10

5) The tenth century B. C. E. refers to:A) 999–900 years before the birth of Christ.B) 1099–1000 years before the birth of Christ.

C) 1049–1000 years before the birth of Christ.

D) 1199–1100 years before the birth of Christ.E) 1299–1200 years before the birth of Christ.Slide11

A) 999–900 years before the birth of Christ.

And the answer isSlide12

6) Why did the original inhabitants of Australia not develop agriculture?A) Australian soil was too barren to grow crops.B) The Australian climate was too severe.

C) The first Australians were too isolated to learn of developments elsewhere until recently.

D) Australia was too crowded to permit land use for agriculture.E) They were prevented from doing so by the Neolithic Revolution.Slide13

C) The first Australians were too isolated to learn of developments elsewhere until recently.

And the answer isSlide14

7) The Neolithic revolution occurred first in:A) Egypt.B) the Middle East.C) Central America.

D) China.

E) India.Slide15

B) the Middle East.

And the answer isSlide16

8) Once developed, metal tools were preferred over stone tools for all of the following reasons EXCEPT:A) they were easier for ordinary people to make at home.

B) they were sharper and more precise.

C) they permitted more diverse shapes.D) they made more accurate weapons.B) they were more durable.Slide17

A) they were easier for ordinary people to make at home.

And the answer isSlide18

A society is almost certainly a civilization if:A) it is agricultural.B) it involves tool use.C) it has cities.

D) it has some political structure.

E) it gathers food to survive.Slide19

A) it is agricultural.

And the answer isSlide20

10) Egypt differed from Mesopotamian civilization by stressing:A) well-organized, durable empires.B) extensive trade.C) firm religious beliefs.

D) greater social equality.

E) more modest building projects.Slide21

A) well-organized, durable empires.

And the answer isSlide22

11) Sumerian civilization produced the first:A) written law code.B) monotheistic religion.C) examples of warfare among people.

D) mass literacy.

E) coined money.Slide23

A) written law code.

And the answer isSlide24

12) Which river-valley civilization was most completely destroyed by invasion?A) Hwang HoB) IndusC) Nile

D) Tigris-Euphrates

E) MekongSlide25

B) Indus

And the answer isSlide26

13) The characteristic political organization of the Tigris-Euphrates civilization was:A) democracy.B) large, durable empires.C) village-level government.

D) regional city states.

E) hunting bands.Slide27

D) regional city states.

And the answer isSlide28

14) Jewish monotheism:A) was spread actively by Jewish missionaries throughout the Middle East.B) emphasized the power and abstraction of God.

C) included worship of various lesser gods.

D) emerged at the high point of Sumerian civilization.E) influenced no other religions.Slide29

B) emphasized the power and abstraction of God.

And the answer isSlide30

15) The development of writing:A) resulted from new technologies, notably the invention of paper.B) helps explain why agriculture could develop.

C) helps explain why governments could become more formal and bureaucratic.

D) resulted from the needs of the various river-valley civilizations to communicate with one another.E) was unusual in an agricultural society.Slide31

C) helps explain why governments could become more formal and bureaucratic.

And the answer isSlide32

16) Chinese art featured:A) frequent shifts in style.B) careful craftsmanship and detail work.C) monumental temples and stadiums.

D) emphasis on God and the holy family.

E) images of perfectly proportioned humans.Slide33

B) careful craftsmanship and detail work.

And the answer isSlide34

India’s political tradition:A) involved the renunciation of violence and warfare.B) stressed the importance of regional and local units.

C) emphasized the emperor as Son of Heaven.

D) insisted on religious uniformity.E) required frequent wars of expansion.Slide35

B) stressed the importance of regional and local units.

And the answer isSlide36

The Aryan conquerors brought to India:A) its first civilization.B) distinctive religious ideas.C) admiration for India’s earlier inhabitants.

D) new agricultural techniques.

E) political democracy.Slide37

B) distinctive religious ideas.

And the answer isSlide38

The Mauryan dynasty differed from the Gupta dynasty in that:A) it was imposed by conquerors from Greece.B) it ruled a larger territory.

C) it attacked Buddhist beliefs.

D) it refused to develop a strong army.E) Mauryan rulers opposed the caste system.Slide39

B) it ruled a larger territory.

And the answer isSlide40

The Indian caste system served to an extent as a political institution by:A) enforcing rules about social behavior.B) unifying the subcontinent under a single government.

C) creating widespread interest in constitutional issues.

D) promoting a belief in individual rights.E) causing unrest and rebellion.Slide41

A) enforcing rules about social behavior.

And the answer isSlide42

Hindu ethics involved:A) a detailed set of prohibitions on sexual activity.B) emphasis on an individual carrying out the obligations of life.

C) attack on all opposing religious faiths.

D) condemnations of money-making.E) finding ultimate happiness.Slide43

B) emphasis on an individual carrying out the obligations of life.

And the answer isSlide44

“Nirvana” meant:A) full union with the divine essence.B) reincarnation in a higher caste after a good life.C) the Hindu holy book.

D) obedience to the rules of the caste system.

E) acquiring earthly wealth.Slide45

A) full union with the divine essence.

And the answer isSlide46

Buddhism differed from Hinduism by not believing:A) in the caste system.B) in holy leaders.C) in nirvana.

D) in the importance of moral obligations.

E) in spreading the faith.Slide47

A) in the caste system.And the answer isSlide48

India’s trading network involved direct contact with all of the following EXCEPT:A) southeast Asia.

B) the Middle East.

C) China.D) Russia.E) central Asia.Slide49

D) Russia.

And the answer isSlide50

Hinduism urged that:A) withdrawal from the world was the only path to holiness.B) Brahmins would automatically gain nirvana after death.

C) all living creatures participated in the divine essence.

D) worship of nature’s spirits and images was blasphemous.E) monotheism was superior to polytheism.Slide51

C) all living creatures participated in the divine essence.

And the answer isSlide52

Which of the following does NOT describe important features of Indian art?A) sensual

B) linked to religious beliefs

C) opposed to the use of animal figuresD) influenced by styles from other culturesE) showed human figuresSlide53

C) opposed to the use of animal figures

And the answer isSlide54

Compared to China, Indian social and economic structure:A) showed greater interest in technological innovation.B) made it easier for a peasant to rise to higher status.

C) relied on conquest of foreign territories.

D) gave greater latitude to merchants.E) tended to discourage commerce.Slide55

D) gave greater latitude to merchants.

And the answer isSlide56

Compared to China, India:A) lacked regional diversity.B) had greater contact with other societies and civilizations.C) had a more flexible social structure.

D) was more secular in outlook.

E) had much more recent origins.Slide57

B) had greater contact with other societies and civilizations.

And the answer isSlide58

Confucian and Hindu values both:A) focused attention on the afterlife.B) helped justify and preserve social inequality.C) urged the importance of political activity.

D) tried to outlaw war.

E) resulted in the building of magnificent temples.Slide59

B) helped justify and preserve social inequality.

And the answer isSlide60

In the classical period, both China and India:A) showed considerable tolerance for different religions.B) attempted to conquer the most territory possible.

C) developed a lasting tradition of strong, centralized government.

D) welcomed influences from other cultures.E) created cultural traditions which rapidly died off.Slide61

A) showed considerable tolerance for different religions.

And the answer isSlide62

In contrast to the situation in China, the values developed in classical India:A) promoted considerable equality between men and women.B) encouraged greater emotional spontaneity.

C) urged that children not be required to work.

D) discouraged scientific research.E) led to great political expansion.Slide63

B) encouraged greater emotional spontaneity.

And the answer isSlide64

Which of the following does NOT help explain why India was more often invaded than China?A) geographical position

B) hostility to warfare

C) regional diversitiesD) political traditionE) lack of a military cultureSlide65

B) hostility to warfareAnd the answer isSlide66

If the Greek genius was politics, the Roman genius was:A) engineering.B) poetry.C) science.

D) democracy.

E) music.Slide67

A) engineering.

And the answer isSlide68

Greek and Roman agriculture:A) exported grain to Asia.B) concentrated on vegetables and dairy products.C) employed only a minority of the population.

D) tended to develop large, commercial estates.

E) ignored grape and olive cultivation.Slide69

D) tended to develop large, commercial estates.

And the answer isSlide70

Compared to modern American ideas about democracy, Athenian democracy was distinctive:A) urging that the state adopt policies to benefit ordinary citizens.B) separating foreign residents from citizens.

C) naming experienced leaders as military generals.

D) urging that all citizens participate directly in law- and policy-making.E) in its concept of citizenship.Slide71

D) urging that all citizens participate directly in law- and policy-making.

And the answer isSlide72

The Socratic method emphasized the importance of:A) faith in authority.B) laboratory experiment.C) questioning.

D) harmony.

E) respect for elders.Slide73

C) questioning.

And the answer isSlide74

The Senate of republican Rome particularly represented:A) the landed aristocracy.B) the emperors.C) the urban workers.

D) the merchants and businessmen.

E) the non-native Romans.Slide75

A) the landed aristocracy.

And the answer isSlide76

The Greek and Hellenistic approach in science:A) stressed the importance of practical applications.B) stressed the regional regularities of nature.

C) heavily influenced China’s scientific approach.

D) emphasized the mysterious forces of nature.E) was purely theoretical.Slide77

B) stressed the regional regularities of nature.

And the answer isSlide78

Roman emperors tried to content the masses by:A) dividing the great landed estates.B) granting the vote.C) abolishing slavery.

D) organizing food supplies and distribution.

E) enlarging the empire.Slide79

D) organizing food supplies and distribution.

And the answer isSlide80

Hellenistic society registered special advances in:A) science.B) Latin literature.C) democracy.

D) religious thought.

E) warfare.Slide81

A) science.

And the answer isSlide82

Roman slaves were used for all of the following EXCEPT:A) work in the mines.

B) agricultural labor.

C) household care and tutoring.D) military service.E) entertainment.Slide83

D) military service.

And the answer isSlide84

The Roman Empire:A) tolerated local political and religious diversity.B) insisted that all inhabitants become Roman citizens.C) prevented foreigners from trading within the empire.

D) set up a military draft to supply the Roman legions.

E) allowed no political participation.Slide85

A) tolerated local political and religious diversity.

And the answer isSlide86

Republican Romans and democratic Athenians would have agreed that all of the following were politically important EXCEPT:A) proper worship of the gods.

B) a strong military.

C) division of powers within the state.D) splendid public buildings.E) an involved citizenry.Slide87

C) division of powers within the state.

And the answer isSlide88

Greek politics resembled Indian politics in:A) the wide interest in diverse political theory.B) the role of slave labor in providing revenues.

C) the inclusion of women as political leaders.

D) the tendency of regional fragmentation.E) the use of military rulers.Slide89

D) the tendency of regional fragmentation.

And the answer isSlide90

From a Confucian viewpoint, the Roman Empire might have been criticized for placing too much confidence in:A) divine backing for the emperor.B) public works functions.

C) laws rather than trained officials.

D) harsh punishments of criminals.E) religious conviction.Slide91

C) laws rather than trained officials.

And the answer isSlide92

Compared to Chinese architecture, Greek and Roman architecture:A) was particularly devoted to government buildings.B) featured monumental styles.

C) emphasized tall towers and steeples.

D) avoided the use of color and decoration.E) did not emphasize balance.Slide93

B) featured monumental styles.

And the answer isSlide94

Which of the following were the most venturesome sailors in the classical world?A) RomansB) VikingsC) South Indians

D) Northern Chinese

E) HunsSlide95

C) South Indians

And the answer isSlide96

The spread of Buddhism to China is an example of:A) the end of Daoism in China.B) technological determinism.C) cultural diffusion.

D) the cultural superiority of India.

E) religious intolerance.Slide97

C) cultural diffusion.

And the answer isSlide98

After 200 C. E., an increasing number of people in Asia, Europe, and North Africa began to adapt faiths characterized by:A) scientific rationalism.B) monotheism.

C) animism.

D) secularism.E) ancestor worship.Slide99

B) monotheism.

And the answer isSlide100

One important early symptom of Rome’s decline was:A) the drop in population.B) the use of slave labor.C) the replacement of republic by empire.

D) the weakness of the eastern portion of the empire compared to the west.

E) acceptance of Christianity.Slide101

A) the drop in population.

And the answer isSlide102

The end of the Gupta empire differed from the decline of Rome in that it did not involve:A) a change in political institutions.B) outside invasion.

C) the introduction of a new religion for the majority.

D) the weakening of central government.E) big cultural changes.Slide103

C) the introduction of a new religion for the majority.

And the answer isSlide104

The eastern portion of the Roman empire experienced less decline than the west for all the following reasons EXCEPT:A) the east had older traditions of civilization.

B) the east resisted the spread of Christianity.

C) the east faced less pressure from barbarian invasions.D) the east had more active trade.E) the east was more wealthy.Slide105

B) the east resisted the spread of Christianity.

And the answer isSlide106

By 600, looking at the entire world, a good definition of “barbarian” would be:A) someone who fights better than a peasant-soldier.B) someone who is not Christian.

C) someone who is not part of a civilization.

D) someone who is illiterate.E) someone who is a knight.Slide107

C) someone who is not part of a civilization.

And the answer isSlide108

Nomadic invaders often had military advantages over the armies of empires because:A) they had larger forces with more soldiers.B) they developed better supply lines.

C) they believed they were fighting inferior cultures.

D) they were more skilled as horsemen.E) they had smaller distances to cover.Slide109

D) they were more skilled as horsemen.

And the answer isSlide110

Which of the following best survived the Hun invasions in India?A) Hindu beliefsB) Political unityC) Nationalist beliefs

D) Buddhist beliefs

E) Aryan traditionsSlide111

A) Hindu beliefs

And the answer isSlide112

Despite major differences, Christianity, Hinduism, and Buddhism all show interest in:A) strong priesthood.B) clearly organized church structures.

C) absolute hostility to the worship of religious images and spirits of nature.

D) life after death.E) polytheism.Slide113

D) life after death.And the answer isSlide114

Compared to Hinduism and Buddhism, all of the following constitute distinctive features of late-Roman Christianity EXCEPT:A) intolerance for competing beliefs.

B) belief in a divine trinity.

C) belief that an evil life will be punished.D) a strong hierarchy of church officials.E) a strong evangelizing impulse.Slide115

C) belief that an evil life will be punished.And the answer isSlide116

Everywhere it spread, Buddhism stressedA) worship of Buddha as a god.B) strong church organization.C) meditation and ethical behavior.

D) the impossibility of attaining nirvana except by multiple reincarnations.

E) the worthlessness of all competing religionsSlide117

C) meditation and ethical behavior.

And the answer isSlide118

The first kingdoms in Africa below the Sahara showed the influence of:A) Egypt and Hellenism.B) Rome and Phoenicia.C) Indian merchants and missionaries.

D) the flight of Jews from Israel.

E) Persia.Slide119

A) Egypt and Hellenism.

And the answer isSlide120

The “lessons” of late Han China and the late Roman empire are that the decline of a civilization, whether temporary or permanent,:

A) is not simply the result of attack by outside invaders.

B) follows inevitably from centralized, unrepresentative government.

C) results from undue dependence on slavery.

D) results from social rebellion in which the poor attack the rich and tear down their institutions.

E) results from a lack of religious conviction.Slide121

A) is not simply the result of attack by outside invaders.

And the answer isSlide122

Compared to Hinduism, Christianity is more likely to:A) see humans as superior to the rest of nature.B) believe that women are morally superior to men.

C) approve of sexual pleasure.

D) tolerate other beliefs.E) be polytheistic.Slide123

A) see humans as superior to the rest of nature.

And the answer isSlide124

By 600 C. E., an early civilization was beginning to take shape in:A) Central America.B) Brazil.C) the west coast of North America.

D) Russia.

E) the West Indies.Slide125

A) Central America.

And the answer isSlide126

Islam means:A) “dedication to Allah.”B) “victory.”C) “submission.”

D) “peace.”

E) “people of the book.”Slide127

C) “submission.”

And the answer isSlide128

Which of the following areas was NOT affected by Islam in the millennium after 600 A.D.?A) Africa

B) Europe

C) AsiaD) South AmericaE) ChinaSlide129

D) South America

And the answer isSlide130

The Arabic camel nomads were referred to as:A) Hashim.B) bedouin.C) mawali.

D) ayan.

E) fellahin.Slide131

B) bedouin.And the answer isSlide132

Which of the following statements most accurately describes the extent of sedentary agriculture in the Arabian peninsula?

A) There was no sedentary agriculture in the Arabian peninsula because of the extreme aridity of the climate.

B) In the far north along the borders with the Persian empire sedentary agriculture was common.

C) In the far south on the Yemen and

Hadramaut

coasts extensive sedentary agriculture developed in ancient times.

D) Sedentary agriculture was distributed throughout the peninsula as the result of the construction of extensive irrigation systems.

E) The area around Mecca was characterized by sedentary agriculture.Slide133

C) In the far south on the Yemen and Hadramaut coasts extensive sedentary agriculture developed in ancient times.

And the answer isSlide134

Which of the following cultures found in the Arabian peninsula was most significant in shaping the development of Islam?A) bedouinB) urban

C) sedentary agricultural villages

D) hunting and gatheringE) medievalSlide135

A) bedouin

And the answer isSlide136

Which of the following statements concerning bedouin society is NOT accurate?A) Bedouin herders lived in kin:-related clan groups.

B) Bedouins lived in highly mobile tent encampments.

C) Clans were commonly congregated together in larger tribal groupings.D) Arabian society fostered strong dependence on loyalty and cooperation with kin.

E) Bedouins were rarely found living in urban areas.Slide137

C) Clans were commonly congregated together in larger tribal groupings.

And the answer isSlide138

Leaders of bedouin clans were calledA) shaykhs.B) wazirs.C) mawali.

D) dhows.

E) imams.Slide139

A) shaykhs.

And the answer isSlide140

Which of the following groups was NOT a component of bedouin society?A) shaykhs

B) free warriors

C) artisansD) slavesE) herdersSlide141

And the answer is

C) artisansSlide142

Which of the following statements concerning inter-clan relationships in bedouin

society is most accurate?

A) Clans within the same tribe almost never engaged in warfare, but violence between different tribes was common.

B) Arabic society was too mobile to result in many contacts between clans, therefore violence was minimal.

C) Inter-clan violence over control of water and pasturage was common.

D) Inter-clan violence was regulated by a universally recognized code of law imposed by the

Quraysh

in Mecca.

E) Violence in Bedouin society was generally limited to slave uprisings.Slide143

C) Inter-clan violence over control of water and pasturage was common.

And the answer isSlide144

What was the result of inter-clan rivalries?

A) It kept population down in a region that could support few people.

B) It weakened the

bedouin

in comparison to neighboring peoples and empires.

C) It allowed for intermarriage between clan groups, thus preventing social isolation.

D) It prevented mobility and migration that would have debilitated efforts at more complex social organization.

E) It strengthened them and enabled them to challenge their neighbors.Slide145

B) It weakened the bedouin in comparison to neighboring peoples and empires.

And the answer isSlide146

What clan was responsible for the foundation of Mecca?A) UmayyadB) AbbasidC) Aghlabid

D) Almoravid

E) TurksSlide147

A) Umayyad

And the answer isSlide148

What was the Ka’ba?A) the tribe that dominated MeccaB) the name given to Muhammad’s flight from MeccaC) the port of Mecca

D) the religious shrine that was the focus of an annual truce

E) the belief in holy warSlide149

D) the religious shrine that was the focus of an annual truce

And the answer isSlide150

What was the major difference between Medina and Mecca?

A) Political dominance in Medina was contested between a number of Jewish and

bedouin tribes.

B) Mecca was established in an oasis, and Medina was in a mountainous region.

C) Medina was engaged in long-distance caravan trade, while Mecca was not.

D) Medina was located on the western side of the Arabian peninsula, while Mecca was located on the Persian Gulf.

E) Medina was controlled by Coptic ChristiansSlide151

A) Political dominance in Medina was contested between a number of Jewish and bedouin tribes.

And the answer isSlide152

Which of the following statements most accurately describes the status of women in bedouin

society prior to Islam?

A) Women were regarded as little more than property with neither rights nor status.

B) Descent in

bedouin

tribes was strictly

patrilineal

.

C) Women were the equal of males in the rugged society of the desert

bedouin

.

D) Women in pre-Islamic

bedouin

culture enjoyed greater freedom and higher status than those of the Byzantine and Persian Empires.

E) Women were permitted to take more than one husband.Slide153

D) Women in pre-Islamic bedouin culture enjoyed greater freedom and higher status than those of the Byzantine and Persian Empires.

And the answer isSlide154

What was the nature of the material culture of bedouin

society?

A) The bedouins constructed numerous temple complexes featuring monumental architecture in the form of pyramids.

B) Although their nomadic lifestyle did not permit the development of monumental architectural forms, the

bedouins

were skilled painters and sculptors.

C) Mecca was a major center for the development of art and architecture, but the desert

bedouin

produced little of cultural value.

D) Except in the sedentary agricultural communities of the south, there was little art or architecture; and the chief focus of cultural creativity was oral poetry.

E) The

bedouins

preserved the learning of classical cultures.Slide155

D) Except in the sedentary agricultural communities of the south, there was little art or architecture; and the chief focus of cultural creativity was oral poetry.

And the answer isSlide156

What was the nature of pre-Islamic bedouin religion?A) Most of the bedouin were Christians.B) Most of the bedouin were Jews.C) Bedouin religion for most clans was a blend of animism and polytheism focusing on the worship of nature spirits.

D) The bedouin were strictly monotheists who worshipped Allah.

E) The Bedouins had no religious beliefs.Slide157

C) Bedouin religion for most clans was a blend of animism and polytheism focusing on the worship of nature spirits.

And the answer isSlide158

Which of the following represents a mounting pressure for change in pre-Islamic society?A) invasion from sub-Saharan AfricaB) greater Byzantine and Sassanian control over Arabic tribes of the peninsula and Arabic migration to Mesopotamia

C) influence of Hindu animism

D) increasing influence of polytheismE) population pressure from the sub-Saharan tribesSlide159

B) greater Byzantine and Sassanian control over Arabic tribes of the peninsula and Arabic migration to Mesopotamia

And the answer isSlide160

What was the clan into which Muhammad was born?A) UmayyadB) AbbasidC) Almoravid

D) Banu Hashim

E) SassanidSlide161

D) Banu Hashim

And the answer isSlide162

When did Muhammad receive the first revelations that were eventually written down in the Quran?A) 550 C.E.B) 610 C.E.C) 622 C.E.

D) 632 C.E.

E) 711 C.E.Slide163

B) 610 C.E.

And the answer isSlide164

What was the initial response of the Umayyads to Muhammad’s new faith?

A) They regarded him as a threat to their wealth and power as he questioned the traditional gods of the

Ka‘ba

.

B) They sought to protect him from a plot on his life by the

Banu

Hashim

.

C) The

Umayyads

immediately accepted Muhammad as their religious and political leader and the chief power in Mecca.

D) The

Umayyads

simply ignored Muhammad as an insignificant member of a powerless clan.

E) They sought him as an ally against the Christians.Slide165

A) They regarded him as a threat to their wealth and power as he questioned the traditional gods of the Ka‘ba.

And the answer isSlide166

Which of the following statements concerning Muhammad’s flight to Medina is NOT

correct?

A) Muhammad fled because of the threat of assassination in Mecca.

B) He fled because he was invited to mediate a dispute between the tribes of Medina.

C) Muhammad fled from Mecca with nearly one quarter of the city’s population.

D) Once in Medina, he attracted new followers to his faith.

E) Muhammad fled to Medina in the year 622.Slide167

C) Muhammad fled from Mecca with nearly one quarter of the city’s population.

And the answer isSlide168

The Umayyads were threatened by all of the following developments EXCEPT:A) Muhammad’s destruction of the Ka’aba.

B) the development of a new religion under Muhammad’s direction.

C) the growing power of Medina.D) raids on their caravans.E) disputes between rival families.Slide169

A) Muhammad’s destruction of the Ka’aba.

And the answer isSlide170

What was the date of Muhammad’s flight to Medina from Mecca?A) 570 C.E.B) 610 C.E.C) 622 C.E.

D) 635 C.E.

E) 711 C.E.Slide171

C) 622 C.E.And the answer isSlide172

What was the Umayyad response to Muhammad’s migration to Medina and subsequent success there?

A) The

Umayyads eagerly converted to Islam.

B) The Umayyad rulers of Mecca ignored Muhammad as long as he was content to remain in Medina.

C) War broke out between Mecca and Medina resulting in the eventual victory of Muhammad and the Medina clans.

D) War broke out between Mecca and Medina resulting in the eventual victory of the

Umayyads

.

E) Reluctantly but peacefully, the

Umayyads

were converted to Islam.Slide173

B) The Umayyad rulers of Mecca ignored Muhammad as long as he was content to remain in Medina.

And the answer isSlide174

What was the principle advantage of the Islamic concept of the ummah

?

A) It provided a clear principle of political succession that would provide the basis for an Islamic state.

B) It provided for an annual treaty that would restore the trade routes of Arabia.

C) It provided dietary restrictions that allowed for more equitable distribution of food in Arabia.

D) It transcended old tribal boundaries and made possible political unity among Arab clans.

E) It emphasized the value of individualism and fostered self-reliance.Slide175

D) It transcended old tribal boundaries and made possible political unity among Arab clans.

And the answer isSlide176

Which of the following statements concerning the ethical system of early Islam is NOT

correct?

A) Islam stressed the dignity of all believers and their equality in the eyes of Allah.

B) Islam stressed the responsibility of the wealthy and strong to care for the poor and weak.

C) A tax for charity was obligatory in the new faith.

D) The teachings of the Prophet and the Quran were not formally incorporated into a body of law.

E) It recognized the truth of similar ethical ideas in Judaism and Christianity.Slide177

D) The teachings of the Prophet and the Quran were not formally incorporated into a body of law.

And the answer isSlide178

What was Muhammad’s teaching with respect to the revelations of other monotheistic religions?

A) Muhammad accepted the earlier Christian revelations, but rejected completely any influence from Judaism.

B) Muhammad accepted the earlier Judaic revelations, but rejected completely any influence from Christianity.

C) Muhammad accepted the validity of earlier Christian and Judaic revelations and taught that his own revelations were a final refinement and reformulation of earlier ones.

D) Muhammad stressed that only his own revelations had merit and that others were works of the devil.

E) Muhammad taught that monotheistic religion was compatible with polytheism.Slide179

C) Muhammad accepted the validity of earlier Christian and Judaic revelations and taught that his own revelations were a final refinement and reformulation of earlier ones.

And the answer isSlide180

Which of the following is NOT among the “five pillars” of Islam?A) a confession of faith

B)

hajjC) zakatD) pilgrimage to Medina

E) fastingSlide181

D) pilgrimage to Medina

And the answer isSlide182

What happened after Muhammad’s death in 632?A) Many of the bedouin tribes renounced Islam.B) Islam ceased to exist until it was reestablished under the Umayyad dynasty at Damascus.

C) After a lengthy period of grief, the tribes selected a new leader based on the established principle of succession in the Quran.

D) A military commander, Khalid ibn al-Walid, was chosen as leader of Islam.E) Islam remained unified.Slide183

A) Many of the bedouin tribes renounced Islam.

And the answer isSlide184

The wars to defeat rival prophets and restore the unity of Islam were called:A) Ridda.B) dhow.C) Karbala.

D) the first fatwah.

E) Rihla.Slide185

A) Ridda.And the answer isSlide186

The office of the political and religious successor of Muhammad was called:A) wazir.B) Caliph.C) Ayan.

D) dhow.

E) Karbala.Slide187

B) Caliph.

And the answer isSlide188

Which of the following was NOT a reason for the early expansion of Islam beyond Arabia?A) the desire for booty

B) the sense of common cause and united strength

C) the desire to convert new populations to IslamD) a means to release the energies of the bedouin tribes against others than themselvesE) the weakness of their adversariesSlide189

C) the desire to convert new populations to Islam

And the answer isSlide190

Why did the Arab warriors not want to convert large numbers of people to Islam?

A) Muhammad specifically stated that Islam could only be spread among the Arabs.

B) They would have had to share their booty and would have lost tax revenues.

C) They lacked the political organization to govern them and feared insurrection by non-Arabs.

D) Conversion would have slowed down the process of conquest.

E) They wanted to keep high religious offices among themselves.Slide191

B) They would have had to share their booty and would have lost tax revenues.

And the answer isSlide192

Which of the following areas of the Byzantine Empire was NOT conquered by the Muslims by 650 C.E.?A) Palestine

B) Egypt

C) SyriaD) Asia MinorE) IraqSlide193

D) Asia MinorAnd the answer is