East and South African Kingdoms - PowerPoint Presentation

Slide1

East and South African Kingdoms

1000 AD- 1500 AD

Slide2

Zululand 1816-1897

Slide3

Origins of the Zulu Empire (Nguni- Bantu)

Kingdom of Zulu sees

Shaka

become king.(1818-1826)

Shaka

reforms Zulu Empire by providing changes to the military structure and training.

Reforms will lead to an expansion of the kingdom

Shaka

will be assassinated by his brother,

Dingane

Slide4

Anglo- Zulu War 1879

The British Empire was looking to expand their influence over the southern portion of Africa.

Leader of the Zulus is

Cetshwayo

Origins of the war are over a border dispute between the Zulus and the Dutch territory called Transvaal.

England invades Zululand and will make Zululand a protectorate

Slide5

Bantu People

Linguistically diverse people that appear approximately 1,000 BC

According to Modern Linguists around 440-680 different variations

In today’s estimations , 350 million Bantu speakers in Africa.

Bantu stretch from central to south Africa

Slide6

Swahili

Bantu people of East Africa in origin

Claim to be

Shirazi

decendent

Heavily influenced by

I

slam and tend to be Sunni

Major areas: Kenya Zanzibar Tanzania

Often subjugated by

A

rab traders in Colonial period

Slide7

Mogadishu

800 AD- 1200 AD

Mogadishu controlled by a Sultanate that dominates the trade of gold and other goods on the eastern portion of the continent.

By the end of the 1200’s, Mogadishu will be absorbed into the

Ajuran

Sultanate

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Horn of Africa

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Mombasa

Slide10

Mombasa- 1300’s

Local history traces the foundation of the city to 900 AD.

Trading center on the Indian Ocean route.

Backbone of the Economy: Ivory, Gold, Millet and coconuts

Sultan-

Shehe

Mvati

, heavily influenced by Islam.

Slide11

Colonial Period

Vasco Da Gama arrives in the city around 1498

1500- Portuguese sack the city

Over the next two centuries, the town is traded back and forth between the Portuguese and various North African/ Middle East empires

Slide12

British Control

Mombasa was independent from 1746- 1826. Organized government under control of a Sultanate

Under loose control of the British and Oman from 1826- 1887, formally annexed into the protectorate of Kenya within the British Empire.

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Zanzibar

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Origins and High Point

People date back to 2,500 BCE in the Zanzibar region.

Zanzibar is not resource heavy but strategically important to the Swahili Coast.

11

th

and 12

th

century see the increased presence of Islamic trade and increased influence of Islamic faith in the area.

Islam brings urban development and increased education

Slide15

Colonial Impact

Vasco da Gama lands in Zanzibar 1499

Portuguese annexed the island 1503

The Portuguese remain in control for the next two centuries

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Sultanate

1698- Zanzibar is absorbed by the Sultan of Oman.

With the control of Oman, Zanzibar becomes wealthy on trade

Economy: Gold, Ivory and cash crops(cloves)

1890- British assert control over city

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1698- 1890

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Kilwa

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Sultanate 900 AD- 1500 AD

Island located near Zanzibar

First Sultan: Ali

ibin

al- Hassan

Shirazi

Major trading port in the Indian Ocean trade

Not a strong centralized state

Slide20

Economy

Almost always dependent on trade

Very little agricultural production, purchased goods for trade from mainland Bantu peoples

Sailors known for high skill and accuracy in navigating

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Decline

Corruption begins to lessen the influence of the Sultanate

1500’s – Portuguese begin a series of attempts to take the island. Control for 2 centuries

Zanzibar rule from 1784- 1886

Annexed into what will be modern day Tanzania

Slide22

Sofala

Slide23

Origin

Begins as a colony within the Mogadishu empire.

Area sits on an estuary at the end of the

Buzi

River in Modern day Mozambique.

Area will be heavily desired by Europeans and other East African empires for its natural resources and gold.

Slide24

Colonial Impact

Portuguese make contact in in the early 1500’s

The harsh conditions lead Portuguese to leave the area for other neighboring areas.

Area will be under Portuguese control until the late 1700’s