Megumi Kano DRPH Technical Officer WHO Centre for Health Development Kobe Japan Concept of Agefriendly City An A gefriendly City is an inclusive and accessible community environment ID: 786457
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Slide1
WHO Core Indicators of Age-friendliness
Megumi Kano, DR.P.H.Technical OfficerWHO Centre for Health DevelopmentKobe, Japan
Slide2Concept of Age-friendly
City
An
A
ge-friendly City is an
inclusive and accessible community environment that optimizes opportunities for health, participation and security for all people in order that quality of life and dignity are ensured as people age.
Domains of an Age-friendly City
Slide3WHO Global Network of Age-friendly Cities and Communities400 member cities in 37 countries covering over 146 million people worldwide
Slide4Network members commit to a cycle of continuous improvement
Slide5WHO Age-friendly City core indicator guide
Identifies a framework for selecting local indicator set
Defines core indicators
Physical environment
Social environment
Impact
Equity
Examples from pilot sites
Published in 2015
Available at:
http://www.who.int/kobe_centre/publications/AFC_guide/en
/
Slide6Indicators are very useful!
Establishing a common understanding about a (new) conceptSetting goals and targetsMonitoring change over time as relevant interventions are implementedFostering political and social commitment and accountabilityBenchmarking
Slide7Various uses of evaluation/indicators
Measure achievement of goals and targets Enable benchmarking/comparisons Inform policy developmentInform programme planning and managementAdvance scientific knowledge/researchRaise
awareness about a problem
At community or initiative level?
At global, national, or local levels
?
Slide8Main purposes of AFC core indicators
Enable benchmarking/comparisons at global, national and community levelsInform policy development at global, national and community levelsInform programme planning and management at local/community levelAdvance scientific knowledge/research
Some degree of standardization and comparability but with flexibility to allow local adaptation.
Slide9Process or Outcome evaluation?
Outcome-oriented: Target-setting, benchmarking, measuring achievements Process-oriented: Monitoring progress, ensuring fidelity of program implementation, tracking resource use
Slide10Framework for selecting local AFC indicator set
Slide11Age-friendly City Core Indicators
Slide12Key issues for development process
Build on existing resourcesConsider scientific evidenceConsider practical utility and feasibilityMostly relying on a top-down approach but incorporating some bottom-up feedback
Slide13Global landscape review of relevant indicator initiatives in 2012
WHO European Healthy Cities
Subnetwork
on Healthy Aging
JAGES HEART
WHO MDS on Aging in Sub-Saharan Africa
Canada Mortgage and Housing Corporation
Mainstreaming Aging: Indicators to monitor implementation
Positive aging indicators: New Zealand
Aging in the Arab countries: UNESCWA
Population aging in the Caribbean: UNECLAC
World Population Aging: UNDESA
Demographic prognosis for South Asia: UNFPA
WHO SAGE-INDEPTH
Older Americans Report: USA
Aging and disability: CCDS
Report on state of public health in Canada: CPHO
HRS: Growing older in America
Health indicators in NORC: NYC
Slide14Iterative consultations with experts and end users
E
nd-user survey, 2013
Slide15Indicator prioritization criteria
Technical criteriaMeasurableValidReplicableSensitive to changePossible to disaggregate
Practical criteria
Aligns with local goals
Can be linked to action
Within local influenceEasy to collect in a timely mannerSocially acceptable
Slide16Tensions and trade-offs
Universal ConventionalSummationPerceptionDeveloped country contextUrban context
Contextual
Aspirational
Disaggregation
Objective measuresDeveloping country contextRural context
Slide17Hong Kong
7,234,800
Shanghai (
Jing’an
District)
296,100
Banyule
124,475
New Delhi (NDMC)
249,998
Nairobi (
Korogocho
&
Viwandani
)
3,138,869
Tehran (District 2)
632,917
Tuymazy
132,000
La Plata City
654,324
New Haven
130,000
Washington DC
658,893
Bowdoinham
2,889
Fishguard
&
Goodwick
4,869
Bilbao
347,778
Dijon
151,672
Udine
100,541
Non-Member
Member
GNAFCC
:
Global pilot study of AFC core indicators
Slide18Accessibility of public transportation vehicles
Engagement in volunteer activityProportion of public transport vehicles with designated places for older people or people who have disabilitiesProportion of older people who report that public transport vehicles are physically accessible for all people, including those who have limitations in mobility, vision or hearing.
Proportion of older people in local volunteer registries.
Proportion of older people who report engaging in volunteer activity in the last month on at least one occasion.
Indicator specifications
Slide19Slide20Slide21Magnitude of equity gap in the city
(New Haven, USA)
DATA
HAVEN
Data for Community Action
Inequality Ratio = 1.00
--> Equality
Social participation: volunteer activity
Slide22A Positive Experience for Pilot Sites
Helped identify priorities/gapsFacilitated an evidence-based approachData used as a driver for changeHelped promote the work locally and nationallyIncreased awareness and reinforced collaborative relationshipsProvided validity and status to the team’s work
Slide23Sustainability
Tie into existing structuresBuild and maintain partner engagementAnticipate government turnoversExample: Age-friendly DCIntegration into Livability SurveyAnnual progress reports
Evaluation of First Strategic Plan
Baseline for next Strategic Plan
Slide24How can you use the indicator guide?
To inform the initial selection of indicatorsTo refine existing indicatorsTo enhance comparability of indicatorsTo learn from and be inspired by the experience of the pilot sitesTo identify areas in need of more researchTo advocate the need for better data and action
To build a stronger evidence base for promoting
age-friendly
environments!
Slide25WHO Centre for Health Development
(WHO Kobe Centre)
Webpage
www.who.int/kobe_centre
E-mail
kanom@who.int
Twitter @WHOKobe
Thank
you!