Chapter 5 The Big Idea California is located on a plate boundary where major geologic events occur Lesson 1 Interactions at Plate Boundaries There are three main types of plate boundaries where stresses cause rocks to deform ID: 500937
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Slide1
Plate Boundaries and California
Chapter 5Slide2
The Big Idea
California is located on a plate boundary, where major geologic events occur.
Lesson 1: Interactions at Plate Boundaries
There are three main types of plate boundaries, where stresses cause rocks to deform.
Lesson 2: California Geology
Many of California’s landforms were produced by plate tectonic activity, which continues today.Slide3
Lesson 1: Interactions at Plate Boundaries
There are three main types of plate boundaries where stresses cause rocks to deform.
What you’ll learn:
Describe types of stress that deform rock.
Relate geologic features of Earth’s surface to types of plate boundaries.
So What?!
Understanding geologic events that occur at plate boundaries can save lives and prevent damage to property.Slide4
Review Vocabulary
Lithospheric Plate:
Large, brittle pieces of Earth’s outer shell composed of crust and uppermost mantle.Slide5
New Vocabulary
Long, narrow valley formed as the hanging wall of a divergent boundary slips down.
rift valley
Fracture in which rocks on one side of the fracture move relative to rocks on the other side.
Boundary formed where plates move apart
Boundary formed when two plates move sideways past each other.
fault
Divergent P.B.
Transform P.B.Slide6
New Vocabulary
Break or crack in rock
Process that pulls apart a continent.
Boundary formed when two plates move toward each other.
fracture
continental rifting
Convergent P.B.Slide7
Academic Vocabulary
inclined
Sloping, slanting, or leaning relative to the horizontal or vertical
The Leaning Tower of Pisa inclines about 3.99 degrees. In
other words,
the
top of the tower is displaced horizontally
12
ft
10
in
from where it would be if the structure were perfectly vertical
. Slide8
Drifting Continents
Rocks are pulled apart; causes stretching and thinning of the lithosphere.
Rocks are pushed together; makes rock layer thick.
Rocks are pushed in opposite directions; neither thickens nor thins lithosphereSlide9
3 Main types of Faults
Normal Fault
Reverse Fault
Strike-Slip FaultSlide10
Summarize It
Rephrase the main ideas of this section in your own words.Slide11
Types of Plate Boundaries
Tension stress causes rocks to break and form normal faults.
The hanging wall slips down and forms a rift valley.
Sequence the events that occur during continental rifting
.Slide12Slide13
Types of Plate Boundaries
Distinguish 3 types of convergent plate boundaries. Describe what happens at each type of boundary.
Colder, denser slab is forced down, forming a trench; water is released and melts rocks, forming magma.
Denser ocean plate always sinks below continental plate; melting forms a string of volcanoes along edge of continent.
Compression forces force crust to rise, forming tall mountains.Slide14Slide15Slide16
Types of Plate Boundaries
Complete this paragraph about transform plate boundaries.
At transform plate boundaries, plates ______________________________. In the ocean, these boundaries connect ________________________.
On the continents, _________________ can occur along these boundaries.
Move sideways past each other
pieces of mid-ocean ridges
large earthquakesSlide17
Summarize It!
Summarize three (3) main ideas of the above sections.Slide18
Lesson 2: Plate Boundaries and California
Many of California’s landforms were produced by plate tectonic activity, which continues today.
What you’ll learn:
Describe California’s current plate tectonic setting and how plate movements have produced landforms.
Predict future changes in California’s tectonic setting and topography.
So What?!
Interactions between the North American Plate and the Pacific Plate produce California’s mountains and basins and cause earthquakes and volcanoes.Slide19
Review Vocabulary
uplift
Any process that moves Earth’s surface to a higher elevation.Slide20
New Vocabulary
San Andreas Fault
The S.A.F. is a transform boundary (and a strike-slip fault) between the N.A. Plate and the Pacific Plate. It extends all the way from Cape Mendocino in the north to the Salton Sea in the south.Slide21
Academic Vocabulary
adjacent
Next to or very near
* The San Andreas Fault is a boundary between two
adjacent
plates.Slide22
Plate Tectonics in California
Distinguish two plate boundaries found in California.
1. The San Andreas Fault System, a
continental transform boundary
cutting across the state.
2. A
convergent plate boundary
offshore in the northern part of the state.Slide23
Plate Tectonics in California
Identify three features of California geology caused by plate tectonics.
1. earthquakes
2. volcanoes
3. mountainsSlide24
Plate Tectonics in California
Create a diagram showing
the San
Andreas Fault.Slide25
Summarize It!
Summarize the main ideas of the above section of the lesson.Slide26
Plate Tectonics in California
Analyze the role of a convergent plate boundary in shaping CA geology.
Melting above the
subduction
zone produces the volcanic mountains in the Cascade Range.Slide27
California’s Mountains
Organize information about the formation of mountains in California.
Subduction
A.
B.
II. Rifting
A.
B.
Granite rocks formed under volcanic mountains when plates converged.
An ancient oceanic plate
subducted
, forming rocks in several mountain ranges.
Tension stresses cause continental rifting.
Panamint Range rises as the crust stretches.Slide28
Future Plate Movements
Summarize two changes that might occur in the future as a result of plate tectonics.
The Pacific Plate will keep moving northwest, bringing Los Angeles and San Francisco closer.
Death Valley and the Gulf of California are dropping and opening up as a result of tension stress.Slide29
Summarize It!
Rephrase the main ideas of the lesson in your own words.