Constructive Response Questions Describe what early humans were like and why they migrated out of Africa Trace the development of the Agricultural Revolution as well as its causes and effects What are we going to learn ID: 662078
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Slide1
The Earliest Humans
Outcome: Human Migration & Beginning of AgricultureSlide2
Constructive Response Questions
Describe what early humans were like and why they migrated out of Africa?
Trace the development of the Agricultural Revolution as well as its causes and effects.Slide3
What are we going to learn?
Introduction to history
Important evidence found in Africa
The Agricultural RevolutionSlide4
Think-Pair-Share
Write your thoughts in the margin
Share your thoughts with
a
partner nearby
Be prepared to share to whole group
How do we study history if we have no written records in which to read or interpret?Slide5
Human Migration & Beginning of Agriculture
Setting the Stage: Who are we?
Evidence suggests humans could be
much older
than originally thought
Scientists use
artifacts
to search for answers
Artifact:
human made objects
like tools and jewelryUnfortunately, prehistory can leave more questions than answersPrehistory: time before the invention of writingSlide6
Human Migration & Beginning of Agriculture
Important: The
story is not complete
and there are many questions left to answer
Two prevailing ideas (you will not be forced to pick a side):
Creation
: Idea that a
higher power
put humans on earth
Evolution
: Theory that humans
evolved from another beingSlide7
Human Migration & Beginning of Agriculture
Interesting Evidence Found in Africa
Anthropologists
(people who study culture) and
paleontologists
(people who study fossils) attempt to use artifacts and fossils to understand early human’s
culture
Culture:
a people’s unique way of lifeSlide8
LucySlide9
Human Migration & Beginning of Agriculture
Lucy
Unusually
complete skeleton
of female hominid
Hominid: being that
walks upright on two legs
Discovered by
Donald
Johanson
in 1974 in Africa
Named after Beatles song “Lucy in the Sky with Diamonds”Dated to be 3.5 million years oldSlide10
Laetoli FootprintsSlide11
Human Migration & Beginning of Agriculture
Laetoli
Footprints
Two hominid footprints preserved in
volcanic ash
in Africa
Found by anthropologist
Mary Leaky
in 1978
Dated to be
3.6
million years oldSlide12
Human Migration & Beginning of Agriculture
Neither
Lucy nor the
Laetoli footprints were made by actual humans
Other beings such as
Cro-Magnons
, homo erectus, &
Neatherthals
walked the earth before we did
No link to these beings has been made; “
missing link
”Slide13
Migration out of AfricaSlide14
Human Migration & Beginning of Agriculture
Humans Migrate
Humans are known as
homo sapiens
which means “
wise men
” due to brain size
Eventually homo erectus & homo sapiens
migrated out
of Africa
Early humans were
nomads or highly mobile people who move from place to place foraging, or searching for new sources of foodAll early humans were also hunter-gatherersHunter-gatherers: those whose food supply depended on
hunting animals
and
collecting
plant foods
Estimates show they started leaving Africa around
125,000
years agoSlide15
Human Migration & Beginning of Agriculture
Settled in
Europe 33,000
years ago, China 67,000 years ago, Australia 38,000 years ago,
North America 12,000
years ago, and South America 12- 33,000 years ago
We know this due to similar
stone tool artifacts
found in different regions that date to roughly the same time period
Shows that early humans used
technology
: applying knowledge, tools, and inventions to meet their needsSlide16
Human Migration & Beginning of Agriculture
Why did they leave Africa?
Competition with other humans
Following animal herds
Human curiositySlide17
Human Migration & Beginning of Agriculture
Agriculture Changes Everything!
Early nomadic humans lived in bands of
25-70
people
Around 10,000 years ago, the
Neolithic Revolution
began: the beginning of farming
It started accidentally when some
women scattered seeds
near a campsite and noticed crops growing there when they came back next seasonRising temperatures worldwide provided longer growing seasonsFarming produces more food than hunting or gatheringSlide18
Human Migration & Beginning of Agriculture
More food means a
higher population
, thus more labor
Due to labor and farming methods,
permanent settlements
developed
Permanent settlements turn into
villages
, villages turn into
cities
, cities turn into civilizationsOnce you reach a certain population, you can begin specializationSpecialization: the development of skills in a specific kind of work (other than farming)Slide19
Human Migration & Beginning of Agriculture
Slash & burn
farming was used (cut a field and burn it for nutrients)
Domestication
or
taming
of animals began as wellSlide20
Coming Up Next…!
Eventually all of this led to the creation of the first civilization on Earth in
Mesopotamia
called
SumerSlide21
Constructive Response Questions
Describe what early humans were like and why they migrated out of Africa?
Trace the development of the Agricultural Revolution as well as its causes and effects.