Ancient China World History I - PowerPoint Presentation

Ancient China World History I 5,500 miles long

China Today…Official Name People’s Republic of ChinaTotal Area 3,600,927 sq. milesCapitalBeijing Population (July 2010) 1.351 Billion Government Communist party-led state Executive (President, Vice-President, State Council, Premier) Legislative (unicameral National People’s Congress) Judicial (Supreme People’s Court, Local People’s Court, Special People’s Court) Language Mandarin & other local dialects Religion Atheism, Daoism, Buddhism, Christian, Muslim Terrain Plains, deltas, and hills in the east; mountains, high plateaus, deserts in west Climate Tropical in south to subarctic in north

China Compared to the U.S.China United States of AmericaPOPULATION 1.351 Billion 313.9 Million SIZE 3,600,927 sq. miles 3,794,083 sq. miles ECONOMY GDP (2012) $8.227 trillion GDP Growth Rate 7.7% (2013) Gross National Income (2012) $16.08 trillion GDP (2012) $15.68 trillion GDP Growth Rate 1.9% (2013) Gross National Income (2012) $17.06 trillion

WHI.4e,f Classical China was centered on the Huang He (Yellow River) and was geographically isolated. Invaders came from the North JAPAN Loess = fine yellow windblown soil

Unit 4 Vocabulary—Ancient China Calligraphy Civil service Confucius Divine right Dynasty Ethics Facilitate Feudalism Filial piety Humility Loess Mandate of Heaven Taoism (Daoism) Yin and Yang   Use textbook definitions first Look Confucius up in the index…he’s a person  The orange words will probably not be in your textbook so use dictionary.com or another source.

QuestionsWhy was the Great Wall of China built?What were the contributions of classical China to world civilization?

Ancient ChinaMigratory invaders raided Chinese settlements from the North. The Great Wall was built by Qin Shi Huangdi as a line of defense against invasions. (protection) CHINA

Rise of Dynasties in ChinaChina was governed by a succession of ruling families called dynasties .The first Chinese dynasty was the Shang (1766 to 1122 B.C.)Most of society were peasants who led grueling lives working the fields Ended in a rebellion led by two Zhou warriors who claimed a divine right to rule Bronze Wine Vessel

Chinese rulers were considered divine, but they served under a Mandate of Heaven only as their rule was just (fair).Mandate of Heaven—authority granted under heaven to deserving rulers (basis of royal authority) China became a feudal state

RAP 3-Write down 3 specific things you learned about the geography of China.2- Write down 2 specific things you learned about the Great Wall. 1-Write down 1 thing you learned about dynasties in China.

Warring States Period in China

Strong dynasty establishes p eace & prosperity; considered to have Mandate of Heaven. In time, the dynasty b ecomes corrupt; taxes are raised; power decreases. Disasters or invasions occur; o ld dynasty is seen as having lost Mandate of Heaven; r ebellion is justified. Old dynasty is overthrown ; new dynasty emerges The Dynastic Cycle

Qin DynastyFirst emperor of the Qin Dynasty is known as Qin Shi HuangdiUnified China using a harsh system called Legalism to impose order (ended feudalism)Heavy taxes and forced labor Linked existing feudal walls into the Great Wall Standardized weights and measures, produced coins, and built roads

Han DynastyEased Legalist policies and lowered taxes Emperor Wudi pursued expansionismLinked China to the West with the Silk Road Confucianism became the official belief system of the stateHired civil servants to work for the government

Exit Ticket3-Write down 3 specific things you learned about the dynasties of China. 2- Write down 2 specific things you learned about Emperor Qin.1-Write down 1 thing you didn’t fully understand/want to know more about.

Shang DynastyThe Earliest Dynasty in China. (1766 to 1122 B.C.)Grueling period of time since many were Peasants. Ended by a rebellion led by 2 Zhou brothers

Zhou Dynasty The Dynasty responsible for creating China into a feudal system.Lasted from 1122 B.C. to 256 B.C. A Mandate of Heaven was created, which granted rulers authority from the gods above.

Silk Road The Silk Roads facilitated trade and contact between China and other cultures as far away as Rome.

Contributions of Classical China Civil Service SystemPaid govt positions; had to pass written exams; positions based on meritPaper 1st to create paper and have the moveable type Porcelain Beautiful pottery, dolls, etc. Silk Made from silkworms highly sought after fabric

Contributions of Classical China

Other Contributions Writing: calligraphy (characters) Mathematics: sundial, water clock Science: 365 ¼ days in a solar year Farming: irrigation systems; pumps to control flow of water to fields

Other Contributions Inventions: seismograph, wheelbarrow, umbrella, gunpowder, fireworks, kites, compasses, & wallpaper Medicine: acupuncture; herbal remediesMartial Arts: Tai Chi; Karate; etc.

Expanded trade via the Silk RoadsChina became a feudal stateMost short-lived dynasty The Great Wall was constructedExcelled at making items from bronzeEnded by a rebellion led by two Zhou brothers Created the Mandate of HeavenHad a civil serviceRuled by Legalistic policies Dynasties Review Qin Zhou Shang Han

Dynasties ReviewShang Zhou Qin Han E) Excelled at making items from bronze F) Ended by a rebellion led by 2 Zhou brothers B) China became a feudal state G) Created the Mandate of Heaven C) Most short-lived dynasty D) Great Wall was constructed I) Ruled by Legalistic policies A) Expanded trade via the Silk RoadsH) Had a civil service

“What Am I?” ReviewI go “boom” Gunpowder/fireworksI tell people where to goCompass If you’re afraid of needles, then I’m not for youAcupunctureIf you want to work for the government, you have to take me Civil Service Exam (written exam) I am fine “China” Porcelain

“What Am I?” ReviewI am made up of thousands of characters Chinese writing/CalligraphyWhen the sun shines over me, I tell timeSundial I helped remove dead bodies from battlefields Wheelbarrow I am the most highly sought after and highly prized contribution of China Silk I was used to diffuse all of these products/ideas to the rest of the world Silk Roads

WHI.4e,f Chinese Culture began around 1500 B.C. Of Chinese contributions to civilization, Confucianism and Taoism are among the most noted.Why were Confucianism, Taoism, and Buddhism important in the formation of Chinese culture?

Confucius Says…It is better to light one small candle than to curse the darkness. Our greatest glory is not in never falling, but in rising every time we fall.Only the wisest and the stupidest of men never change. When we see persons of worth, we should think of equaling them; when we see persons of a contrary character, we should turn inward and examine ourselves.To put the world in order, we must first put the nation in order; to put the nation in order, we must put the family in order; to put the family in order, we must cultivate our personal life; and to cultivate our personal life, we must first set our hearts right.

Contributions of ConfucianismLived during the Zhou Dynasty (warring lords was an issue). Belief that humans are good, not badRespect for elders (filial piety)Confucius considered this the highest principleCode of politeness, still used in Chinese society today Emphasis on educationFor good govt and social order Ancestor worship *an ethical system, not a religion *

Believed that social order, harmony, and good government could be restored in China if society was organized around 5 basic relationships: 1) ruler and subject 2) father and son 3) husband and wife 4) older brother and younger brother 5) friend and friend Confucianis m

Contributions of Taoism (Daoism) Founder: Lao Tzu (Laozi) Dao (universal force) guides all thingsHumans should:Be Humble (Virtue of Yielding) Have a simple life (inner peace) Live in harmony with nature Views government as unnatural; should govern people as little as possible

Yin/Yang represented opposites for Confucianism and Taoism. Yin Yang

Chinese forms of Buddhism spread throughout Asia.

China Great Wall Yangtze R. Huang He R. Pacific O. South China Sea India Himalayas Gobi Mongolia

Hinduism BuddhismConfucianism Daoism(Taoism) Caste system Many forms of one major deity Reincarnation Karma Vedas & Upanishads Spread along major trade routes Siddhartha Gautama 4Noble Truths 8Fold Path to EnlightenmentAsoka’s missionaries spread Buddhism from India to China & other parts of Asia Humans are good, not bad Respect for elders (filial piety)Code of politeness, Emphasis on education Ancestor worship Laozi Dao = universal force guides all things Be Humble Simple life & inner peace Live in h armony with nature