por Señor Russell Direct Objects The object that directly receives the action of the verb is called the direct object Juan makes the cake Cake receives the action of the verb ID: 760145
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Slide1
Direct Objects and Direct Object Pronouns
por: Señor Russell
Slide2Direct Objects
The object that directly receives the action of the verb is called the
direct object
.
Juan makes the
cake
.
“Cake”
receives the action of the verb.
Vanesa
reads the
invitation
.
“Invitation”
receives the action of the verb.
Slide3Direct Objects
The direct object
anwers
the question, “what?”or “whom?” with regards to what the subject of the sentence is doing.
Juan makes the
cake
.
Juan makes
what
?
Juan makes the
cake
.
Vanesa
reads the
invitation
.
Vanesa
reads
what
?
Vanesa
reads the
invitation
.
Slide4Direct Objects
Often, it is desirable to replace the name of the direct object with a pronoun
.
Example 1:
Juan makes the cake. He takes the cake to the party. He eats the cake.
Example 2:
Juan makes the cake. He takes
it
to the party. He eats
it
.
Slide5Direct Objects
When the pronoun replaces the name of the direct object, use the following pronouns: me (me) te (you-familiar) lo, la (him, her, it, you-formal) nos (us) os (you-all-familiar) los, las (them, you-all-formal)
Slide6Direct Objects
In an affirmative statement with one verb,
the
direct
object
pronoun (
lo
,
la
,
los
,
las
) comes
i
mmediately before
the conjugated verb.
Juan makes
the cake
.
Juan
hace
el pastel
.
Juan
lo
hace
.
The pronoun
(
lo)
comes immediately before the verb
(
hace
)
.
Slide7Direct Objects
In an affirmative statement with one verb,
the
direct
object pronoun comes
immediately
before
the conjugated verb.
Emilia makes
the cake
.
Emilia
hace
el pastel
.
Emilia
lo
hace
.
Notice that if the subject of the sentence changes, this does not affect the direct object pronoun.
Slide8Direct Objects
However, if the direct object
of the sentence changes to a feminine noun, the feminine pronoun must be used.
Marcos writes the invitation.
Marcos
escribe
la
invitación
.
Marcos
la
escribe
.
Slide9Direct Objects
Likewise, if the direct object of the
sentence
changes
from singular to plural, the
plural
pronoun
must be used
.
Alejandro buys the candies.
Alejandro
compra
los
dulces
.
Alejandro
los
compra
.
Slide10Direct Objects
When you try to translate literally from
English
to
Spanish, sometimes it works very well
:
John makes the cake.
John = Juan
John
makes
= Juan
hace
John
makes
the = Juan
hace
el
John
makes the cake.
= Juan
hace
el pastel.
Slide11Direct Object
Other times, when
you try to translate literally, you run
into
problems
:
I make it.
(the
cake- el pastel)
I =
Yo
I
make
=
Yo
hago
I
make
it. =
Yo
hago
la
.
This is completely incorrect!
The correct translation would be:
I
make
it. (the
cake)
(
Yo
) Lo
hago
.
Slide12Direct Objects
As you can see, directly translating
sentences
with
direct object pronouns doesn't work, so
...
don't
do it! There is a better, easier
way to
remember….
First, know your pronouns:
lo, la, los
and
las
Then….
Slide13Direct Objects
Know the placement of the pronouns!
NC PIG
NC (verb) PIG
What????
Slide14Direct Objects
Know the placement of the pronouns!
The
bold words
represent the direct object pronouns.
N
egative commands
verb
P
ositive commands
C
onjugated verbs
verb
I
nfinitives
verb
G
erunds (-
ing
words)
Slide15Direct Objects
Placement of the direct object pronouns:
Examples:
N
- ¡No
la
escribas
! (Don’t write it!)
Negative command
C
-
Tú
la
escribes
. (You write it.)
Conjugated verb
P
- ¡
Escríbe
la
! (Write it!)
Positive command
I
- Vas a
escribir
la
. (You are going to write it.)
Infinitive
G
-
Estás
escribiendo
la
. (You are writing it.)
Gerund