J Eagan Emhlish 110 When do I quote or paraphrase 1 When you use another persons words or ideas 2 Use quotations and paraphrases in strategically selected moments 3 Using ID: 487747
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Slide1
Introducing sources
J. Eagan
Emhlish
110Slide2
When do I quote or paraphrase?
1.) When
you use another person’s
words
or
ideas
2.) Use
quotations and paraphrases in
strategically
selected moments.
3.) Using
as much evidence as possible
from sources
to make your point is
essential.
4.)
Using too many quotations does not
highlight
any of your own original thinkingSlide3
Gather information about sources
Source 1
Author(s)______________________
Title____________________________________________________
Publication____________________
Date_________________________
Source 2
Author(s)______________________
Title____________________________________________________
Publication____________________
Date_________________________Slide4
First time you cite
Introduce the author’s full name and title of the article, and paragraph or page number. The first example is with paragraph numbers, and the second is with page numbers.
Example 1:
In the
Time
magazine article “The Case Against Summer Vacation,”
David Von
Drehle
argues, “larking through summer is a luxury we can’t afford” (par. 1).
Example 2:
In the
Los Angeles Times
article “ A Lesson in the Value of Summer Vacation,” Joe Matthews explains that
“[s]
chool
officials, battling absenteeism, saw little advantage in opening schools on summer days or on holidays when many students wouldn’t show up” (12).Slide5
Subsequent citations
Use only last name of author(s)
Example 1:
Von
Drehle
argues, “larking through summer is a luxury we can’t afford (par. 1).
Example 2:
Matthews
explains that
“[s]
chool
officials, battling absenteeism, saw little advantage in opening schools on summer days or on holidays when many students wouldn’t show up”
(12).
Example
3 (Paraphrase):
Despite criticism, Johnston agrees that smoking should be banned in all public places (67).Slide6
Subsequent citations
1.) If you don’t mention the author in you sentence, you will put their last name and paragraph number in the parenthetical citation
Example 1:
Learning loss in the summer is unfairly distributed among students from different backgrounds: “better-off kids held steady or continued to make progress . . . , but disadvantaged students fell back” (Von
Drehle
, par. 3).
Example
2:
The history of summer vacation for students in the United states has “created a culture of summer, of freedom and romance and personal growth” (Matthews 19).
Example 3 (Paraphrase):
By calling them ignorant, the author implies that they were unschooled and narrow minded (Jackson 68)Slide7
Setting up direct quotes or paraphrases
1.) Lead in to the quote (provide an appropriate sentence that provides context for the quote you will use)
2.) Attribute the quote (tell your reader who is speaking; Von
Drehle’s
article uses many sources. Look to him as a model. Does he introduce his sources?)
3.) Provide a citation4.) Explain significance of the quote (how does the quote provide support or explanation of your paragraph’s main idea and to your thesis)Slide8
Direct Quotation
Ineffective Use of Quotation
Today, we are too
self-centered
. “We
are consumers-on-the-run . . . the very notion of the family meal as a sit-down occasion is vanishing
. Adults and
children
alike eat . . . on the way to
their
next activity” (
Gleick
148).
Everything
is about what we want.
A More Effective Use of Quotation
Today, Americans are too
self-centered
.
Even
our families don't matter as much
anymore
as they once did. Other people
and
activities take precedence, as
James
Gleick
says in his book,
Faster
: “
We are
consumers-on-the-run
. . . the
very
notion of the family meal as a
sit-down
occasion is
vanishing.Adults
and
children alike eat . . . on the way
to
their next activity” (148).
Sit-down meals
are a time to share and connect
with
others; however, that
connection
has
become
less valued, as families begin
to
prize individual activities over
shared time, promoting self-centeredness over
group identity
. Slide9
Paraphrase
Weak use of evidence
Today, we are too self-centered. Most families no longer sit down to eat together, preferring instead to eat on the go while rushing to the next appointment (
Gleick
148). Everything
is about what we want.
Stronger
use of evidence
Today, Americans are too
self-centered
. Even our families don't
matter
as much anymore as they once
did
. Other people and activities take
precedence
. In fact, the evidence
shows
that most American families no
longer
eat together,
preferring instead
to eat on the go while rushing
to
the next appointment (
Gleick
148).
Sit-down
meals are a time to share and
connect
with others; however, that
connection
has become less valued, as
families
begin to prize individual
activities
over
shared time
, promoting
self-centeredness
over group identity.Slide10
How do I embed a quote?
1.) Lead with a colon
Learning loss in the summer is unfairly distributed among students from different backgrounds: “better-off kids held steady or continued to make progress . . . , but disadvantaged students fell back” (Von
Drehle
, par. 3
).
2.)
Introduce or conclude the quote by attributing it to the speaker. If your
attribution precedes the quote, you will need to use a comma after the verb.
Von
Drehle
argues, “larking through summer is a luxury we can’t
afford”
(par. 1
).
3.)
Use the words of the quote grammatically within your own sentence
. (The best way)
Tiffany Edwards, a Laramie reporter, said that she was glad that the media was there because “the media actually made people accountable, because they had to think” (Kaufman 49
).
* Note that when you use “that” after a verb that introduces a quote, you no longer need a commaSlide11
Avoid getting into the “he/she said” attribution rut! There are many other ways to attribute quotes besides this construction. Here are a few alternative verbs, usually followed by “that”:
Add, remark, exclaim
Announce, reply, state
Comment, respond, estimate
Write, point out, predict, expresses
Argue, suggest, proposeDeclare, criticize, proclaimnote, complain, observe, think, note
Words to Introduce QuotesSlide12
Ellipses . . . are
. . . Awesome!!!
There are a few rules to follow when using ellipses:
1
.)
Whenever you want to leave out material from within a quotation, you need to use an ellipsis, which is a series of three periods, each of which should be preceded and followed by a space.2.) Do not use ellipses at the beginning or ending of quotations,
unless it’s important for the reader to know that the quotation was truncated
.
3.)
Be sure that you don’t fundamentally change the meaning of the quotation by omitting material
.
*So
, an ellipsis in this sentence would look like . . . this. Slide13
Miscellaneous Rules
1) Keep periods and commas within quotation marks.
According
to Professor Jones, Lincoln “feared the spread of slavery,” but many of his aides advised him to “watch and wait.”
2) Place all other punctuation marks (colons, semicolons, exclamation marks, question marks) outside
the quotation
marks, except when they were part of the original quotation
.
Take a look at the following examples:
The student wrote that the U. S. Civil War “finally ended around 1900″!
The coach yelled, “Run
!”
3.) Quotations
within
quotations
require single quotes
.
Brent Staples argues in his essay about IQ as an object of reverence:
“
Most scientists concede that they don’t really know what
‘intelligence’
is. Whatever it might be, paper and pencil tests aren’t the tenth of it
”
(293).Slide14
Additional Rules
4.) Indirect Quotation
When you want to quote the words that you found quoted in someone else’s work, put the name of the person whose words you’re quoting in your own sentence. Give the work where you found the quotation either in your sentence or in a parenthetical citation beginning with “
qtd
. in
”.
Martin Scorsese acknowledges the link between himself and his films: “I realize that all my life, I’ve been an outsider. I splatter bits of myself all over the screen” (
qtd
. in
Giannetti
and
Eyman
397).
Giannetti
and
Eyman
quote
Martin Scorsese
as acknowledging the link between himself and his films: “
I realize that all my life, I’ve been an outsider. I splatter bits of myself all over the screen”
(397
).