Examples of uni dimensional traits Surveys Locus of Control Type AB Need for Cognition Tolerance of Ambiguity Personal Attributes Questionnaire PAQ Bem SexRole Inventory Locus of Control ID: 484666
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Slide1
Objective Personality TestsSlide2
Examples of uni
-dimensional traits
Surveys
Locus of Control
Type
A/B
Need for Cognition
Tolerance of Ambiguity
Personal Attributes Questionnaire (PAQ
)
Bem
Sex-Role InventorySlide3
Locus of Control
Julian Rotter
1966Internal
vs
External
Control of reinforcement
Internal = own action determines rewards
External = rewards determined by luck, fate, chanceSlide4
Type A/B
Friedman and Jordan
1950s
Type A = ambitious, rigidly organized, highly status conscious, sensitive, truthful, impatient, try to help others, meet deadlines, multi-task
Type B = apathetic, patient, relaxed, easy-going, no sense of time schedule, poor organizational skillsSlide5
Need for Cognition
Cacioppo
and Petty1982
“tendency for an individual to engage in and enjoy thinking”Slide6
Tolerance for Ambiguity
MSTAT - Multiple
Stimulus
T
ypes Ambiguity Tolerance
David McLain 1993
“ability to tolerate contradictory and incalculable information”
Trait or state
?Slide7Slide8
Bem Sex-Role Inventory (BSRI)
Sandra
Bem
1974
Masculine and feminine traits
20 m traits, 20 f, 20 “distractors”
Gender roles = how people identify themselves psychologicallySlide9
Bem “alternatives”
Gender Traits Test –
link
Personal Attributes Questionnaire (PAQ)
Spence,
Helmreich
and
Stapp
– 1974
Instrumental and expressive characteristics Slide10
Examples of uni
-dimensional traits
Behavioral
Impulsive/Reflective (
Kagan
- Matching familiar figures)
Field Dependent/Independent (
Witkin
- embedded figures)Slide11
Impulsive/Reflective
Matching Familiar Figures – (MFF)
Jerome
Kagan
– 1965
Based on time to react
Slower, more accurate = reflective
Faster, less accurate = impulsiveSlide12
Field Dependent/Independent
Embedded Figures Test – (EFT)
Herman
Witkin
– 1950’sSlide13Slide14
Field Dependent
–
has trouble finding geometric shape embedded in background = very interpersonal, reads social cues well, openly convey own feelings. Women more likely field dependentSlide15
Field independent
– readily finds geometric shape regardless of background = has internal frame of reference, imposes own sense of order on situation lacking structure, impersonal and task oriented, separate own self identity from field. Men frequently field independent.Slide16