By Alyssa Clements The Central Nervous System Visual Auditory Tactile touch Olfactory smell Gustatory taste Vestibular balance Proprioception body position A Typical Sensory System ID: 358072
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Slide1
Sensory Processing Disorder (SPD)
By Alyssa ClementsSlide2
The Central Nervous System
Visual
Auditory
Tactile (touch)Olfactory (smell)Gustatory (taste)Vestibular (balance)Proprioception (body position)Slide3
A Typical Sensory System
The senses receive stimulus from the environment.
The sensory system sends the information to the brain.
The brain interprets the information and sends out a behavioral command to the body. The body reacts. Examples: Touching a hot burner, sunlight, loud noiseSlide4
A Sensory System with SPD
Sensory Processing Disorder/Sensory Integration Dysfunction
A. Jean Ayres, PhD. – Occupational therapist and neuroscientist, 1960-1980
SPD is a condition which prevents the brain from receiving information from the sensory system in order to process and act upon it (“traffic jam”).Individuals with SPD may be unable to from perform everyday tasks and may characterized with clumsiness, behavioral issues, depression, anxiety, and academic failure. Slide5
SPD Spectrum
SPD may affect just 1 or more of the 7 senses in any combination.
Overstimulation vs. Under-stimulation
High intensity vs. low intensityhttp://www.youtube.com/watch?v=6O6Cm0WxEZASlide6
The Cause of SPD
An exact cause has not yet been determined but is being researched.
Possible hypotheses include:
Heredity/Genetics Prenatal or birthing complicationsEnvironmental causesSlide7
Symptoms of SPD
Infants and toddlers
____ Problems eating or sleeping
____ Refuses to go to anyone but me____ Irritable when being dressed; uncomfortable in clothes
____ Rarely plays with toys
____ Resists cuddling, arches away when held
____ Cannot calm self
____ Floppy or stiff body, motor
delays
Pre-school age
____ Over-sensitive to touch, noises, smells, other people
____ Difficulty making friends
____ Difficulty dressing, eating, sleeping, and/or toilet training
____ Clumsy; poor motor skills; weak
____ In constant motion; in everyone else's face and space
____ Frequent or long temper tantrumsSlide8
Symptoms of SPD
Grade school age
___ Over-sensitive to touch, noise, smells, other people
___ Easily distracted, fidgety, craves movement; aggressive
___ Easily overwhelmed
___ Difficulty with handwriting or motor activities
___ Difficulty making friends
___ Unaware of pain and/or other
people
Adolescents
and adults
___ Over-sensitive to touch, noise, smells, and other people
___ Poor self-esteem; afraid of failing at new tasks
___ Lethargic and slow
___ Always on the go; impulsive; distractible
___ Leaves tasks uncompleted
___ Clumsy, slow, poor motor skills or handwriting
___ Difficulty staying focused
___ Difficulty staying focused at work and in meetingsSlide9
Diagnosis & Intervention
Intervention is more effective with young children because their brains are still developing and can be changed more easily.
Early intervention can reduce labeling, poor academics, and stressed family life.
Because the symptoms of SPD and ADHD can be so similar, many children are often misdiagnosed with ADHD and do not receive the proper treatment.
Many children never receive treatment and live with SPD their entire lives. Slide10
Occupational Therapy
The most common treatment for SPD is Occupational Therapy – a controlled play environment.
The goal is self-regulation.
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=4-jqtlwfw5Mhttp://www.youtube.com/watch?v=D1G5ssZlVUwSlide11
Sources
About SPD.
Sensory Processing Disorder Foundation
. 2012. Web. Accessed 01 April 2014. http
://
www.spdfoundation.net/about-sensory-processing- disorder.html
A Child’s View of Sensory Processing
. Easter Seals-Goodwill Northern
Rocky Mountain
, Inc. 2012. Web. Accessed 01 April
2014.
http
://www.youtube.com/watch?v=D1G5ssZlVUw
.
How Occupational Therapy Helps with Sensory Integration Issues.
Pathways. 2013. Web
.
Accessed 01 April 2014.
http
://
www.youtube.com/watch?v=4- jqtlwfw5M
.
Kranowitz
, Carol Stock.
The Out-of-Sync Child.
New York: The Berkley Publishing Group, 1998. Print
.
What Is Sensory Processing Disorder?
SensoryTeamHandbook.com. 2009. Web. Accessed
01 April
2014.
http
://
www.youtube.com/watch?v=6O6Cm0WxEZA
.
Willimason
, G. Gordon & Marie E.
Anzalone
. Sensory Integration and Self-
Regualtion
in Infants and Toddlers. Washington D.C.: Zero to Three, 2001. Print
.