11 The Cardiovascular System 16 slides The Cardiovascular System Introduction 2 Organs amp 1Tissues of the Cardiovascular System what are they Organs Tissue Anterior View Figure 113a ID: 769820
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11 The Cardiovascular System 16 slides
The Cardiovascular System Introduction: * 2 Organs & 1Tissues of the Cardiovascular System: what are they? *Organs = *Tissue = Anterior View
Figure 11.3a Left common carotid artery Left subclavian artery Aortic arch Ligamentum arteriosum Left pulmonary artery Left pulmonary veins Left atrium Auricle of left atrium Circumflex artery Left coronary artery in coronary sulcus (left atrioventricular groove) Left ventricle Great cardiac vein Anterior interventricular artery (in anterior interventricular sulcus) Apex Brachiocephalic trunk Superior vena cava Right pulmonary artery Ascending aorta Pulmonary trunk Right pulmonary veins Right atrium Right coronary artery in coronary sulcus (right atrioventricular groove) Anterior cardiac vein Right ventricle Marginal artery Small cardiac vein Inferior vena cava (a) Anterior View
I. The Heart A. Introduction * Location: Basic Structure:Chambers*Base*ApexSize = *Main Tissue Type:3. *Basic Function: 2 nd Rib 7 th RibDiaphragm DiaphragmSternum DiaphragmApexBaseAnterior View
Figure 11.1a Midsternal line 2nd rib Diaphragm (a) Sternum Point of maximal intensity (PMI) Anterior View
Figure 11.1c Superior vena cava Pulmonary trunk Diaphragm (c) Aorta Left lung Pericardium (cut) Apex of heart Parietal pleura (cut) Anterior View
B. Anatomy Heart Coverings = Pericardium = a double-walled sac; made of “a” and “b” belowa. Fibrous pericardium: describeb. Serous membrane: Visceral pericardium = epicardium of heart which is part of the Pericardium and the Heart Wall Parietal pericardium c. *Serous fluid: Fibrous Pericardium Parietal PericardiumVisceral P.
Figure 11.1b Mediastinum Heart Left lung (b) Posterior Superior View of a Transverse Section
2. The Heart: Heart Wall give location and tissue for all the below a. * EpicardiumTissueb. *MyocardiumTissuec. * EndocardiumTissue (Endothelium) Pericardium Myocardium Pulmonary trunk Fibrous pericardium Pericardial cavity Epicardium (visceral layer of serous pericardium) Myocardium Endocardium Heart chamber Heart W all Parietal pericardium Pericardium
3. Chambers– 4 a. Atria i ) *Structure: size, amount of muscle?ii) Receive blood from: Right A. Left A.b. Ventriclesi ) *Structure size, amount of muscle?ii) Pump blood to:Right V. Left V. LA R A RV LV Anterior View of frontal section
Figure 11.5 Right ventricle Muscular interventricular septum Left ventricle Anterior View showing a transverse section
4. The Heart: Septa - Mostly made up cardiac muscle a. Interventricular septum *Separates:b. Interatrial septum *Separates: Anterior View
5. The Heart’s Role in Blood Circulation Rule about Arteries and Veins Veins Arteries b ) General Path of Blood into Arteries and from VeinsInto heart via Veins _______________Atria _______________ of same side Ventricle ________________ Anterior View
The Heart’s Role in Blood Circulation … c ) Two Circulations i ) Systemic circulation:From left side of the heart: toii) Pulmonary circulation:From right side of the heart to: iii) Blood in both circulations: move in synchrony as they are connected are via the heart chambers d) Like 2 separate pumps*Right Side of Heart pumps blood to where? * Left Side of Heart pumps blood to where?
Figure 11.4 Capillary beds of lungs where gas exchange occurs Pulmonary veins Aorta and branches Left atrium Left ventricle Heart Systemic Circuit Right atrium Right ventricle Venae cavae Pulmonaryarteries Pulmonary Circuit Capillarybeds of allbody tissues where gasexchangeoccurs KEY: Oxygen-rich,CO2-poor blood Oxygen-poor,CO2-rich blood
6. The Heart: Valves - * Function: - Two types of valves– total of 4 valvesAtrioventricular (AV) valves- *Are between ?i ) *Cusps ii) *Chordae Tendineae function iii) Specific Valves: Bicuspid (mitral) Tricuspid (right) Bicuspid TricuspidAnterior View
b) Semilunar valves - * Are between ?i) Pulmonary semilunar ii) Aortic semilunar Anterior View Pulmonary S Aortic S
Figure 11.3b Superior vena cava Right atrium Right pulmonary veins Fossa ovalis Right atrioventricular valve (tricuspid valve) Right ventricle Chordae tendineae Inferior vena cava (b) Anterior View showing Frontal section showing interior chambers and valves. Aorta Left pulmonary artery Left atrium Left pulmonary veins Pulmonary semilunar valve Left atrioventricular valve (bicuspid valve) Aortic semilunar valve Left ventricle Interventricular septum Myocardium Visceral pericardium Right pulmonary artery