InterACTIVE Notebook Setup 2152018 Mughal Empire and Culture This will be one page Religion and Culture Abu Akbars Reign Mughal Rise and Politics Sunni Islamic Turkish nomadic group ID: 752637
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Slide1
Objective
WWBAT: Introduce the origins of the Mughal Empire and major leaders of the Mughal EmpireSlide2
InterACTIVE Notebook Setup
2/15/2018
Mughal Empire and Culture
This will be one page Slide3
Religion and Culture
Abu Akbar’s Reign
Mughal Rise and Politics Slide4
Sunni Islamic Turkish nomadic group
that
invaded
in the
Indian subcontinent
in the early 16th Century Empire lasted from
1526-1857Conquered the Delhi Sultanate
They claimed descent from Genghis Khan Mughal is a Persian term for MongolRelied on a military elite armed with firearms to lead invasion and establish their empire Unified small regional kingdoms via conquest and eventually unified much of the India subcontinentMughal Rise and PoliticsSlide5
Mughal Rise and Politics
Empire
expanded consistently
from its creation
until
the early part of the
18th century Slide6
Most Important Emperors
Babur (1526-1530) The First of the
Mughals
Akbar (1556-1605) The
Great
Shah Jehan (1627-1658) The Master BuilderAurangzeb (1658-1707) The IntolerantSlide7
Mughal Rise and Politics
Early
on
relied upon
a decentralized network of local administrators called zamindar
Essentially an aristocracy Collected
tribute(crops like rice, pepper, and cotton) from peasants kept 10% and sent quota to stateOften kept much more than the 10% they were permitted Often hated by peasants, viewed as doing little work and profiting from their labor Slide8
Zamindars
Slide9
Mughal Rise and Politics
Eventually established a
strong centralized bureaucracy
Hindus and Muslims involved
Were an Islamic empire ruling primarily Hindu subjects, so
religious tolerance was major part of his
government Jizya sporadically enforced
Caste system was still present, but not nearly as important as in the pastWhere do Muslim rulers, scholars, ect fit?Slide10
Abu Akbar’s Reign(1556–1605)
He is
regarded
as one of the
greatest
rulers of all time
, regardless of countryResponsible for expanded religious tolerance and further centralized government Slide11
Abu Akbar’s Reign (
1556–1605)
Akbar
reformed
this system of
taxation in a way that both ensured higher revenues for the state as well as centralizing the power of the governmentAkbar
monetized the tax system, requiring peasants to pay taxes in currency rather than in agricultural produceSell harvests at state monitored markets for silver rupee or copper dam Taxes had
paid directly to the government Slide12Slide13
Akbar’s Reign(1556–1605)
Dramatically
increased
the
wealth and power of
the state and weakened the Zamindars
Invited Christian, Hindu and Muslim scholars to peaceful open debates about the merits of their
religions at Ibada Khana(House of Worship)Created his own syncretic religion called “the divine faith” which blended Islamic, Hindu and Zoroastrian beliefsDin-i-ilahi (Religion of God/Godism)Slide14Slide15
Religion and Culture
Persian art and culture introduced
and became very influential on Indian culture
North and Western Indian especially
Persian and Urdu
both adopted and spread as
state languages Slide16
Religion and Culture
Sikhism developed based on interactions between Islam and Hinduism
Sikhism=Islam's
notion of the oneness of God with the Hindu concept of inclusiveness
Government used increased wealth to sponsor of art
Mostly painting and architecture Used to legitimized and consolidate powerSlide17
Religion and Culture
Painting=Miniatures
, battles, court scenes,
receptions, legendary stories, hunting scenes,
wildlife,
portraits,
ect Architecture=Blend of Islamic, Persian, and Hindu styles
Mausolea(tomb) and mosques Large bulbous domes, slender minarets at the corners, massive halls, large vaulted gateways and delicate ornamentationSlide18Slide19Slide20Slide21
The
Taj
MahalSlide22
The
Taj
Mahal
Built by Mughal Emperor Shah Jahan
Mausoleum for his 3rd wife
She died giving birth to their 14th childSlide23