Careers of Three Latina Superintendents By Flora Ida Ortiz Presented by Ifthika Shine Nissar Doctoral Student CSUSB EDUC 702 Foundations in Education and Leadership Why should we be concerned about Latina superintendents and their ID: 416274
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Using Social Capital in Interpreting theCareers of Three Latina SuperintendentsBy Flora Ida Ortiz
Presented by
Ifthika
“Shine”
Nissar
Doctoral Student – CSUSB
EDUC 702 Foundations in Education and LeadershipSlide2
Why should we be concerned about Latina superintendents and theircareers?
Activity
Individual
List 5 people you know in leadership positionsSort them by their professionSort them by genderSort them by race Share with your neighborShare with large group
Top 3 Tips for Succeeding as a Female Superintendent
By Suzanne L. Gilmour and Mary. P.
Kinsella
1. Getting There: It’s about the match.
2. Staying There: It’s about relationships.
3. Leading with a higher aim: It’s about integrity and passion.
http://www.aasa.org/content.aspx?id=11542&terms=female+superintendentsSlide3
Learning Objectives…Participants will learn the following by reviewing the career path of 3 Latina Superintendents applying the concept of social capitalDefine Social Capital
Learn how Latina superintendents are successful in obtaining superintendency
Learn how Latina superintendents are successful
retaining the superintendencySlide4
Did you know?http://www1.salary.com/School-Superintendent-Salary.html
http://www.breitbart.com/Big-Government/2014/02/09/CA-School-Superintendent-makes-Outrageous-Sum-of-Money
Female superintendents comprise only 23 percent of the superintendent population
The number of minority superintendents is around six percent. American Association of School Administrators – AASA - School Superintendents Association http://www.aasa.org/ Association of California School Administrators http://www.acsa.org/
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=j9z5tYaL9b0
Superintendent for the Day!Slide5
There are 15,000 school districts in the U.S.4 million professional educators
Fewer that 1,000 women Superintendents (Glass, 1992; Grogan, 1996)
Women are also shown to occupy a higher proportion (28%) of superintendencies in the smallest districts consisting of fewer than 300 students, than men (14%)
25 to 30 Latina school district superintendentsActivity – Apply this to your work/schooling and reflect…How many employees? How many minorities?How many females in leadership positions?
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Why should we be concerned about Latina superintendents and theircareers?
Growing Latino student population and the benefits from leaders who are representative
of their community’s population.
Latinas bring to the superintendency position resources associated with their gender and ethnicity.superintendency as held by a Latina, leadership and success factors, otherwise overlooked, may be highlighted.Slide7
THEORETICAL FRAMEWORKWhat is Social Capital? Structure of social relations:
Trust
Cooperation
Collective actionRelationshipsReciprocal obligations & transactions Strong networksDurkheim’s (1961) notion of social solidarity. Durkheim argued that structural relationships between individuals hold society together…
Neighborhoods possessing social capital were found to be healthier and more likely to survive…Slide8
As Stanton-Salazar (1997) so eloquently wrote, “The value of social capital, as a concept, lies in the fact that it identifies properties (or laws) of social structure that are used
by actors to achieve their interests
”
(p. 8; also see Burt, 1997).Slide9
Several forms of embeddedness (social ties, cultural practices, and political contexts) suggest how social capital inheres in a variety of structures of relations (i) Micro Level – intracommunity relations
(ii) Macro level it refers to state-society relations
Social capital may unite groups or divide them
A balance between the forms of embeddedness provides degrees and types of autonomy. Autonomy at the micro level refers to extra-community networks, whereas at the macro level, it refers to “institutional capacity and credibility” (Woolcock, 1998, p. 164).Slide10
Autonomy of superintendents…autonomy at the micro level is the extent to which the superintendent and other school members have access to out-of-district community members.
At the
macro level
, autonomy is the extent to which school officials are connected to civil and other leaders, are governed by a professional ethos, and are able to recruit and reward colleagues on the basis of merit. Their decisions and actions are, therefore, viewed as legitimate and just…Slide11
Superintendents appointment and establishment of a career depends on the social capital of…Relationships between the superintendent and the school board and the superintendent and the community.
“construction of interpersonal trust, solidarity, and shared meaning in the context of institutional relations,” Stanton-Salazar (1997, p. 17)
Lasting and trustworthy relationships are more likely to call for commitment and permanency in the career and stability to the school district
.Slide12
Gender and Ethnic SubgroupsWomen socialized to value being connected to others and willing to maintain relationships (Gilligan, 1982)would be expected to not only be linked to women and their groups but would strive to remain connected
A Latina superintendent may be more able to gain parental and community commitment toward education from a community consisting of a higher proportion of Latinos than non-Latinos.
A Latina may gain support from the Latino community through the women and be more effective with that community than a male or Latino superintendent because the relationship is based on prior history and the belief between the two that they can trust each other.Slide13
Develop your Career LadderActivity
Reflect on your education and professional journey
Where have you been?
Where are you heading? Where do you see your self in 5 years? Develop your career ladder Dr. Susan Jindra, Professor, CSUSB – Career Ladder Slide14
Meet the three Latina Superintendents1. Ms. Contreras
Kinship Structure of Relations…
Superintendent whose social capital is
limited to intracommunity ties, cultural practices and political context and the associated autonomyReview your handout and identify Ms. Contreras…Slide15
Meet the three Latina Superintendents2. Dr. Duran
Technical Structure of Relations…
Superintendent whose social capital
spans intracommunity ties, state-technical relations, and extracommunity technical networks and the associated cultural practices and political context and the consequent autonomyReview your handout and identify Dr. Duran…Slide16
Dr. Duran’s tenure lasted only 3 years Social capital was limited as she did not embed in a structure of relations in the community Social resources belong to those in one’s social network Social capital becomes necessary for superintendency appointment and career establishment
Dr. Duran did not balance the process (people) and the product (Task). She was product oriented and took charge of what needed to be accomplished.
Being superintendent includes relating more than doing
Dr. Robert Bailey, Professor, CSUSB – Balance of Leadership with process and taskSlide17
Careers of Three Latina Superintendents3. Dr. Singer
Embedded Structure of Relations…
Superintendent whose social capital consists of a
wide-ranging and a high degree of embeddedness, cultural practices, and political contexts spanning the school district, community, state, and national levels. Career provides autonomy through the support of extracommunity networks to improve the district…Review your handout and identify Dr. Singer…Slide18
Dr. Singer was appointed to an urban, large school district of more than 35,000 students School district was bankrupted, overcrowded andConsisted of aging school buildings, High administrator turnover (during 7 years 12 Sups.)
Low teacher morale
Diverse student populations in the country
...Students and teachers felt the connection, but did not fully understand what was happening…Slide19
Did you know?Superintendent Demographics(from the
2006 State of the Superintendency study
)
21.7 percent of superintendents are women, a number that is increasing over time. The mean age of superintendents is between 54 and 55 years of age. The number of minority superintendents is around six percent. 60 percent of superintendents have a doctoral degree.http://www.aasa.org/content.aspx?id=740&terms=salary+of+superintendentsSlide20
Superintendent TenureTenure for superintendents often makes headlines but is frequently understated. The mean tenure for a superintendent is five to six years. The annual turnover rate for superintendents is between 14 and 16 percent.
http://www.aasa.org/content.aspx?id=740&terms=salary+of+superintendentsSlide21
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=YcUE198wD9o 10 Most Powerful Women in the Worldhttps://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Cu0jxQoybmg
Leaders Care - Inspirational Leadership Video
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=03o1JZ7c7gISlide22
Social Capital based on
Kinship Relationships
Ms. Contreras
Social Capital Based on Technical Relationships
Dr. Duran
Social Capital based on
Embedded Structure - Social and Professional Networks spanning community, state, and national levels
.
Dr. Singer
Types of Social Capital in Interpreting the Careers of Three Latina SuperintendentsSlide23
EvaluationWrite down key words and or phrases of each type of superintendency on handout #2 What worked? What did not work? Why?Define Social Capital
Discuss key findings in small groups
Groups of 3(CSUSB), and 2 (PDC)
Questions?Slide24
Work Cited…Ortiz, F. I. (2001). Using social capital in interpreting the careers of three Latina superintendents. Educational Administration Quarterly,
37
(1), 58-85
http://www.aasa.org/content.aspx?id=11542&terms=female+superintendents http://www1.salary.com/School-Superintendent-Salary.html http://www.breitbart.com/Big-Government/2014/02/09/CA-School-Superintendent-makes-Outrageous-Sum-of-Money http://www.aasa.org/ - American Association of School Administratorshttp://www.acsa.org/ - Association of California School Administrators
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=j9z5tYaL9b0
- Superintendent for the Day
http://www.aasa.org/content.aspx?id=740&terms=salary+of+superintendents
-
2006 State of the Superintendency study
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=YcUE198wD9o
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Cu0jxQoybmg
- 10 Most Powerful Women in the World
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=03o1JZ7c7gI
- Leaders Care - Inspirational Leadership Video
Pictures and Clip art – world wide web
Dr. Susan
Jindra
, Professor, CSUSB – Career Ladder
Dr. Robert Bailey, Professor, CSUSB – Balance of Leadership with process and task