By Michelle tabares amp Julie vasquez CausesConflicts In 1991 Slovenia Croatia and Macedonia declared their independence during the war in Croatia that followed the Serbdominated Yugoslav army supported Serbian separatists there in their brutal clashes with Croatian forces ID: 572030
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Slide1
Bosnia-Herzegovina
By: Michelle
tabares
& Julie
vasquezSlide2
Causes/Conflicts
In 1991, Slovenia, Croatia and Macedonia declared their independence; during the war in Croatia that followed, the Serb-dominated Yugoslav army supported Serbian separatists there in their brutal clashes with Croatian forces.
On
April 5, 1992, the government of Bosnia declared its independence from
Yugoslavia
The creation of an independent Bosnian nation that would have a
Bosniak
majority was opposed by Bosnian
Serbs
The Bosnians Serbs
launched a military campaign to secure coveted territory and “cleanse” Bosnia of its Muslim civilian population
.Slide3
Causes/Conflicts
The Serbs targeted
Bosniak
and Croatian civilians in areas under their control, in what has become known as "ethnic cleansing
."
During the
civil
war that lasted from 1992 to 1995,
around 100,000
people were killed, 80% of
were
Bosniaks
.
In
July 1995, Bosnian Serb forces killed as many as 8,000
Bosniak
men and boys from the town of Srebrenica.
It
was the largest massacre in Europe since the Holocaust
.Slide4
The Aftermath
Up to 7,500 men, and boys over 13 years old, were killed. They were trucked or marched to their places of death. Up to 3,000, many in the act of trying to escape, were shot or decapitated in the fields
.
1,500 were locked in a warehouse and sprayed with machine gun fire and grenades. Others died in their thousands on farms, football fields, school playgrounds. The whole action was carried out with military efficiency
.
Some of the bodies have been found and some of the mass graves opened. Identification has proved almost impossible - just a few hundred have been given names. There are still 20,000 people listed as missing in Bosnia.
There was always work for the gravediggers as playing fields and spare areas of ground were turned into cemeteries.Slide5
Resolution
The war
ended
in 1995 with a peace agreement negotiated in Dayton, Ohio. It established two state “entities”: the Serb Republic, which includes Srebrenica, and the Bosnian Federation joined by a weak central government.
In 2001, Serbian General
Radislav
Krstic
, who played a major role in the Srebrenica massacre was convicted of genocide and sentenced to 46 years in prison.
Refugees
were guaranteed the right to return to their homes, but only
a few of the
Bosniak
population
returned to
Srebrenica. Slide6
Conclusion
In May 1993, the U.N. Security Council created the International Criminal Tribunal for the Former Yugoslavia (ICTY)
in the
Netherlands.
It
was the first international tribunal since the Nuremberg Trials in 1945-46 and the first to prosecute genocide, among other war
crimes.
Radovan
Karadzic and the Bosnian Serb military commander, General Ratko Mladic, were among those indicted by the ICTY for genocide and other crimes against humanity
.On July 11, 2000, UN Secretary-General Kofi Annan issued this statement: 'The tragedy of Srebrenica will forever haunt the history of the United Nations. This day commemorates a massacre on a scale unprecedented in Europe since the second world war - a massacre of people who had been led to believe that the UN would ensure their safety. We cannot undo this tragedy, but it is vitally important that the right lessons be learned and applied in the futureSlide7
Pledge Awareness
The
Prime
Minister established funds of 1.2 million dollars for
additional support to UK charitable initiative Remembering Srebrenica
.
Established in 2013 with part funding from
the
Local Government, and support from the Foreign & Commonwealth Office, the initiative raises public awareness of the genocide that took place; continuing tackle discrimination.
Along with raising awareness; Srebrenica Memorial Day was declared taking place on 11 July in the
UK.
E
ducational
‘Lessons from Srebrenica’ visits to the town
were established so
that individuals can learn about the genocide and the victims’
lives to increase
public awareness.Slide8
Citations
http://
www.ushmm.org/confront-genocide/cases/bosnia-herzegovina
http://
www.history.com/topics/bosnian-genocide
http://
www.ppu.org.uk/genocide/g_bosnia2.html
https://
www.gov.uk/government/news/pm-pledges-12-million-to-remember-victims-of-srebrenica
http://curzonpr.com/press-release-srebrenica-memorial-day
/