Key Terms Revenue Money Writs of Assistance Legal documents that allow officers to enter any location to search for anything Resolution a formal expression of political opinion Effigy A stuffed dummy ID: 719114
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Slide1
Chapter 5
Leading to WarSlide2
Key Terms
Revenue- Money
Writs of Assistance- Legal documents that allow officers to enter any location to search for anything
Resolution- a formal expression of political opinion
Effigy- A stuffed dummy
Boycott- Refusing to support business
Non importation- Not bringing anything into
Repeal- Canceling
Admiralty Court- Military CourtSlide3
Relations with Britain
Proclamation of 1763
Keeping a standing army
Britain seeks revenue to pay for the warSlide4
Increased Taxes don’t work
George Grenville, Prime Minister
Angry at smugglers
Civilians tried in Admiralty Courts
Gives Writs of Assistance to tax collectorsSlide5
Sugar Act
Actually lowered taxes and made smuggling more illegal
So what’s the problem?Slide6
Stamp Act
Every printed document must have a stamp that must be paid for
Interferes and inconveniences their lives
Quartering Act- Soldiers get to live at your houseSlide7
Stamp Act Congress
Patrick Henry
Virginia passes a resolution saying it is up to the colonists to approve and decide taxesSlide8
Samuel Adams
Gets together with some rowdy friends and creates the SONS OF LIBERTY
Large protest group, burns effigiesSlide9
Stamp Act Congress
A group representing 9 colonies meets and petitions the king asking for the right to decide taxes
Stages a mass boycott and non importation agreementSlide10
Declaratory Act, 1766
Binds the crown and the colonies, “in all cases whatsoever”
Repeals the stamp actSlide11
Townshend Acts
Taxes on only imported goods
The problem is that the goods that are imported are required for basic needsSlide12
Daughters of Liberty
Advocate for Boycotts
Wear homemade clothes
Be independent of BritainSlide13
Building Colonial unitySlide14
Trouble in Boston
The
Liberty
Affair
Soldiers aren’t the most savory of individuals
Bostonians hate the redcoatsSlide15
The Boston MassacreSlide16
The Boston Massacre
March 5, 1770
“We did not send for you. We will not have you here. We’ll get rid of you, we’ll drive you away”
“Fire you
bloodybacks
, you lobsters, you dare not fire”
Throwing stones, snowballs, pieces of woodSlide17
Aftermath
5 colonists killed, including
Crispus
Attucks, a part African, Part Native American
“Are the inhabitants to be knocked down in the streets? Are they to be murdered in this manner?Slide18
The Trial
John Adams defends the soldiers
Even the most hated redcoats deserve an honest and fair trialSlide19
Propaganda
Information designed to influence opinion
Describing the “Massacre”
Committee of Correspondence- A group of organizers driving propagandaSlide20
Tea Act, 1773
Actually lowered the price of tea
East India Trading Company could ship without paying taxes
The problem is representation, also it hurt colonial merchantsSlide21
The Boston Tea Party
Threats work for a while
Dartmouth, Eleanor, and the Beaver
60 men dressed as Mohawk Indians destroy tea shipment
Why Indians?Slide22Slide23
Intolerable Acts
Boston Port Act- Shut down the Boston Port
Massachusetts Government Act- Put Parliament in charge of Mass.
Administration of Justice Act- Gave Parliament and the Army more power over colonists
Quebec Act- Gave French more freedom and power in Quebec
Quartering Acts- Forced the colonists to house SoldiersSlide24
A Call to armsSlide25
The Proof is in the Songs
Liberty but continual loyalty
The Bold Americans Says-
We’ll honor George, our sovereign, while he sits on the throne.
If he grants us liberty, no other king we’ll own
If he will grant us liberty, so plainly shall you see
We are the boys that fear no noise! Success to libertySlide26
Where are we in Hamilton
My Shot
The Story of Tonight
Farmer RefutedSlide27
The First Continental Congress
September 1744, 55 men
Attempting to organize and represent American interests and get something done
“The distinctions between Virginians, Pennsylvanians, New Yorkers, and New Englanders are no more… I am not a Virginian, but an American”- Patrick HenrySlide28
Delegates
Georgia is absent
Massachusetts sends the Adams cousins, John and Samuel
New York sent John Jay
Virginia sent Richard Henry Lee, Patrick Henry, and George WashingtonSlide29
Decisions
Not united in their views
Draft a statement of grievances calling for the repeal of the 13 acts passed
Declare that the laws violate the fundamental rule of law and the laws of nature
Vote to Boycott
Supported the local militiasSlide30
First Battles
Birth of the Minuteman
“People are evidently making every preparation for resistance. They are taking every means to provide themselves with arms.”Slide31
King George Responds
George goes to Parliament to tell them he’s sending troops
“to Concord, where you will seize and destroy all the artillery and ammunition you can find”Slide32
Alerting the Colonists
April 18, 1775, the British attack
Dr. Joseph Warren sees the British coming
Two Lanterns hung in Old North Church in BostonSlide33
Midnight Ride
Paul Revere and William Dawes ride to Lexington and warn Samuel Adams and John Hancock
The Minutemen are ready for the RedcoatsSlide34
Lexington and ConcordSlide35
Lexington and Concord
At Dawn the redcoats reach Lexington
About 70 minutemen are waiting for them
The Shot Heard Round the WorldSlide36
Lexington and Concord
British troops kill 8 minutemen
Push them back to Concord
While the battle is technically a “loss” it is much more
174 wounded British, 74 dead
Blacksmiths, farmers, saddle makers, and clerks Slide37
More Military Action
Benedict Arnold seizes Ticonderoga
Surprises the British
Who is Benedict Arnold?Slide38
Building forces
Americans build forces and eventually the “militia” grows to 20,000 in BostonSlide39
Battle of Bunker HillSlide40
Bunker Hill
16 June 1775
1200 Militiamen under Col. William Prescott
Actually takes place on Breed’s Hill
Low on gunpowder and ammunition
British charge 3 times
Lack of ammunition, not casualties that win the warSlide41
Declaring Independence
It's too late to apologize remix
LyricsSlide42
Your Assignment
Pick your own song
Create one verse and chorus
Use the Declaration of Independence as
a guideSlide43
Moving Towards IndependenceSlide44
The Second Continental Congress
May 1775
Members were not set on breaking from Britain despite Lexington and Concord
Jefferson is the youngest there, 32 years old
Franklin is the most popular
Hancock is probably the richest, president of the congressSlide45
Second Continental Congress
Starts to govern the colonies, sort of
Prints money, sets up a post office, and establishes relations with Natives
Creates a Continental Army, lead by George WashingtonSlide46
Olive Branch Petition
5 July 1775
The Last attempt to avoid war with BritainSlide47
King George’s Refusal
King George isn’t having it
Decides to send 30,000 German Mercenaries instead, called HessiansSlide48
Colonists go on the Attack
British are planning to invade from Canada
The Americans take Fort Ticonderoga and Montreal in November 1775
Can’t Take Quebec
The growing Militia spends the winter at Fort TiconderogaSlide49
Washington arrives at Boston
Just after the fall of Bunker Hill Washington makes it to Boston
By March Washington judges the militia to be large enough to take Boston
Fortifies his cannons and points them at BostonSlide50Slide51
Thomas Paine
Prominent writer
Pushes the colonists towards war
Cries that it is common sense to stop following the royal bruteSlide52
Declaring Independence
Richard Henry Lee proposes a resolution
“That these United Colonies are, and of right ought to be, free and independent states… and that all political connection
betweeen
them and the State of Great Britain is, and ought to be, totally dissolved”Slide53
Drafting the Declaration
Thomas Jefferson, the youngest (32), is selected to draft the Declaration
Adams was the first choice, but he knew Jefferson was a better writer, and people liked him more
Jefferson uses the words of philosophers Montesquieu and LockeSlide54
Quick Facts
2 July 1776, voted on and partially signed
4 July 1776, revised, finalized, signed
56 signers
John Hancock’s Signature
Copies sent out to the states, the troops, King George, and ParliamentSlide55
DOI
4 Parts
Preamble
Declaration of Natural Rights
Grievances
Declaration of IndependenceSlide56
We hold these truths to be SELF EVIDENT, that all man are created equal, that they are endowed by their creator with certain unalienable rights, that among these are Life, Liberty, and the pursuit of Happiness