PPT-Molecular Evolution and Phylogenetic Tree Reconstruction

1 4 3 2 5 1 4 2 3 5 Phylogenetic Trees Nodes species Edges time of independent evolution Edge length represents evolution time AKA genetic distance Not necessarily chronological time. Read Chapter 4. Phylogeny. All living organisms are related to each other having descended from common ancestors.. Understanding the evolutionary relationships between groups enables us to reconstruct the tree of life and gain insight into history of evolutionary change.. Spring 2011. Constantinos (. Costis. ) Daskalakis. costis@mit.edu. lecture . 19. the evolutionary process. the “tree of life”. ACCGT…. AACGT…. ACGGT…. ACTGT…. TCGGT…. ACTGT…. ACCGT…. Systematics. Phylogeny. Phylon. = tribe, . geny. . = genesis or origin. The evolutionary history of a species or a group of related species.. Investigating the Tree of Life. Phylogeny: the evolutionary history of a species or group of species. Joachim Bargsten. February 2012. Comparative . genomics. The study of the relationship of genome structure and function. across different biological species or strains. .. Why . should we do this?. How . Represent traits that are either derived or lost due to evolution . definitions. evolutionary history of a species or group of species. discipline focused on classifying organisms & determining their evolutionary relationships. Methods. Dr Laura Emery . Laura.Emery@ebi.ac.uk. www.ebi.ac.uk. /training. Objectives. After this . tutorial you . should be able to. …. Discuss . a range of . methods for . phylogenetic . inference, their advantages. Objective. SWBAT explain and demonstrate that organisms share many conserved core processes and features that evolved and are widely distributed among organisms today.. Agenda. Chapter 25 Quiz. Chapter 26 notes: sections 26.1, 26.2, and 26.3. The first Darwinian principle told that every phylogenetic tree has one common ancestor. .. Phylogen. e. tic analysis is the study of taxonomic relationships among lineages. .. Willi Hennig . (1913-1976). Dr Laura Emery . Laura.Emery@ebi.ac.uk. www.ebi.ac.uk. Objectives. After this . tutorial you . should be able to. …. Discuss . the impact of a range of biological phenomena upon phylogenetic . inference. Phylogenies. Dr Laura Emery . Laura.Emery@ebi.ac.uk. www.ebi.ac.uk. /training. Objectives. After this tutorial you should be able to…. Use essential phylogenetic . terminology . effectively. Discuss aspects of phylogenies and their implications for phylogenetic . 69 brought to you by CORE View metadata, citation and similar papers at core.ac.uk B. BRUVO-MAĐARIĆ: Molekularne �logenetske metode u entomologiji – nove spoznaje u evolucijskim odnosi Silling S, Wieland U, Werner M, Pfister H, Potthoff A, Kreuter A. Resolution of Novel Human Papillomavirus–induced Warts after HPV Vaccination. Emerg Infect Dis. 2014;20(1):142-145. https://doi.org/10.3201/eid2001.130999. Nielsen SC, Mourier T, Baandrup U, Søland T, Bertelsen M, Gilbert M, et al. Probable Transmission of Coxsackie B3 Virus from Human to Chimpanzee, Denmark. Emerg Infect Dis. 2012;18(7):1163-1165. https://doi.org/10.3201/eid1807.111689. Trees, and Inferences about Evolution. BMMB597E. Protein Evolution. 1. Given a set of organisms:. Can we measure similarities, and cluster the organisms into subsets?. Can we form hierarchical . clusterings.