By Bradley Veile Lakeside High School Plummer ID Early Influences Early Interests Priesthood Cowboys amp Indians Playing war Conducted Battles as Boer Artist denied entry to Vienna Academy of Fine Arts ID: 695142
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Slide1
Rise of the Nazi Party and Nazi Ideology
By Bradley Veile
Lakeside High School
Plummer, IDSlide2
Early InfluencesEarly Interests Priesthood Cowboys & Indians Playing “war”- Conducted Battles as Boer Artist denied entry to Vienna Academy of Fine Arts
Braunau
am Inn, Austria-HungarySlide3
World War IAustria – moved to Germany – avoid evasion arrest
Germany – enlisted in 1914
served as a dispatch runner
top rank – corporal Treaty of Versailles D
isarm Loss of territory Accept blame for war Reparations
“
Stabbed in the Back”
Theory
left wing political parties Communists Jews
Wounds 1916 - Somme 1918 – Ypres Mustard Gas Awarded Iron Crosses twice Black Wound BadgeSlide4
National Socialist
German Workers
Party
Started 1919 – Anton Drexler
Hitler as military intelligence officer
duty – keep an eye on German Workers Party
After impromptu speech by Hitler – Drexler ask Hitler to join
influential speaker
designed flag red – social idea of the movement swastika – anti-Semitism white – national ideal Slide5
25 Point Program1920Key points:
Revoke Jewish civil rights
Citizenship only for those with German blood
Revoke the Versailles Treaty and Saint Germaine Treaty
Create a “Greater Germany” – based on Lebensraum
Create national army
Strong central government – “Fuhrerprinzip” Authority flows down – authority unquestionedSlide6
Beer Hall Putsch
Goal
Short term
overthrow Bavarian government
Long term overthrow Weimer governmentMethod kidnap Bavarian leaders
force acceptance of Hitler as leaderResult 16 Nazi killed, 3 Munich Police killed Hitler arrested
24 day trial for treason
Trial loosely conducted Sentence – possible life 5 years in Landsburg – served 9 monthsSlide7
Party Membership
1920 (early) – 3000
November – 55,000
1925 – 27,000 1929 – 109,000
1932 – 400,000Economic problems 1921 Reparations bill - $33 billion
Inflation decimate economy
Year Mark Dollar 1921 4 1 75 1 1922 400 1
18,000 1 1923 (July) 160,000 1 (August) 1,000,000 1 (November) 4,000,000,000 1Slide8
Mein
Kampf
Volume 1 - Dictated to Rudolph Hess -1925
Content of Volume 1
German Nationalism
Anti- Bolshevism Anti-Semitism – Jews are: German’s true enemy Not creative – cultural parasite International – control the worldVolume 2 – 1927
Content of Volume 2
History of the Nazi Party
Obtain/retain political power Use of propaganda/terrorism Building a political organizationUsed in educational settingsTraining the SA, SS, and HJGiven as gifts at ceremonies weddings, graduations, etc.Slide9
Elections
New direction – rise to power legally
Weimer Constitutional support
Chancellor appointed not elected
Emergency unchecked power
No checks and balance
Reichstag Elections – Nazi percentages
1924 – 3.0%
1928 – 2.8% 1930 – 18.3% 1932 - 37.0% 1933 - 44.0%
Presidential Election – 1932 Hitler v. Hindenburg 30% 49%Run off required Hitler – 36% Hindenburg – 53%Slide10
1932 Political Turmoil
Chancellor
Bruening
outlaws SA and SS
Hitler agree support for Von Schleicher if:
SA/SS ban lifted Bruening
diposed Conservative Coalition Reichstag dissolved
Hindenburg calls for
Bruening
resignation Papan appointed Chancellor (Schleicher puppet)December 1932 – Papan replaced by SchleicherPapan
persuades Hindenburg appoint Hitler Chancellor and Papan vice-Chancellor Papan could control Hitler and 3 Nazis in 11 member CabinetSlide11
Reichstag Fire
February 1933
Reichstag burned by Nazi as way of increasing power
Mentally unstable man –
Marinus
van der
Lubbe – Dutch setting fires around Berlin suspicious activity around Reichstag strong indications of Nazi support arrested and executed for fire Communists blamed for fire
Result
Hindenburg persuaded to sign Emergency Decree
Hitler given power to
suspend basic rights detain without trial van der Lubbe confessed at trial – death sentence - guillotinedSlide12
Consolidating PowerHitler needed support lacking during Beer Hall Putsch
Army – concerned about SA competition
Industrialists
June 1934 – Night of Long Knives SA leadership assassinated Including Ernst Rohm – early Hitler supporter
Result SS move to more prominent position Army support HitlerJuly 1933 – Enabling Act passed Cabinet given full legislative powers
Nazi Party only legal party Opponents could be sent to Dachau (est. March 1933)Hindenburg dies August 1934 Hitler consolidates offices of President and Chancellor Becomes “Fuhrer” with dictatorial powers