The Tudors - PowerPoint Presentation

Slide1

The Tudors

Divorced, beheaded, died, divorced, beheaded, survivedSlide2

Started in England at the end of the

100 Years

WarTwo Houses, York and Lancaster, fought (Red Rose Lancaster, White Rose York)Begins when Henry IV (Bolingbroke) overthrows Richard IILater Richard III kills everyone including his two nephews to become king….…Only to lose it to Henry Tudor (Henry VII) at the Battle of Bosworth field

War of the RosesSlide3

Henry Tudor married Elizabeth of York

Henry

had defeated Richard III at the Battle of Bosworth Field, ending the Wars of the Roses. Henry VII went on to forge international relationships through the marriages of his children. Henry VII Slide4

Second son of Henry VII

Took the throne when older brother Arthur died

Married his brothers widow Spain and England wanted to keep their alliance“Defender of the faith” Became dissatisfied with the church, marriage and lack of male heirDevelopment of the Anglican (Church of England) faith. Henry VIII Slide5

I need a son. I have been married for 20 years and my wife, Catherine of Aragon is too old to have any more children. Who will inherit my throne when I die?

I spy an attractive lady – in-waiting called Anne Boleyn. If only I could marry her instead. Will the Pope give me a divorce?

The Church is very rich. I need money for my luxurious court. If only I could get my hands on it.

The new Protestant ideas are spreading in Germany. Princes there are reforming their churches and throwing out the Catholic Church.

Some people in England like the new Protestant ideas. They believe that the Bible should be in English not Latin.

The Church takes money out my country in taxes to help build St Peter’s in Rome. What do I get in return?Slide6

Catharine was the

daughter of Isabella and Ferdinand of Spain.

Catharine’s later years were ones of persecution where Henry tried to make her sign annulment papers.Some suitors worried that Mary could not be a legitimate queen as Henry had married his brother’s widow… All of these issues reached the boiling point after 20 yrs. b/c of constant succession worries, Catharine’s diminishing looks, and the appearance of Anne Boleyn…Catherine of AragonSlide7

Henry VIII

When he wanted to marry

Anne Boleyn, Henry created the Church of England and banned the Catholic Church from his nation. He also seized all of the property of the Catholic Church, thereby increasing the wealth of England.Slide8

Henry turns against the pope and passes the Act of Supremacy (approved by parliament

)

The Act made everyone swear an oath recognizing Henry’s divorce and accepting him, not the pope, as the head of the English Church.Thomas More refused to take the oath and was eventually executedAct of Supremacy (1534)Slide9

Anne became Henry VIII’s second

wife.

Daughter Elizabeth Claims of illegitimacy When she failed to produce a male heir, there were rumors that she was infertile…and by that time Henry had met Jane Seymour. Anne tried to woo Henry back, but he had her charged with adultery and had her beheaded…Anne BoleynSlide10

Henry VIII’s third wife

Able to give him a male heir

Edward VIDied soon after child birth When Jane Seymour died (a fever), the 3 siblings were raised togetherJane SeymourSlide11

Henry VIII went on to marry Anne of Cleves – it only lasted 6 months, and Henry got out of it by saying he was impotent on the wedding night…

Henry then married Catherine Howard, a 17 year old, who was soon beheaded for adultery

So Henry married for the final time, to Catherine Parr – she got along well with all the childrenSlide12

Son of Henry VIII and Jane Seymour

Takes the throne at age 9

Too young to rule – guided by advisors Advisors were protestant and reinforced reformsDied 6 years after taking the throneEdward VI Slide13

Mary I

Also known as “Bloody Mary”

Daughter of Catherine of Aragon and Henry VIIIShe was a hardcore Catholic, and was married to another one: Philip II of Spain. Together they purged England of Protestants, and for a short time, returned it to CatholicismSlide14

Mary I

Repealed Henry’s Act of Supremacy

Estimated 300 Protestants burned at the stake under her reignNone of her actions was popular with the now firmly entrenched Protestant EnglandFeared Elizabeth’s succession, Elizabeth was protestant and popularMary had her arrested—she spent two months in the tower of London and a year under house arrest—this increased her popularitySlide15

Daughter of Henry VIII and Anne Boleyn

Became one of England’s greatest leaders

Known as the virgin queenShe kept religious wars downadvanced exploration patron of the arts, and brought England to the position of world power with the defeat of the Spanish ArmadaElizabeth I Slide16

Reformers Slide17

England

, Oxford Theologian

Claims:No basis in scripture to support papal authorityBible as the sole authorityRejected all practices not in scripture (pilgrimage, veneration of saints, sacraments)John Wycliffe (1328-1384)Slide18

Bohemia

(Czech)

Chancellor of the University of PragueAttacked corrupt clergy and power of the popeGained some political supportCalled to the Council of Constance to discuss ideas Arrested and burned at the stake for heresyJan Hus (1374-1415)Slide19