Ann Fordham Executive Director 20 th July 2016 AIDS 2016 Durban A global network of 150 diverse organisations amp networks from over 60 countries Promoting objective and open debate in drug policy ID: 810578
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Slide1
Harm reduction: decriminalising drug use in Asia
Ann Fordham
Executive Director
20
th
July 2016
AIDS 2016, Durban
Slide2A global network of 150+ diverse organisations & networks from over 60 countriesPromoting objective and open debate in drug policyBuilding civil society capacity for advocacy
Slide3HIV prevalence among people who inject drugs compared to the general population in countries reporting >30 000
people who
inject drugs, 2009–2013
Source:
Global AIDS
Response
Progress
Reporting 2014
Slide4Country
Numbers of people who inject drugs (estimate)
Adult HIV prevalence amongst people who inject drugs (%)
Philippines
14,000
44.9
Indonesia
74,32636.4Pakistan
104,84827.2
Cambodia
1,30024.8Myanmar83,00023.1Thailand40,30019Malaysia170,00016.6 (male)Vietnam271,50610.5 (male)India177,0007.2Nepal52,174 6.3 (male)China2,170,0006Afghanistan36,0004.4 (male)Singapore 10,000 – 20,0001.5Bangladesh23,8001.1Sri Lanka4230
HIV prevalence rates amongst people who inject drugs in Asia
Source: data
drawn from UNAIDS AIDS data hub
Slide5Slide6Slide7Slide8“Addicted to punishment”
Forced urine testing
Compulsory registration with security
agencies
Corporal
punishment, eg. caning, flogging or whipping Forced rehabilitation in compulsory detention
centres for up to 3 years
Slide9International Narcotics Control Board, 2015[A]ccording to the Conventions, drug related criminal offences, including those involving the possession, purchase or cultivation of illicit drugs when committed by drug users, do not automatically require the imposition of conviction and
punishment.
Slide10“Declare that people who use drugs should receive support, treatment and protection, rather than be punished
.”
From the USA’s contribution to UNGASS outcome document
Slide11UNGASS Outcome Document“Encourage the development, adoption and implementation, with due regard to national, constitutional, legal and administrative systems, of
alternative or additional measures with regard to conviction or punishment in cases of an appropriate nature
, in accordance with the three international drug control conventions and taking into account, as appropriate, relevant United Nations standards and rules, such as the United Nations Standard Minimum Rules for Non-Custodial Measures (the Tokyo Rules
)”
Slide12Decriminalisation of drug use
T
he
removal or non-enforcement of [criminal] penalties for drug use, and for the possession of drugs, possession of drug use equipment and cultivation of drugs for the purpose of personal consumption.
Decriminalisation
may involve the removal of all penalties.
Slide13Best practice in
decriminalisation
of drug
use
The
law is changed to remove
all penalties for drug use, possession or cultivation of drugs for personal use, or possession of drug use equipmentResources allocated to ensure evidence-based health, harm reduction and support services are available and accessible
Slide14DiversionMeasures that provide alternatives to criminal sanctions or incarceration for people who are arrested for drug use or drug-related offences, particularly minor, non-violent offences.
At police, prosecutor or judicial decision-making stage.
Slide15Police Diversion: Yuxi, China
P
olice referral to community
-based treatment centre
N
o arrests for minor drug possession or use
in immediate vicinity, and police training
Goals to improve health, decrease re-incarceration, increase removal from government surveillance system, strengthen social and familial support, and improve reintegration Clients have access to comprehensive psychosocial and healthcare services, including methadone.
Slide16Decriminalisation: other issues
Appropriate use of threshold quantities
Adequate availability of health and harm reduction services
Engagement of health, legal aid and community workers
Slide17Thank you!www.idpc.net
afordham@idpc.net
contact@idpc.net
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