The Holocaust Outcome: The Final Solution - PowerPoint Presentation

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The Holocaust

Outcome: The Final Solution

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The Final Solution

Setting the StageAdolf Hitler made several

promises

to the German people as his power grew:

Will return Germany to its

former glory

Will give people

jobs

Will get rid of the “

Jewish Problem”

In the late 1930’s to early 1940’s, the Nazis had rounded up and killed over

1

million Jews, but “The

Final Solution

,” the plan to exterminate all Jews from Europe, was not decided upon until 1942

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The Final Solution

Stages of GenocideNazi Propaganda against the Jews

Propaganda is information, ideas, or rumors

deliberately spread

widely to help or

harm

a person, group, movement, institution, nation, etc.

Joseph Goebbels

was head of Nazi propaganda; close associate of Hitler

The Nazis

blamed

the Jews for Germany’s problems during the Depression

Jews were made to look like

deviants

and even

rapists

Anti-Semitism was not only common, but it was

growing;

Hitler was loved

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Nazi Propaganda

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The Final Solution

The Nuremberg Laws Laws were passed in Germany called the

Nuremberg Laws

, which allowed for

legal

discrimination &

terrorism

against Jews. Examples:

Jews were stripped of German

citizenship

(could no longer

vote

)

Marriage

between Jews & Germans was

forbidden

Jews were excluded from

public office

, practicing

law

, medicine,

teaching

Jews had curfews, had to wear yellow Star of David

for

public ID

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The Final Solution

KristallnachtThe Night of

Broken Glass

- Anti-Semitic riots in Germany and Austria.

30,000

Jews rounded up and taken to concentration camps

Homes, businesses, and

synagogues destroyed

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Kristallnacht

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Kristallnacht

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Kristallnacht

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The Final Solution

Separation into GhettosThe Nazis wanted to create more “

lebensraum

” or

living space

Jews were rounded up and sent to walled off sections of cities called

ghettos

Multiple families

occupied small, cramped, dirty apartments

Jews were allowed to leave the ghettos for work but had

strict curfews

The Nazis

took

most of the

property

left by the Jews for their own profit

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Ghettos

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The Final Solution

Concentration CampsThousands of Jews were transported to

work camps

around Poland, Austria, and Germany to work as

slave labor

for the Nazis

Railroad

boxcars

were filled with people with no food or water as transport

Thousands

starved

, worked to death, or were

killed

in these camps

Plaszow

camp in Poland is the main camp in the film Schindler’s List

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The Final Solution

Death Camps (The Final Solution)Once the Final Solution was decided upon, many camps became

extermination camps

aimed solely at killing Jews

Heinrich Himmler

&

Adolf Eichmann

were the chief engineers and overseers of the Final Solution

At first bodies were buried in shallow graves; the

stench

could be smelled for

miles -

->

neighboring

Germans

were either ignorant or ignored the atrocity

The Nazis

forced

Jews to transport dead bodies, exhume bodies, and even kill

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The Final Solution

Gas chambers became main mode of death

Thousands

could be killed in mere

minutes

Zyklon

B

gas pellets were dropped in

Bodies were moved to crematoriums were bodies were quickly

burned

Often times,

Sonderkommandos

were used; Jews forced to put dead Jews into

crematoriums

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Crematorium at Auschwitz

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Gas Chamber & Crematorium

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Auschwitz

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Prisoner Barracks

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The Final Solution

Auschwitz was the worst of the death camps

Located in

Poland

1,100,000

killed at Auschwitz; 200,000

children

killed

Joseph

Megele

did medical experiments on Jews and children

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The Final Solution

Mauthausen in Austria (John Sagan story)Others targeted in the Final Solution:

Gypsies

Communists

Political Prisoners

(John Sagan)

Homosexuals

Jehovah

’s Witnesses

Soviet Prisoners of War

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The Final Solution

Result: The Nazis were organized, systematic, and merciless. Most of the death camps were in Poland and over

11

million people were killed of which 6 million were Jews. Most of the world had no idea and those who did know, were

powerless

to stop Hitler and the Nazis.

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The Holocaust

Outcome: Healing

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Healing

Setting the StageThe Holocaust mostly ended with the

German surrender

in May 1945

6

million Jews had been

murdered

and survivors had to start over

Hitler

committed suicide

before Germany surrendered leaving countless others to take the blame and punishment for his orders

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Healing

Liberation of the CampsThe

Soviet Union

liberated many of the camps as they pushed in from the East

When Allied troops found the camps, they had

no idea

what they were dealing with

Many remaining Nazi camp

Commandants

, or camp leaders, fled

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Healing

Role of the German citizens: Were they aware of the full situation?Truth is: some

knew

, others

did not

It was

difficult

and dangerous to

question

Hitler & the Nazis

Anti-Semitism

was strong and many turned a blind eye

Some like

Oskar Schindler

risked their lives to help Jews find refuge

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Healing

What was next for the Jews?Wives, husbands, sons, daughters were

gone

; finding

survivors

was not easy

Just because the Holocaust was officially over didn’t mean Anti-Semitism

was

Property rights

of stolen goods and homes were

not honored

Very few got

wealth

or

property

back; many were quite wealthy before relocation

Many Jews

fled

Europe

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Healing

Creation of IsraelIsrael is at the

SE

tip of the

Mediterranean

Sea; was the promised land of the Ancient

Hebrews

Israel declared itself a nation in

1948

; source of major

conflict

to this day

42

% of the World’s Jewish population live in Israel today

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Healing

Nuremberg TrialsMany camp leaders and Nazis were put on trial for

crimes against humanity

Rudolph

Hoss

, Commandant of Auschwitz, was hanged after a 3 week trial

Adolf Eichmann

escaped to South America and later snatched by Israeli troops 15 years later and sentenced to death after a 4 month trial

Heinrich Himmler

committed suicide with a potassium cyanide capsule shortly after arrest and before he would stand trial at Nuremberg

Joseph

Mengele

escaped to Argentina; died years later under name Wolfgang Gerhard

Of over 7000

SS

guards who worked at Auschwitz and survived, fewer than 800 were ever put on trial and

90

% of those involved were never prosecuted

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Healing

Deniers of the HolocaustProof that Anti-Semitism still exists, some deny the Holocaust

ever happened

Holocaust deniers are often those

upset

about Israel’s independence and occupation of

Palestinian

lands

Mahmoud Ahmadinejad, former leader of

Iran

, is a denier of the Holocaust and is allegedly pursuing

nuclear

weapons for

Iran (2013 left and

Hassan

Rouhani is the current leader.

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Healing

Lessons for TodayThe power of a

dictator

is one our country is strongly opposed to

Democracy

prevents such things; hopefully (Japanese internment camps??)

Genocide

did not die

with the Holocaust

Rwanda

and

Darfur

in Africa have seen hundreds of thousands slaughtered at the hands of corrupt governments and rival tribes

Studying the Holocaust teaches us the power of unity and the atrocities that can be brought on by hatred and

Xenophobia

The

Holocaust Museum

in Washington D.C. is great place to see real

artifacts, stories, and to honor those who suffered at the hands of the Nazis

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Healing

Conclusion: The Holocaust is not ancient history. These events are still possible in our world and if we take the time to understand how these events can unfold, then we have the power and

knowledge

to stop them from happening.